红曲对ApoE~(-/-)小鼠肠道屏障功能影响
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摘要
目的研究红曲对ApoE~(-/-)小鼠肠道屏障功能的影响。方法 6只雄性8周龄C57BL/6J小鼠作为正常对照组,18只8周龄雄性ApoE~(-/-)小鼠随机分为:动脉粥样硬化模型组;他汀对照组;红曲组。实验周期为12周。主动脉大体油红O染色,定量斑块面积;苏木精-伊红染色法(HE)观察结肠病理变化;透射电镜观察结肠超微结构变化;免疫印迹法(WB)检测结肠组织中紧密连接蛋白ZO-1、claudin-1的表达水平。结果正常对照组无斑块形成,动脉粥样硬化模型组斑块面积为(22.46±8.33)%。与正常对照组相比,模型组结肠绒毛高度和微绒毛长度[分别为(66.27±6.38)、(0.67±0.19)μm]降低(P <0.05);与模型组相比,红曲组结肠绒毛高度和微绒毛长度[(92.57±7.37)、(0.87±0.07)μm]均升高(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,模型组结肠组织中claudin-1和ZO-1蛋白表达水平[分别为(494.00±47.15)、(466.67±43.41)]降低(P <0.05);与模型组相比红曲组claudin-1和ZO-1蛋白表达水平[(709.33±60.00)、(785.67±101.55)]均升高(P<0.05)。红曲组所测各指标和他汀组相比均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论红曲可以改善ApoE~(-/-)小鼠肠道屏障功能,其机制可能与修复结肠绒毛和通过上调结肠ZO-1和claudin-1紧密连接蛋白有关。
Objective To study the effect of red yeast rice(monacolin K) on intestinal barrier function in ApoE-/-rats.Methods Eighteen 8-week-old male ApoE~(-/-) mice were fed with feeds containing 15% lard and 0.25% cholesterol to establish atherosclerosis model and then randomly divided into a model(with daily gavage of saline), a statin control(10 mg/kg.d statin), and a red yeast rice group(0.34 g/kg.d monacolin K) and 6 male 8-week-old C57 BL/6 J rats were used as normal control for a 12-week experiment. The aorta specimens were stained with oil red O to quantify the area of plaque;pathological changes of the small intestine were observed with hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining; the ultrastructure of the small intestine was observed with transmission electron microscopy; and Western blot(WB) was used to detect the expression of tight junction protein zonula occludens-1(ZO-1) and claudin-1 in colon tissues. Results No aorta plaque formation was observed in the normal control group. The average aorta plaque area for the atherosclerosis model group was22.46 土 8.33%. Compared with the normal control group, the mean height of colonic villi(66.27 ± 6.38 μm) and the mean length of colonic microvilli(0.67 ±0.19 μm) of the model group were significantly decreased compared with those of the normal control group(both P < 0.05) and the mean height of colonic villi(92.57 ± 7.37 μm) and the length of colonic microvilli(0.87 ± 0.07 μm) of the monacolin K group increased significantly(both P < 0.05) in contrast to those of the model group. The protein expression of claudin-1(494 ± 47.15) and ZO-1(466.67 ± 43.41) of the model group were significantly lower than those of the normal control group(both P< 0.05). Compared with the model group, the protein expression level of claudin-1(709.33 ± 60) and ZO-1(785.67 ± 101.55) in the colonic tissues of the monacolin K group increased significantly in comparison with those of the model group(both P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in all the indicators between monacolin K group and the statin group(P> 0.05 for all). Conclusion Red yeast rice can improve intestinal barrier function in ApoE~(-/-) rats and the mechanism of the effect may be related to the repairment of colonic villi and the upregulation of colonic ZO-1 and claudin-1 tight junction proteins.
Objective To study the effect of red yeast rice(monacolin K) on intestinal barrier function in ApoE-/-rats.Methods Eighteen 8-week-old male ApoE~(-/-) mice were fed with feeds containing 15% lard and 0.25% cholesterol to establish atherosclerosis model and then randomly divided into a model(with daily gavage of saline), a statin control(10 mg/kg.d statin), and a red yeast rice group(0.34 g/kg.d monacolin K) and 6 male 8-week-old C57 BL/6 J rats were used as normal control for a 12-week experiment. The aorta specimens were stained with oil red O to quantify the area of plaque;pathological changes of the small intestine were observed with hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining; the ultrastructure of the small intestine was observed with transmission electron microscopy; and Western blot(WB) was used to detect the expression of tight junction protein zonula occludens-1(ZO-1) and claudin-1 in colon tissues. Results No aorta plaque formation was observed in the normal control group. The average aorta plaque area for the atherosclerosis model group was22.46 土 8.33%. Compared with the normal control group, the mean height of colonic villi(66.27 ± 6.38 μm) and the mean length of colonic microvilli(0.67 ±0.19 μm) of the model group were significantly decreased compared with those of the normal control group(both P < 0.05) and the mean height of colonic villi(92.57 ± 7.37 μm) and the length of colonic microvilli(0.87 ± 0.07 μm) of the monacolin K group increased significantly(both P < 0.05) in contrast to those of the model group. The protein expression of claudin-1(494 ± 47.15) and ZO-1(466.67 ± 43.41) of the model group were significantly lower than those of the normal control group(both P< 0.05). Compared with the model group, the protein expression level of claudin-1(709.33 ± 60) and ZO-1(785.67 ± 101.55) in the colonic tissues of the monacolin K group increased significantly in comparison with those of the model group(both P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in all the indicators between monacolin K group and the statin group(P> 0.05 for all). Conclusion Red yeast rice can improve intestinal barrier function in ApoE~(-/-) rats and the mechanism of the effect may be related to the repairment of colonic villi and the upregulation of colonic ZO-1 and claudin-1 tight junction proteins.
引文
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[14] Shen L, Weber CR, Raleigh DR, et al. Tight junction pore and leak pathways:a dynamic duo[J]. Annual Review of Physiology, 2011,73(1):283-309.
[15] Kazuaki U, Junichi I, Sayaka K, et al. ZO-1 and ZO-2 independently determine where claudins are polymerized in tight-junction strand formation[J]. Cell, 2006, 126(4):741-754.
[16] Chen L, Chen Z, Ge M, et al. Monocytic cell junction proteins serve important roles in atherosclerosis via the endoglin pathway[J].Molecular Medicine Reports, 2017,16(5):6750-6756.
[17] Günzel D, Yu AS. Claudins and the modulation of tight junction permeability[J]. Physiological Reviews, 2013,93(2):525-569.
[18] Shen L. Tight junctions on the move:molecular mechanisms for epithelial barrier regulation[J]. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2012,1258(1):9-18.
[19]甘元涛,赵少勇.肠黏膜屏障损伤与紧密连接蛋白ZO-1的关系研究进展[J].现代医药卫生,2016,32(7):1027-1029.
[20] Fanning AS, Ma TY, Anderson JM. Isolation and functional characterization of the actin binding region in the tight junction protein ZO-1[J]. Faseb Journal Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 2002,16(13):1835-1837.
[21] Ghosh SS, Bie J, Wang J, et al. Oral supplementation with nonabsorbable antibiotics or curcumin attenuates western diet-induced atherosclerosis and glucose intolerance in LDLR-/-mice-role of intestinal permeability and macrophage activation[J]. PLoS One,2014, 9(9):e108577.
[22]张迪迪,韩振国,王静.大黄对胃肠手术后大鼠肠道黏膜屏障损伤的影响[J].中国医药指南,2013,11(13):474-475.
[23]刘玉晖,胡婕,易文凤,等.参苓白术散治疗炎症性肠病与肠上皮细胞紧密连接的关系探讨[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2015, 21(3):130-133.
[2]中国心血管病报告编写组.《中国心血管病报告2016》概要[J].中国循环杂志,2017,32(6):521-530.
[3]胡章雪.Zonulin在动脉粥样硬化发病机制中的作用研究与甘氨鹅脱氧胆酸细胞毒性的体外实验研究[D].第三军医大学,2013.
[4] Cicero AFG, Martino M, Angelo P, et al. Effect of red yeast rice combined with antioxidants on lipid pattern, hs-CRP level, and endothelial function in moderately hypercholesterolemic subjects[J]. Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management, 2016,12(1):281-286.
[5] Hsu WH, Lu SS, Lee BH, et al. Monacolin K and monascin attenuated pancreas impairment and hyperglycemia induced by advanced glycation endproducts in BALB/c mice[J]. Food and Function, 2013,4(12):1742-1750.
[6] Groschwitz KR, Hogan SP. Intestinal barrier function:molecular regulation and disease pathogenesis[J]. J Allergy Clin Immunol,2009,124(1):3-20.
[7] Cani PD, Amar J, Iglesias MA, et al. Metabolic endotoxemia initiates obesity and insulin resistance[J]. Diabetes, 2007, 56(7):1761-1772.
[8]何桂珍.肠道屏障功能与细菌移位[J].协和医学杂志,2012, 3(3):260-264.
[9] Jialal I, Rajamani U. Endotoxemia of metabolic syndrome:a pivotal mediator of meta-inflammation[J]. Metab Syndr Relat Disord,2014,12(9):454-456.
[10] Liu J, Zhang J, Shi Y, et al. Chinese red yeast rice(Monascus purpureus)for primary hyperlipidemia:a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials[J]. Chinese Medicine, 2006, 1(1):1-13.
[11] Imaizumi K. Diet and atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice[J]. Journal of the Agricultural Chemical Society of Japan,2011,75(6):1023-1035.
[12]郑广娟,刘龙涛,张文高,等.降脂红曲微粉对载脂蛋白E基因敲除小鼠动脉粥样硬化的影响[C].中国中西医结合学会会议论文集,2006,347-349.
[13]胡红莲,高民.肠道屏障功能及其评价指标的研究进展[J].中国畜牧杂志,2012,48(17):78-82.
[14] Shen L, Weber CR, Raleigh DR, et al. Tight junction pore and leak pathways:a dynamic duo[J]. Annual Review of Physiology, 2011,73(1):283-309.
[15] Kazuaki U, Junichi I, Sayaka K, et al. ZO-1 and ZO-2 independently determine where claudins are polymerized in tight-junction strand formation[J]. Cell, 2006, 126(4):741-754.
[16] Chen L, Chen Z, Ge M, et al. Monocytic cell junction proteins serve important roles in atherosclerosis via the endoglin pathway[J].Molecular Medicine Reports, 2017,16(5):6750-6756.
[17] Günzel D, Yu AS. Claudins and the modulation of tight junction permeability[J]. Physiological Reviews, 2013,93(2):525-569.
[18] Shen L. Tight junctions on the move:molecular mechanisms for epithelial barrier regulation[J]. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2012,1258(1):9-18.
[19]甘元涛,赵少勇.肠黏膜屏障损伤与紧密连接蛋白ZO-1的关系研究进展[J].现代医药卫生,2016,32(7):1027-1029.
[20] Fanning AS, Ma TY, Anderson JM. Isolation and functional characterization of the actin binding region in the tight junction protein ZO-1[J]. Faseb Journal Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 2002,16(13):1835-1837.
[21] Ghosh SS, Bie J, Wang J, et al. Oral supplementation with nonabsorbable antibiotics or curcumin attenuates western diet-induced atherosclerosis and glucose intolerance in LDLR-/-mice-role of intestinal permeability and macrophage activation[J]. PLoS One,2014, 9(9):e108577.
[22]张迪迪,韩振国,王静.大黄对胃肠手术后大鼠肠道黏膜屏障损伤的影响[J].中国医药指南,2013,11(13):474-475.
[23]刘玉晖,胡婕,易文凤,等.参苓白术散治疗炎症性肠病与肠上皮细胞紧密连接的关系探讨[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2015, 21(3):130-133.