激动素对盐胁迫下老芒麦幼苗端粒酶活性及生理特性的影响
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摘要
以2015年采自青藏高原高寒草地野生老芒麦为对象,研究了不同程度NaCl盐胁迫下激动素对老芒麦幼苗端粒酶活性及生理特性的影响,为土壤盐渍化地区的农业生产以及老芒麦人工草地改良提供科学依据。采用营养液砂培法,待幼苗生长至第3片叶抽出并刚展开时,对老芒麦幼苗进行不同浓度(0、50、100、150、200mmol·L~(-1))的NaCl盐胁迫处理168h,随后用不同浓度(0、5、10、20、30mg·L~(-1))的激动素叶面喷施处理240h并测定幼苗的端粒酶活性以及生理指标:叶绿素、游离脯氨酸(Pro)、丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性糖(SS)、可溶性蛋白(SP)含量。结果表明,随着盐胁迫的增强,端粒酶活性呈现出先上升后下降的趋势,在50mmol·L~(-1)的NaCl处理下,端粒酶活性达到最大值。当处理浓度大于50mmol·L~(-1)时,随着盐胁迫的进一步增强,端粒酶活性逐步减小,渗透调节物质游离脯氨酸、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量均上升。可溶性糖在250mmol·L~(-1)盐浓度下增加量最显著(P<0.05),与对照相比增加了101.5%。0mmol·L~(-1)盐胁迫下经10mg·L~(-1)的激动素处理后,MDA含量下降64.9%。较高浓度激动素对盐胁迫的缓解效果显著(P<0.05),250mmol·L~(-1)盐胁迫下经20mg·L~(-1)激动素处理的植株,叶绿素含量较对照增加了17.3%,可溶性糖在100mmol·L~(-1)盐胁迫下经20mg·L~(-1)激动素处理,其含量较对照增加了165.6%。结果表明外源激动素对盐胁迫具有一定的缓解作用,适宜浓度的盐胁迫诱导了细胞端粒酶活性,高浓度盐胁迫可能造成了老芒麦细胞的氧化损伤,最终导致端粒酶活性下降。
A study has been undertaken to investigate the effects of kinetin on the telomerase activity and physiological characteristics of wild Elymus sibiricus seedlings under different levels of salt stress in order to provide a scientific basis for agricultural production in areas with severe soil salinization and the improvement of artificial grassland.Wild E.sibiricus were collected from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau alpine grassland in 2015 and used as test material in sand culture experiments.When the third leaf of the seedlings extracted and unfolded,the seedlings were treated with sodium chloride(NaCl)solution at different concentration levels(0,50,100,150,200 mmol·L~(-1))for 168 hours.The seedlings' leaves were then sprayed with kinetin solutions of different concentrations(0,5,10,20,30 mg·L~(-1))for 240 hours and measurements taken of telomerase activity and physiological parameters:chlorophyll,free proline(Pro),malondialdehyde(MDA),soluble sugar(SS),and soluble protein(SP)content.The results showed that with the increase of salt stress,telomerase activity firstly increased and then decreased,peaking under the 50 mmol·L~(-1) NaCl treatment.When NaCl concentrations were higher than 50 mmol·L~(-1),telomerase activity decreased and the content of free proline,soluble sugar and soluble protein increased with increasing salt stress,among which the SS increment(101.5%)of seedlings under 250 mmol·L~(-1) NaCl was significantly different from that of the control(P<0.05).Following spraying with 10 mg·L~(-1) kinetin,the MDA content of seedlings treated with 0 mmol·L~(-1) NaCl decreased by 64.9%.High concentrations of kinetin can significantly relieve the salt stress of seedlings(P<0.05),with chlorophyll content(under 250 mmol·L~(-1) NaCl stress)and SS content(under 100 mmol·L~(-1) NaCl stress)increasing by17.3%and 165.6%respectively after spraying with 20 mg·L~(-1) kinetin.These results indicate that exogenous kinetin alleviates salt stress to some extent.Suitable NaCl concentrations induced telomerase activity,whereas high concentrations of NaCl stress may cause oxidative damage to E.sibiricus cells and result in decreased telomerase activity.
A study has been undertaken to investigate the effects of kinetin on the telomerase activity and physiological characteristics of wild Elymus sibiricus seedlings under different levels of salt stress in order to provide a scientific basis for agricultural production in areas with severe soil salinization and the improvement of artificial grassland.Wild E.sibiricus were collected from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau alpine grassland in 2015 and used as test material in sand culture experiments.When the third leaf of the seedlings extracted and unfolded,the seedlings were treated with sodium chloride(NaCl)solution at different concentration levels(0,50,100,150,200 mmol·L~(-1))for 168 hours.The seedlings' leaves were then sprayed with kinetin solutions of different concentrations(0,5,10,20,30 mg·L~(-1))for 240 hours and measurements taken of telomerase activity and physiological parameters:chlorophyll,free proline(Pro),malondialdehyde(MDA),soluble sugar(SS),and soluble protein(SP)content.The results showed that with the increase of salt stress,telomerase activity firstly increased and then decreased,peaking under the 50 mmol·L~(-1) NaCl treatment.When NaCl concentrations were higher than 50 mmol·L~(-1),telomerase activity decreased and the content of free proline,soluble sugar and soluble protein increased with increasing salt stress,among which the SS increment(101.5%)of seedlings under 250 mmol·L~(-1) NaCl was significantly different from that of the control(P<0.05).Following spraying with 10 mg·L~(-1) kinetin,the MDA content of seedlings treated with 0 mmol·L~(-1) NaCl decreased by 64.9%.High concentrations of kinetin can significantly relieve the salt stress of seedlings(P<0.05),with chlorophyll content(under 250 mmol·L~(-1) NaCl stress)and SS content(under 100 mmol·L~(-1) NaCl stress)increasing by17.3%and 165.6%respectively after spraying with 20 mg·L~(-1) kinetin.These results indicate that exogenous kinetin alleviates salt stress to some extent.Suitable NaCl concentrations induced telomerase activity,whereas high concentrations of NaCl stress may cause oxidative damage to E.sibiricus cells and result in decreased telomerase activity.
引文
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[18] Sun L N.Effects of salicylic acid on seed germination and seedling growth of cucumber under salt stress.Journal of Northeast Agricultural University,2006,37(4):449-453.孙丽娜.水杨酸对盐胁迫下黄瓜种子萌发和幼苗生长发育的影响.东北农业大学学报,2006,37(4):449-453.
[19] Zhang P,Huang W D.6-BA’s physiological role in plant and its application in fruit tree production.Beijing:China Youth Agriculture Science Academic Annual Report,1999:852-859.张平,黄卫东.6-BA在植物体内的生理作用及其在果树生产中的应用.北京:中国青年农业科学学术年报,1999:852-859.
[20] Xin X,Liao H,Zhao J.Effects of GA3、ABA and 6-BA on the growth of soybean root.Journal of South China Agricultural University,2014,(3):35-40.欣欣,廖红,赵静.GA3、ABA和6-BA对大豆根系生长的影响.华南农业大学学报,2014,(3):35-40.
[21] Wang R M,Dong K H,Li Y Y,et al.Effects of exogenous plant hormones on proline metabolism at seedling stage under salt stress.Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2014,23(2):189-195.王若梦,董宽虎,李钰莹,等.外源植物激素对NaCl胁迫下苦马豆苗期脯氨酸代谢的影响.草业学报,2014,23(2):189-195.
[22] Luo H Y,Gao H B,Gao Z K,et al.Effects of CPPU and 6-BA on active oxygen metabolism and chlorophyll fluorescence of tomato under salt stress.Acta Botanica Boreali-occi-dentalia Sinica,2010,30(9):1852-1858.罗黄颖,高洪波,高志奎,等.CPPU和6-BA对盐胁迫下番茄活性氧代谢及叶绿素荧光的影响.西北植物学报,2010,30(9):1852-1858.
[23] Zheng P S,Jin F.Effects of exogenous hormones on the growth and physiological characteristics of strawberry plantlets in vitro under salt stress.Deciduous Fruit Trees,2012,39(1):10-13.郑平生,金芳.盐胁迫下外源激素对草莓试管苗生长及生理特性的影响.落叶果树,2012,39(1):10-13.
[2] Wu X F,Wang J Y,Zhang X Y,et al.Relationship between telomerase activity and protection against oxidative damage in suspension cells of Populus euphratica and cooperative Populus euphratica under salt stress.Biotechnology Bulletin,2017,33(8):111-119.吴晓飞,王瑾瑜,张徐俞,等.盐胁迫下胡杨和合作杨悬浮细胞端粒酶与抵御氧化损伤的关系.生物技术报,2017,33(8):111-119
[3] Zhang X Y,Wang J Y,Zhen G S,et al.Effects of salt stress on telomerase activity in relation to DNA stability of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus cell.Biotechnology Bulletin,2014,(10):134-138.张徐俞,王瑾瑜,郑广顺,等.盐胁迫下沙冬青细胞端粒酶活性的变化与DNA稳定性的关系.生物技术通报,2014,(10):134-138.
[4] Kim N W,Wu F.Advances in quantification and characterization of telomerase activity by the telomeric repeat amplification protocol(TRAP).Nucleic Acids Research,1997,25(13):2595-2597.
[5] Trachana V,Petrakis S,Fotiadis Z,et al.Human mesenchymal stem cells with enhanced telomerase activity acquire resistance against oxidative stress-induced genomic damage.Cytotherapy,2017,19(7):808-820.
[6] Fouquerel E,Lormand J,Bose A,et al.Oxidative guanine base damage regulates human telomerase activity.Nature Structural&Molecular Biology,2016,23:1092-1100.
[7] Jurk D,Wilson C,Passos J F,et al.Chronic inflammation induces telomere dysfunction and accelerates ageing in mice.Nature Communications,2014,2:4172.
[8] FojtováM,Fulne8kováJ,Fajkus J,et al.Recovery of tobacco cells from cadmium stress is accompanied by DNA repair and increased telomerase activity.Journal of Experimental Botany,2002,53:2151-2158.
[9] Yang Y J,Zhang H,Zhou H K,et al.Effect of salt salt stress on physiological characteristics of alpine grassland pasture Elymus sibiricus.Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Occidentalis Sinica,2015,24(7):156-162.杨月娟,张灏,周华坤,等.盐胁迫对高寒草地牧草老芒麦幼苗生理指标的影响.西北农业学报,2015,24(7):156-162.
[10] Gong J Y,Tang M,Zhang X M,et al.Effect of hoaglang nutrient solution on floating seedling pepper.Molecular Plant Breeding,2017,15(8):3244-3253.龚记熠,唐明,张习敏,等.Hoaglang营养液对漂浮育苗辣椒的影响.分子植物育种,2017,15(8):3244-3253.
[11] Li H S.Principles and techniques of plant physiology and biochemistry experiments.Beijing:Higher Education Press,2002:192-194.李合生.植物生理生化实验原理与技术.北京:高等教育出版社,2002:192-194.
[12] Baxter A,Mittler R,Suzuki N.ROS as key players in plant stress signaling.Journal of Experimental Botany,2014,65(5):1229-1240.
[13] Miller G,Shulaev V,Mittler R.Reactive oxygen signaling and abiotic stress.Physiologia Plantarum,2008,133(3):481-489.
[14] Liu Z Y,Zhu Z J,Qian Y R,et al.Ca(NO3)2and NaCl effect on the growth of tomato seedings.Journal of Horticulture,2001,28(1):31-35.刘志媛,朱祝军,钱亚榕,等.等渗Ca(NO3)2和NaCl对番茄幼苗生长的影响.园艺学报,2001,28(1):31-35.
[15] Scandalions J G.Oxygen stress and superoxide dismutase.Plant Physiology,1993,101(1):7-12.
[16] Zhu Y.Effects of exogenous calcium under salt stress on the germination and seedling ion distribution of high-fella germination.Journal of Agricultural Engineering,2007,23(11):133-137.朱义.盐胁迫下外源钙对高羊茅种子萌发和幼苗离子分布的影响.农业工程学报,2007,23(11):133-137.
[17] Zhang T G,Kou M G,Wang Y Y,et al.Effects of salt stress on physiological indexes of two kinds of rape leaves.Journal of Northwest Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2014,(5):85-90.张腾国,寇明刚,王圆圆,等.盐胁迫对两种油菜叶片生理指标的影响.西北师范大学学报(自然科学版),2014,(5):85-90.
[18] Sun L N.Effects of salicylic acid on seed germination and seedling growth of cucumber under salt stress.Journal of Northeast Agricultural University,2006,37(4):449-453.孙丽娜.水杨酸对盐胁迫下黄瓜种子萌发和幼苗生长发育的影响.东北农业大学学报,2006,37(4):449-453.
[19] Zhang P,Huang W D.6-BA’s physiological role in plant and its application in fruit tree production.Beijing:China Youth Agriculture Science Academic Annual Report,1999:852-859.张平,黄卫东.6-BA在植物体内的生理作用及其在果树生产中的应用.北京:中国青年农业科学学术年报,1999:852-859.
[20] Xin X,Liao H,Zhao J.Effects of GA3、ABA and 6-BA on the growth of soybean root.Journal of South China Agricultural University,2014,(3):35-40.欣欣,廖红,赵静.GA3、ABA和6-BA对大豆根系生长的影响.华南农业大学学报,2014,(3):35-40.
[21] Wang R M,Dong K H,Li Y Y,et al.Effects of exogenous plant hormones on proline metabolism at seedling stage under salt stress.Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2014,23(2):189-195.王若梦,董宽虎,李钰莹,等.外源植物激素对NaCl胁迫下苦马豆苗期脯氨酸代谢的影响.草业学报,2014,23(2):189-195.
[22] Luo H Y,Gao H B,Gao Z K,et al.Effects of CPPU and 6-BA on active oxygen metabolism and chlorophyll fluorescence of tomato under salt stress.Acta Botanica Boreali-occi-dentalia Sinica,2010,30(9):1852-1858.罗黄颖,高洪波,高志奎,等.CPPU和6-BA对盐胁迫下番茄活性氧代谢及叶绿素荧光的影响.西北植物学报,2010,30(9):1852-1858.
[23] Zheng P S,Jin F.Effects of exogenous hormones on the growth and physiological characteristics of strawberry plantlets in vitro under salt stress.Deciduous Fruit Trees,2012,39(1):10-13.郑平生,金芳.盐胁迫下外源激素对草莓试管苗生长及生理特性的影响.落叶果树,2012,39(1):10-13.