用于文物老桥水中墩基础维修加固的围堰施工技术
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摘要
针对文物老桥基础维修加固过程中制约因素多、施工难度大的情况,以运营80余年的广州海珠桥中墩基础改造工程为背景,研究该类桥梁的水中墩基础维修加固围堰技术。根据文物桥梁"修旧如旧"的维修加固原则,在不破坏原结构的前提下,改造中墩基础时采用分体式双壁钢围堰作为施工阻水结构。围堰整体设计为圆端形,横桥向对称分成2个U形半体;2个U形半体临时连接,整体下河并浮运至桥位附近停靠;通过实时监控围堰接缝处的应力变化,在U形半体壁舱内加水调节至其应力趋近于零,实现围堰平衡分体;将2个半体分别浮拖至墩位处,通过临时锁定结构及止水装置快速合龙连成整体,通过安装导向平台辅助其精确定位,最终下沉至设计标高。分体式双壁钢围堰的使用成功规避了桥梁周边障碍物的不利影响,降低了风险系数,保障了施工安全和质量。
In view of the situation that there are many restrictive factors and construction difficulties in the process of the maintenance and reinforcement for the foundation of old bridge of cultural relics,we study the techniques of pile caps used in maintenance and reinforcement for pier foundation in water of this kind of bridge by taking the reconstruction project of the Haizhu Bridge in Guangzhou as background,which has been in service for more than 80 years.According to the principle of "repairing old as the old" for the bridge of cultural relics,on the premise of not destroying the original structure,a split double-wall steel pile cap is adopted as a water-blocking structure when reconstructing the middle pier foundation.The overall pile cap is designed as a circularend shape,and divided into two U-shaped semi-bodies symmetrically at transverse direction of the bridge.Two U-shaped semi-bodies are temporarily connected,integrally lowered into the river,and transported to and docked near the bridge site by floating.By taking real-time monitoring of stress variations at joints of the pile cap,water is added into the wall compartments of the Ushaped semi-bodies to adjust the stress approaches to zero,so that the separation balance of the pile cap is achieved.The two semi-bodies are towed to the pier position by floating,respectively,and are quickly integrated to an entirety through temporary locking structures and water-blocking equipment.By installing aguide platform to assist the pile cap positioning precisely,the entirety is finally sunk to the design elevation.Ultimately,the split double-wall steel pile cap has successfully avoided adverse effects of the obstacles around the bridge,risk is reduced,and construction safety and quality are ensured.
In view of the situation that there are many restrictive factors and construction difficulties in the process of the maintenance and reinforcement for the foundation of old bridge of cultural relics,we study the techniques of pile caps used in maintenance and reinforcement for pier foundation in water of this kind of bridge by taking the reconstruction project of the Haizhu Bridge in Guangzhou as background,which has been in service for more than 80 years.According to the principle of "repairing old as the old" for the bridge of cultural relics,on the premise of not destroying the original structure,a split double-wall steel pile cap is adopted as a water-blocking structure when reconstructing the middle pier foundation.The overall pile cap is designed as a circularend shape,and divided into two U-shaped semi-bodies symmetrically at transverse direction of the bridge.Two U-shaped semi-bodies are temporarily connected,integrally lowered into the river,and transported to and docked near the bridge site by floating.By taking real-time monitoring of stress variations at joints of the pile cap,water is added into the wall compartments of the Ushaped semi-bodies to adjust the stress approaches to zero,so that the separation balance of the pile cap is achieved.The two semi-bodies are towed to the pier position by floating,respectively,and are quickly integrated to an entirety through temporary locking structures and water-blocking equipment.By installing aguide platform to assist the pile cap positioning precisely,the entirety is finally sunk to the design elevation.Ultimately,the split double-wall steel pile cap has successfully avoided adverse effects of the obstacles around the bridge,risk is reduced,and construction safety and quality are ensured.
引文
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[9]杨齐海,何加江.公安长江公铁两用特大桥4号墩钢围堰施工技术[J].桥梁建设,2015,45(5):99-104.(YANG Qi-hai,He Jia-jiang.Construction Techniques of Steel Cofferdam for Pier No.4of Gong'an Changjiang River Rail-cum-Road Bridge[J].Bridge Construction,2015,45(5):99-104.in Chinese)
[10]张琦.复杂条件下钢围堰施工工艺研究[J].施工技术,2016,45(S2):346-348.(ZHANG Qi.Study on the Construction Technology of Steel Cofferdam Under Complex Condition[J].Construction Technology,2016,45(S2):346-348.in Chinese)
[2]涂金平,赵井卫,翟辉.兰州中山桥维修加固总体设计[J].公路,2016(8):112-115.(TU Jin-ping,ZHAO Jing-wei,ZHAI Hui.Overall Design of Maintenance and Reinforcement of Zhongshan Bridge in Lanzhou[J].Highway,2016(8):112-115.in Chinese)
[3]赵全胜,齐越,李增壮.桥梁检测和加固技术研究[J].建筑技术,2015,46(S2):392-397.(ZHAO Quan-sheng,QI Yue,LI Zeng-zhuang.Research on Bridge Detection and Reinforcement Technology[J].Architecture Technology,2015,46(S2):392-397.in Chinese)
[4]鲍莉霞,彭振华.广州市海珠桥主桥维修加固设计[J].钢结构,2016,31(1):42-44,60.(BAO Li-xia,PENG Zhen-hua.Maintenance and Reinforcement Design for the Main Bridge of Haizhu Bridge in Guangzhou[J].Steel Construction,2016,31(1):42-44,60.in Chinese)
[5]方新跃.文物铆接钢桥---海珠桥维修加固关键施工技术[J].桥梁建设,2016,46(5):110-115.(FANG Xin-yue.Key Construction Techniques for Repairing and Strengthening of Haizhu Bridge,a Historical Riveted Steel Bridge,in Guangzhou[J].Bridge Construction,2016,46(5):110-115.in Chinese)
[6]张骏.桥梁深水基础钢板桩围堰受力分析与应用[J].桥梁建设,2012,42(5):74-81.(ZHANG Jun.Force Condition Analysis and application of steel Sheet Pile Cofferdam for Bridge Deepwater Foundation[J].Bridge Construction,2012,42(5):74-81.in Chinese)
[7]李迎九.钢板桩围堰施工技术[J].桥梁建设,2011(2):76-79,84.(LI Ying-jiu.Construction Techniques of Steel Sheet Pile Cofferdams[J].Bridge Construction,2011(2):76-79,84.in Chinese)
[8]汪学军.桥梁深水基础施工围堰方案适用性研究[J].工程与建设,2014,28(3):399-400,404.(WANG Xue-jun.Research on Applicability of Cofferdam Scheme for Bridge Foundation Construction in Deep Water[J].Engineering and Construction,2014,28(3):399-400,404.in Chinese)
[9]杨齐海,何加江.公安长江公铁两用特大桥4号墩钢围堰施工技术[J].桥梁建设,2015,45(5):99-104.(YANG Qi-hai,He Jia-jiang.Construction Techniques of Steel Cofferdam for Pier No.4of Gong'an Changjiang River Rail-cum-Road Bridge[J].Bridge Construction,2015,45(5):99-104.in Chinese)
[10]张琦.复杂条件下钢围堰施工工艺研究[J].施工技术,2016,45(S2):346-348.(ZHANG Qi.Study on the Construction Technology of Steel Cofferdam Under Complex Condition[J].Construction Technology,2016,45(S2):346-348.in Chinese)