水稻全生育期耐盐性鉴定评价方法研究
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摘要
土壤盐渍化是危害水稻生产的重要非生物胁迫因素,而遗传改良是提高水稻耐盐性的有效途径之一。全生育期耐盐性是对水稻各生育时期耐盐性的综合反映。科学、准确、高效的水稻全生育期耐盐性鉴定评价方法是水稻耐盐遗传改良必要条件,也是正确判别水稻种质耐盐真实性的关键所在。本研究挑选19份不同耐盐性水稻种质作为研究材料,在正常环境和0.2%、0.3%、0.4%、0.5%、0.6%、0.7%盐处理浓度下,调查11个农艺性状并计算其耐盐系数,运用品种间四分位差法分析,明确水稻全生育期耐盐性鉴定最适浓度。品种间四分位差最大的盐浓度被认为是盐处理最佳浓度;综合多种多元统计分析方法,包括主成分分析、隶属函数分析、回归分析、聚类分析,对水稻全生育期耐盐性鉴定合理评价方法进行探索。结果表明,0.3%盐胁迫浓度下多数性状耐盐系数品种间四分位差最大,0.3%盐胁迫浓度是水稻全生育期耐盐性鉴定最适浓度。主成分分析结果表明,11个农艺性状的耐盐系数可简化为3个主成分。利用主成分贡献率和隶属函数分析,可进一步将3个主成分值简化为水稻耐盐性综合评价指标D值。D值能够简便、准确的评价水稻种质的耐盐性。本研究还利用逐步回归分析,建立D值与11个农艺性状耐盐系数最优线性回归方程:D=-0.365+0.647PL+0.152GP+0.274TW。从该方程可知穗长、穗粒数和总干物重耐盐系数是影响D值的关键指标。利用回归分析建立的模型,可准确完成对D值预测。本研究利用聚类分析,将19份水稻种质耐盐性划分为5个等级,对应于水稻5个耐盐等级划分,即极强、强、中、弱、极弱,可作为其他水稻种质耐盐性评价重要参考。
Soil salinization is one of the important abiotic stresses on rice production,and the genetic improvement is an effective way to improve the salinity tolerance of rice. Saline tolerance of rice during the whole growth stage is a comprehensive reflection of saline tolerance for several growth stages of rice. The scientific,accurate and efficient identification and evaluation system for saline tolerance of rice during the whole growth period is the necessary condition for the genetic improvement of the saline tolerance of rice. It is also the key to correctly distinguish the saline tolerance of rice germplasm. In this study,19 rice germplasm with levels of saline tolerance were tested under normal condition and 0.2%、0.3%、0.4%、0.5%、0.6%、0.7% saline treatment concentrations. 11 agronomic traits were investigated and the saline tolerance coefficient was calculated. Furthermore,the optimum concentration of saline tolerance was determined by using interquartile range method between varieties. The salinity with maximum interquartile range between varieties was supposed to be the optimum stress environment.A series of comprehensive multivariate statistical analysis method,included principal component analysis,membership function analysis,stepwise regression analysis and cluster analysis,was used to explore the rational evaluation method of saline tolerance of rice during the whole growth stage. The results showed that under 0.3% salinity,the saline tolerance coefficient of most traits shown the highest interquartile range among varieties. Therefore,it is considered that the 0.3% salinity is the optimum concentration for identification saline tolerance in rice. The results of principal component analysis showed that the saline tolerance coefficient of11 agronomic traits can be reduced to 3 principal components. By using the principal component contribution rate and membership function analysis,the three principal component values can be further simplified into the comprehensive evaluation index of rice saline tolerance:D value. D value can be used to evaluate the saline tolerance of rice germplasm simply and accurately. In this study,we also used stepwise regression analysis to establish the optimal linear regression equation for the saline tolerance coefficient of 11 agronomic traits and D value:D=-0.365+0.647 PL+0.152 GP+0.274 TW. Through stepwise regression analysis,the saline tolerance coefficient of panicle length,grains per panicle and total weight was the key indicator of D value. This equation can accurately predict the D value. The saline tolerance of 19 rice germplasm can be divided into 5 grades by cluster analysis,corresponding to 5 saline tolerance grades of rice,i.e.very strong,strong,medium,week and very week. It can be regarded as an important reference for salt tolerance evaluation of other rice germplasm.
Soil salinization is one of the important abiotic stresses on rice production,and the genetic improvement is an effective way to improve the salinity tolerance of rice. Saline tolerance of rice during the whole growth stage is a comprehensive reflection of saline tolerance for several growth stages of rice. The scientific,accurate and efficient identification and evaluation system for saline tolerance of rice during the whole growth period is the necessary condition for the genetic improvement of the saline tolerance of rice. It is also the key to correctly distinguish the saline tolerance of rice germplasm. In this study,19 rice germplasm with levels of saline tolerance were tested under normal condition and 0.2%、0.3%、0.4%、0.5%、0.6%、0.7% saline treatment concentrations. 11 agronomic traits were investigated and the saline tolerance coefficient was calculated. Furthermore,the optimum concentration of saline tolerance was determined by using interquartile range method between varieties. The salinity with maximum interquartile range between varieties was supposed to be the optimum stress environment.A series of comprehensive multivariate statistical analysis method,included principal component analysis,membership function analysis,stepwise regression analysis and cluster analysis,was used to explore the rational evaluation method of saline tolerance of rice during the whole growth stage. The results showed that under 0.3% salinity,the saline tolerance coefficient of most traits shown the highest interquartile range among varieties. Therefore,it is considered that the 0.3% salinity is the optimum concentration for identification saline tolerance in rice. The results of principal component analysis showed that the saline tolerance coefficient of11 agronomic traits can be reduced to 3 principal components. By using the principal component contribution rate and membership function analysis,the three principal component values can be further simplified into the comprehensive evaluation index of rice saline tolerance:D value. D value can be used to evaluate the saline tolerance of rice germplasm simply and accurately. In this study,we also used stepwise regression analysis to establish the optimal linear regression equation for the saline tolerance coefficient of 11 agronomic traits and D value:D=-0.365+0.647 PL+0.152 GP+0.274 TW. Through stepwise regression analysis,the saline tolerance coefficient of panicle length,grains per panicle and total weight was the key indicator of D value. This equation can accurately predict the D value. The saline tolerance of 19 rice germplasm can be divided into 5 grades by cluster analysis,corresponding to 5 saline tolerance grades of rice,i.e.very strong,strong,medium,week and very week. It can be regarded as an important reference for salt tolerance evaluation of other rice germplasm.
引文
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[10]冯钟慧,刘晓龙,姜昌杰,梁正伟.吉林省粳稻种质萌发期耐碱性和耐盐性综合评价.土壤与作物,2016,5(2):120-127Feng Z H,Liu X L,Jiang C J,Liang Z W.Comprehensive evaluation of rice(Oryza sativa japonica)germplasm for alkaline/saline tolerance at germination stage from Jilin province.Soils and Crops,2016,5(2):120-127
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[12]郭望模,傅亚萍,孙宗修.水稻芽期和苗期耐盐指标的选择研究.浙江农业科学,2004,1(14):30-33Guo W M,Fu Y P,Sun Z X.Study on the selection of salt tolerance indexes in rice seedling stage and seedling stage.Journal of Zhejiang Agriculture Science,2004,1(14):30-33
[13]王建飞,陈宏友,杨庆利,姚明哲,周国安,张红生.盐胁迫浓度和胁迫时的温度对水稻耐盐性的影响.中国水稻科学,2004,18(5):449-454Wang J F,Chen H Y,Yang Q L,Yao M Z,Zhou G A,Zhang HS.Effects of salt concentration and temperature on the screening of salt tolerance in rice.China Journal of Rice Science,2004,18(5):449-454
[14]吴家富,杨博文,向珣朝,许亮,颜李梅.不同水稻种质在不同生育期耐盐鉴定的差异.植物学报,2017,52(1):77-88Wu J F,Yang B W,Xiang X C,Xu L,Yan L M.Identification of salt tolerance in different rice germplasm at different growth stages.Chinese Bulletin of Botany,2017,52(1):77-88
[15]潘晓飚,谢留杰,黄善军,段敏,陈剑,徐建龙.杂交水稻不同生育阶段的耐盐性及育种策略.江苏农业科学,2017,45(6):56-60Pan X B,Xie L J,Huang S J,Duan M,Chen J,Xu J L.Salttolerance and breeding strategy of hybrid rice at different stages.Journal of Jiangsu Agriculture Science,2017,45(6):56-60
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[17]何晓群.多元统计分析,第四版.北京:中国人民大学出版社,2015:152-174He X Q.Multivariate statistical analysis,4th edition.Beijing:China Renmin University Press,2015:152-174
[18]戴海芳,武辉,阿曼古丽·买买提阿力,王立红,麦麦提.阿皮孜,张巨松.不同基因型棉花苗期耐盐性分析及其鉴定指标筛选.中国农业科学,2014,47(7):1290-1300Dai H F,Wu H,Amanguli M,WANG L H,MaimaitiA,Zhang J S.Analysis of salt-tolerance and determination of salt-tolerant evaluation indicators in cotton seedlings of different genotypes.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2014,47(7):1290-1300
[19]郭望模,傅亚萍,孙宗修,郑镇一.盐胁迫下不同水稻种质形态指标与耐盐性的相关分析.植物遗传资源学报,2003,4(3):245-251Guo W M,Fu Y P,Sun Z X,Zheng Z Y.The Correlation analysis between the morphological indices and salt tolerance in different rice germplasm under the salt stress.Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,2003,4(3):245-251
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