不同植茶年限土壤中有机氮组分的变化
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摘要
为了探讨茶园土壤有机氮组分随植茶年限的变化,以金华市汤溪镇茶园为例,选取不同种植年限(10 a,20 a,30 a和40 a)的茶园土壤为研究对象,采用Bremner酸解法对土壤中有机氮各组分进行分析.结果表明:随着植茶年限的增长,茶园土壤全氮和有机氮各组分含量均呈增长趋势,与荒地相比较,植茶10 a,20 a,30 a和40 a全氮含量分别增长了139.02%,212.19%,248.78%和269.98%;氨态氮、氨基酸态氮、氨基糖态氮、未知态氮和非酸性氮的含量增幅为176.47%～281.57%,133.28%～253.42%,140.55%～246.82%,190.17%～263.55%和160.80%～303.63%;有机氮各组分占全氮比例的大小也随着植茶年限的延长发生变化,氨态氮、氨基酸态氮和未知态氮占全氮比例分别由20.94%,23.42%,22.32%下降至19.11%,22.47%,18.40%;氨基糖态氮的比例保持稳定;非酸性氮比例不断提高.
In order to explore the changes of soil organic nitrogen fractions with the age of tea plantation in tea garden, the soil of tea garden with different planting years(10 a, 20 a, 30 a and 40 a) was collected from Tangxi Town, Jinhua City, the organic nitrogen fractions in soil were analyzed by Bremner method. The results showed that: With the growth of planting years, soil total nitrogen and organic nitrogen content showed an upward trend. Compared with the control group, the total nitrogen contents of 10 a, 20 a, 30 a and 40 a planted tea increased by 139.02%, 212.19%, 248.78% and 269.98%. The levels of ammonia nitrogen, amino acid nitrogen, amino sugar nitrogen, unknown nitrogen and non-acid nitrogen increased by 176.47% to 281.57%, 133.28% to 253.42%, 140.55% to 246.82%, 190.17% to 263.55% and 160.80% to 303.63%. The proportion of organic nitrogen in total nitrogen also changed with the extension of the tea planting period. The ratios of ammonia nitrogen, amino acid nitrogen and nitrogen in the unknown state to total nitrogen decreased respectively from 20.94%, 23.42%, 22.32% to 19.11%, 22.47%, 18.40%. The proportion of amino sugar nitrogen remained stable, the proportion of non-acid nitrogen increased steadily.
In order to explore the changes of soil organic nitrogen fractions with the age of tea plantation in tea garden, the soil of tea garden with different planting years(10 a, 20 a, 30 a and 40 a) was collected from Tangxi Town, Jinhua City, the organic nitrogen fractions in soil were analyzed by Bremner method. The results showed that: With the growth of planting years, soil total nitrogen and organic nitrogen content showed an upward trend. Compared with the control group, the total nitrogen contents of 10 a, 20 a, 30 a and 40 a planted tea increased by 139.02%, 212.19%, 248.78% and 269.98%. The levels of ammonia nitrogen, amino acid nitrogen, amino sugar nitrogen, unknown nitrogen and non-acid nitrogen increased by 176.47% to 281.57%, 133.28% to 253.42%, 140.55% to 246.82%, 190.17% to 263.55% and 160.80% to 303.63%. The proportion of organic nitrogen in total nitrogen also changed with the extension of the tea planting period. The ratios of ammonia nitrogen, amino acid nitrogen and nitrogen in the unknown state to total nitrogen decreased respectively from 20.94%, 23.42%, 22.32% to 19.11%, 22.47%, 18.40%. The proportion of amino sugar nitrogen remained stable, the proportion of non-acid nitrogen increased steadily.
引文
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[20]LI L L,LI S T.Nitrogen mineralization from animal manures and its relation to organic N fractions[J].Journal of Integrative Agriculture,2014(13):2040-2048.
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[22]陈玉真,王峰,尤志明,等.不同类型茶园土壤氮素矿化特性及其与土壤性质的关系[J].福建农业学报,2015,30(7):679-684.
[23]GERARD H R,MARJOLEINE C H,ELLIS H,et al.Predicting soil N mineralization:Relevance of organic matter fractions and soil properties[J].Soil Biology & Biochemistry,2011,43(8):1714-1722.
[24]李菊梅,李生秀.可矿化氮与各有机氮组分的关系[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2003,9(2):158-164.
[2]周建朝,王秋红,王孝纯.土壤有机氮矿化特征和影响机理及对甜菜的启示[J].中国糖料,2014(1):65-67.
[3]张玉树.农业管理方式对亚热带土壤氮转化过程的影响[D].南京:南京师范大学,2015.
[4]李延升,杨普香,李琛,等.茶树施氮效应及茶园氮素流失特性、防治措施研究进展[J].蚕桑茶叶通讯,2017(2):16-19.
[5]许燕,孙云南,玉香甩,等.云南省景洪市茶园土壤肥力诊断与评价[J].山西农业科学,2016,44(11):1659-1663.
[6]郑丽燕.福建铁观音茶园氮钾供应能力及测土配方施肥研究[D].福州:福建农林大学,2008.
[7]宋储君.施肥结构对茶园土壤氮素的影响[D].南京:南京师范大学,2009.
[8]张玉玲,张玉龙,虞娜,等.长期不同施肥对水稻土有机氮素矿化特性影响的研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2008,14(2):272-276.
[9]鲁如坤.土壤农化分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000.
[10]STEVENSON F J.Nitrogen-organic forms[C]/ / PAGE A L.Methods of soil analysis.Part 2.Chemical and microbiological properties.Madison:America Society of Agronomy,1982:625-641.
[11]夏燕飞,张文会,沈向,等.有机质对苹果园土壤改良及对果实产量品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2012(21):177-180.
[12]高瑞风,王政,孙宁波,等.青岛市茶园土壤肥力及环境质量现状分析[J].青岛农业大学学报(自然科学版),2008,25(1):43-47.
[13]巩万合,刘蓉蓉,郁伟,等.南通市农田土壤有机质与全氮含量关系研究[J].现代农业科技,2014,4(2):222-223.
[14]张电学,韩志卿,吴素霞,等.不同施肥制度对褐土有机氮及其组分的影响[J].华北农学报,2017,32(3):201-206.
[15]徐坤,李世忠.不同种植年限苜蓿地土壤理化性状[J].草业科学,2015,11(32):1767-1773.
[16]文启孝.土壤有机质的组成,形成和分解[J].土壤,1984,6(3):121-129.
[17]吕贻忠.土壤学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006.
[18]姜慧敏,李树山,张建峰,等.外源化肥氮素在土壤有机氮库中的转化及关系[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014,20(6):1421-1430.
[19]陈保青.长期不同耕作土壤有机氮差异及当季还田秸秆对其矿化的影响[D].济南:山东农业大学,2013.
[20]LI L L,LI S T.Nitrogen mineralization from animal manures and its relation to organic N fractions[J].Journal of Integrative Agriculture,2014(13):2040-2048.
[21]王帘里,孙波.温度和土壤类型对氮素矿化的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2011,17(3):583-591.
[22]陈玉真,王峰,尤志明,等.不同类型茶园土壤氮素矿化特性及其与土壤性质的关系[J].福建农业学报,2015,30(7):679-684.
[23]GERARD H R,MARJOLEINE C H,ELLIS H,et al.Predicting soil N mineralization:Relevance of organic matter fractions and soil properties[J].Soil Biology & Biochemistry,2011,43(8):1714-1722.
[24]李菊梅,李生秀.可矿化氮与各有机氮组分的关系[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2003,9(2):158-164.