2017年北京市昌平区健康人群百日咳、白喉、破伤风抗体水平监测
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摘要
目的了解北京市昌平区健康人群百日咳、白喉、破伤风抗体水平,为制定免疫策略提供依据。方法 2017年采取多层抽样方法对360名健康人群采集血标本,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对血清进行百日咳、白喉、破伤风IgG抗体检测,分析不同年龄组、性别、户籍等之间抗体水平情况。结果昌平区健康人群百日咳、白喉、破伤风抗体阳性率分别为5.00%、59.44%、68.33%,抗体几何平均滴度(geometric mean concentration,GMC)分别为9.18、0.55、0.86 IU/ml。不同年龄组白喉、破伤风抗体水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。不同性别、户籍和免疫剂次人群间百日咳、白喉、破伤风抗体水平差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。接种末剂DTaP和/或DT和/或DTaP-IPV/Hib≤1年、2～5年、6～14年后的百日咳、白喉、破伤风抗体水平差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论昌平区15岁以上人群白喉、破伤风抗体阳性率较低,随着免疫后时间延长,百日咳、白喉、破伤风抗体水平均明显降低。应加强小月龄婴儿、青少年及成人百日咳、白喉、破伤风的监测,推荐15岁以上人群、与1岁以下儿童有密切接触的成人及医务人员接种1剂Tdap疫苗。
引文
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[2] 段飞云.大理地区2014年健康人群麻疹、白喉、甲型肝炎抗体水平及乙型肝炎表面抗体监测结果分析[J].中国卫生检验,2017,27(1):120-122.
[3] 徐宝祥,王复,朱水荣,等.浙江省2005-2007年健康人群白喉抗体水平监测分析[J].中国计划免疫,2008,14(1):48-49.
[4] 杨志伟,张兴录,于况进,等.我国白喉流行病学特点分析[J].中国计划免疫,2000,6(1):1-4.
[5] 李廷学,马运葵,余庆福,等.百白破联合疫苗常规免疫后白喉抗体水平监测分析[J].疾病监测,2007,22(5):320-321.
[6] 刘倩,丰达星,赵升,等.河南省健康人群百日咳、白喉、破伤风抗体水平分析[J].当代医学,2013,11(1):160-161.
[7] 刘刚,卢紫燕,林应和,等.深圳市2010-2013年百日咳流行病学特征及抗体水平分析[J].微生物学免疫学进展,2015,43(4):40-43.
[8] 鞠长燕,段永翔,陈辉.深圳市南山区1～15岁健康人群百日咳和白喉抗体水平调查[J].中国热带医学,2014,14(12):1446-1448.
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[10] Broder KR,Cortese MM,Iskander JK,et al.Preventing tetanus,diphtheria,and pertussis among adolescents:use of tetanus toxoid,reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccines recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices(ACIP)[J].MMWR Recomm Rep,2006,55(3):1-34.
[11] Nelson JD.The changing epidemiology of pertussis in young infants.The role of adults as reservoirs of infection[J].Am J Dis Child,1978,132(4):371-373.
[12] De Serres G,Shadmani R,Dival B,et al.Morbidity of pertussis in adolescents and adults[J].J Infect Dis,2000,182(1):174-179.
[13] Bisgard KM,Pascual FB,Ehresmann KR,et al.Infant pertussis:who was the source?[J].Pediatr Infect Dis J,2004,23(11):985-989.
[14] 徐鹭,丁筱竹,路坚.江苏省南京市30岁以下健康人群百日咳白喉破伤风血清学抗体水平监测[J].疾病监测,2010,25(12):958-961.
[15] Zhang Q,Han F,Nie Q,et al.Seroprevalence of antibodies to pertussis and diphtheria among healthy adults in China[J].J Infection,2011,63(6):441-446.
[16] Lambert HJ.Epidemiology of a small pertussis outbreak in Kent county,Michigan[J].Public Health Reports,1965,80(4):365-369.
[17] Grob PR,Crowder MJ,Robbins JF.Effect of vaccination on severity and dissemination of whooping cough[J].Br Med J (Clin Res Ed),1981,282(6280):1925-1928.
[18] Campins-Marti M,Cheng HK,Forsyth K,et al.Recommendations are needed for adolescent and adult pertussis immunisation:rationale and strategies for consideration[J].Vaccine,2001,20(5-6):641-646.
[2] 段飞云.大理地区2014年健康人群麻疹、白喉、甲型肝炎抗体水平及乙型肝炎表面抗体监测结果分析[J].中国卫生检验,2017,27(1):120-122.
[3] 徐宝祥,王复,朱水荣,等.浙江省2005-2007年健康人群白喉抗体水平监测分析[J].中国计划免疫,2008,14(1):48-49.
[4] 杨志伟,张兴录,于况进,等.我国白喉流行病学特点分析[J].中国计划免疫,2000,6(1):1-4.
[5] 李廷学,马运葵,余庆福,等.百白破联合疫苗常规免疫后白喉抗体水平监测分析[J].疾病监测,2007,22(5):320-321.
[6] 刘倩,丰达星,赵升,等.河南省健康人群百日咳、白喉、破伤风抗体水平分析[J].当代医学,2013,11(1):160-161.
[7] 刘刚,卢紫燕,林应和,等.深圳市2010-2013年百日咳流行病学特征及抗体水平分析[J].微生物学免疫学进展,2015,43(4):40-43.
[8] 鞠长燕,段永翔,陈辉.深圳市南山区1～15岁健康人群百日咳和白喉抗体水平调查[J].中国热带医学,2014,14(12):1446-1448.
[9] Long SS,Welkon CJ,Clark JL.Wildspread silent transmission of pertussis in families:antibody correlates of infection and symptomatotology[J].J Infect Dis,1990,161(3):480-486.
[10] Broder KR,Cortese MM,Iskander JK,et al.Preventing tetanus,diphtheria,and pertussis among adolescents:use of tetanus toxoid,reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccines recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices(ACIP)[J].MMWR Recomm Rep,2006,55(3):1-34.
[11] Nelson JD.The changing epidemiology of pertussis in young infants.The role of adults as reservoirs of infection[J].Am J Dis Child,1978,132(4):371-373.
[12] De Serres G,Shadmani R,Dival B,et al.Morbidity of pertussis in adolescents and adults[J].J Infect Dis,2000,182(1):174-179.
[13] Bisgard KM,Pascual FB,Ehresmann KR,et al.Infant pertussis:who was the source?[J].Pediatr Infect Dis J,2004,23(11):985-989.
[14] 徐鹭,丁筱竹,路坚.江苏省南京市30岁以下健康人群百日咳白喉破伤风血清学抗体水平监测[J].疾病监测,2010,25(12):958-961.
[15] Zhang Q,Han F,Nie Q,et al.Seroprevalence of antibodies to pertussis and diphtheria among healthy adults in China[J].J Infection,2011,63(6):441-446.
[16] Lambert HJ.Epidemiology of a small pertussis outbreak in Kent county,Michigan[J].Public Health Reports,1965,80(4):365-369.
[17] Grob PR,Crowder MJ,Robbins JF.Effect of vaccination on severity and dissemination of whooping cough[J].Br Med J (Clin Res Ed),1981,282(6280):1925-1928.
[18] Campins-Marti M,Cheng HK,Forsyth K,et al.Recommendations are needed for adolescent and adult pertussis immunisation:rationale and strategies for consideration[J].Vaccine,2001,20(5-6):641-646.