北京城市绿地三种常见林木冠层光合作用特征
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摘要
城市公园绿化树种的选择需要观测数据的支持,毛白杨、垂柳、白蜡是北京最常见的主要树种,因此夏季晴天在北京市海淀公园林地使用便携式光合作用测量系统LI-6400观测自然光照条件下上述3种林木冠层叶片的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、胞间CO_2浓度、气孔导度等光合生理指标,分析其日变化规律及影响因素。结果表明,净光合速率与蒸腾速率日变化趋势呈现单峰型或双峰型曲线,净光合速率、蒸腾速率的最高峰值分别在17. 0～22. 0μmol CO_2/(m~2·s)和1. 8～2. 3 mmol H_2O/(m~2·s)。毛白杨和白蜡光合参数的日均值相差不大,但毛白杨和白蜡的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度日均值均高于垂柳的日均值,胞间CO_2浓度日均值低于垂柳的日均值。林地冠层叶片的净光合速率与蒸腾速率呈显著的正相关关系(P <0. 05);净光合速率和蒸腾速率与气孔导度、光合有效辐射呈显著的正相关关系,此外净光合速率与胞间CO_2浓度呈显著的负相关关系。毛白杨和白蜡具有较强的光合作用能力,更适用于城市绿化。
In order to select tree species in the urban park,observation data are needed. Populus tomentosa,Salix babylonica and Fraxinus chinesis Roxb are the most common tree species in Beijing. The photosynthetic parameters among leaves within above three forest canopy,such as net photosynthetic rate (Pn),transpiration rate (Tr),intercellular CO_2 concentration (Ci) and stomatal conductance (Gs),were measured with LI—6400 portable photosynthesis system in Haidian Park in summer daytime. Then their diurnal changes and influenced factors were analyzed. Result shows that the diurnal changes of Pn and Tr take on a single-peak or double-peak curves. The maximums of Pn and Tr range 17. 0 ～ 22. 0 μmol CO_2/ (m~2·s) and 1. 8 ～ 2. 3 mmol H_2O/ (m~2·s) respectively.The diurnal averages of photosynthetic parameters of Populus tomentosa and Fraxinus chinesis Roxb are basically similar. However for Populus tomentosa and Fraxinus chinesis Roxb,their diurnal averages of Pn,Tr and Gs are higher than those of Salix babylonica,while their diurnal averages of Ci are lower than that of Salix babylonica.There is a significant positive relation between Pn and Tr with P < 0. 05. Both Pn and Tr show significant positive relation with Gs and photosynthetic active radiation,PAR. Besides,Pn has a significant negative relationship with Ci. Populus tomentosa and Fraxinus chinesis Roxb are better choice for urban greening with stronger photosynthetic capacity.
In order to select tree species in the urban park,observation data are needed. Populus tomentosa,Salix babylonica and Fraxinus chinesis Roxb are the most common tree species in Beijing. The photosynthetic parameters among leaves within above three forest canopy,such as net photosynthetic rate (Pn),transpiration rate (Tr),intercellular CO_2 concentration (Ci) and stomatal conductance (Gs),were measured with LI—6400 portable photosynthesis system in Haidian Park in summer daytime. Then their diurnal changes and influenced factors were analyzed. Result shows that the diurnal changes of Pn and Tr take on a single-peak or double-peak curves. The maximums of Pn and Tr range 17. 0 ～ 22. 0 μmol CO_2/ (m~2·s) and 1. 8 ～ 2. 3 mmol H_2O/ (m~2·s) respectively.The diurnal averages of photosynthetic parameters of Populus tomentosa and Fraxinus chinesis Roxb are basically similar. However for Populus tomentosa and Fraxinus chinesis Roxb,their diurnal averages of Pn,Tr and Gs are higher than those of Salix babylonica,while their diurnal averages of Ci are lower than that of Salix babylonica.There is a significant positive relation between Pn and Tr with P < 0. 05. Both Pn and Tr show significant positive relation with Gs and photosynthetic active radiation,PAR. Besides,Pn has a significant negative relationship with Ci. Populus tomentosa and Fraxinus chinesis Roxb are better choice for urban greening with stronger photosynthetic capacity.
引文
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15 Meng F J,Peng M,Pang H Y,et al.Comparison of photosynthesis and leaf ultrastructure on two black locust(Robinia pseudoacacia L.)[J].Biochemical Systematics and Ecology,2014,55(8):170-175
2杨泽粟,张强,郝小翠,等.半干旱雨养地区春小麦气孔导度和胞间CO2浓度对环境因子的响应[J].科学技术与工程,2014,14(33):20-27Yang Zesu,Zhang Qiang,Hao Xiaocui,et al.The response of stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2of spring wheat to climatic factors in semi-arid rain-fed region of loess plateau[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2014,14(33):20-27
3李征珍,石莎,李熙萌,等.毛乌素沙地2种蒿属植物光合作用特征[J].东北林业大学学报,2017,45(9):31-34Li Zhengzhen,Shi Sha,Li Ximeng,et al.Photosynthetic characteristics in two Artemisia species in Maowusu sandy land[J].Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2017,45(9):31-34
4李征珍,杨琼,石莎,等.蒙古沙冬青光合作用特征及其影响因素[J].生态学杂志,2017,36(9):2481-2488Li Zhengzhen,Yang Qiong,Shi Sha,et al.The photosynthetic characteristics of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus and its affecting factors[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2017,36(9):2481-2488
5丁俊祥,邹杰,唐立松,等.克里雅河流域荒漠-绿洲交错带3种不同生活型植物的光合特性[J].生态学报,2015,35(3):733-741Ding Junxiang,Zou Jie,Tang Lisong,et al.Photosynthetic characteristics of three different life-form plants in the desert-oasis ecotone of Keriya river basin[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(3):733-741
6 Bowling D R,Logan B A,Hufkens K,et al.Limitations to winter and spring photosynthesis of a Rocky Mountain subalpine forest[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,2018,252(4):241-255
7 Montanaro G,Tuzio A,Xylogiannis E,et al.Carbon budget in a Mediterranean peach orchard under different management practices[J].Agriculture Ecosystems&Environment,2017,238(2):104-113
8崔西甜,袁凤辉,王安志,等.蒙古栎叶片光合作用随叶龄的变化及其与叶片功能性状的关系[J].生态学杂志,2017,36(11):3160-3167Cui Xitian,Yuan Fenghui,Wang Anzhi,et al.Leaf age-related changes in photosynthesis of Quercus mongolica leaves in relation to leaf functional traits[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2017,36(11):3160-3167
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10任博,李俊,同小娟,等.太行山南麓栓皮栎和刺槐光合作用-CO2响应模拟[J].应用生态学报,2018,29(1):1-10Ren Bo,Li Jun,Tong Xiaojuan,et al.Simulation on photosynthetic-CO2response of Quercus variabilis and Robinia pseudoacacia in the southern foot of the Taihang Mountain,China[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2018,29(1):1-10
11李林锋,吴小凤,刘素青.湛江5种红树林树种光合作用特性及光合固碳能力研究[J].广西植物,2015,35(6):825-832Li Linfeng,Wu Xiaofeng,Liu Suqing.Characteristics of photosynthesis and photosynthetic carbon fixation capacity of five mangrove tree species in Zhanjiang City[J].Guihaia,2015,35(6):825-832
12 Biswas S,Bala S,Mazumdar A,et al.Diurnal and seasonal carbon sequestration potential of seven broadleaved species in a mixed deciduous forest in India[J].Atmospheric Environment,2014,89(6):827-834
13木斯塔帕·海比布,吾木提汗·卡克木,加帕尔·卡迪尔.干旱胁迫下不同类型野生杏光合作用比较[J].新疆农业科学,2016,53(11):2047-2054Mustapa Habibul,Umetkan Kakem,Jappar Kader.The comparison of photosynthesis in different types of wild Apricot under water stress[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,2016,53(11):2047-2054
14季琳琳,方建民.两种耐水湿树种光合作用及其影响因子初探[J].山西农业大学学报(自然科学版),2015,35(1):442-446Ji Linlin,Fang Jianmin.Study on photosynthesis and its influencing factors of two types of water resistant plants[J].Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition),2015,35(1):442-446
15 Meng F J,Peng M,Pang H Y,et al.Comparison of photosynthesis and leaf ultrastructure on two black locust(Robinia pseudoacacia L.)[J].Biochemical Systematics and Ecology,2014,55(8):170-175