高温导热系数仪测量硅酸铝板的测量不确定度评估
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摘要
介绍了一套防护热板法导热系数测量装置,采用耐高温不锈钢板加工护热板与计量板,热电堆控制量护温差,PT100型铂电阻温度传感器控制温度,金属杆式二等标准铂电阻温度计测量样品热面与冷面的温度,安捷伦3 458A多功能数字表测量0.01Ω标准电阻与计量板加热器电压计量板的热量,冷板上安装位移传感器实时测量受热样品的厚度.测量装置的工作温度高达500℃,装置温控精度大约为0.01℃,研究了不同温度下硅酸铝板的导热系数,测量500℃条件下硅酸铝板的导热系数为0.164 3W/(m·℃),测量装置的测量不确定度主要来源于计量面积、样品厚度、冷板与热板温度和热流等,相对测量不确定度为1.8%.
A thermal conductivity measuring instrument has been developed based on guarded heat plate technique.The guard heat plate and metre plate were made from high-temperature stainless steel,and the temperature difference between guard heat plate and metre plate was measured by four pairs of tpye Kthermocouples located in two plates respectively.The temperature of metre plate was controled by type PT 100 platinum resistance temperature sensor and measured by secondary platinum resistance thermometer.The heat of metre plate was calculated by 0.01Ωstandard resistor and resistor of heater in metre plate through measuring their voltage by aglient 3458 adigital multimeter.The expansion of sample during measuring process was detected by linear displacement sensors located in upside of cold plate.The work temperature is up to 500 ℃ and the temperature control accuracy is about 0.01 ℃.Thermal transmissivity of aluminium silicate board at different temperatures have been researched.The uncertainties of measurement basically comes from metre plate area,specimen thickness,temperature of cold plate,temperature of metre plate and heat flux.The thermal transmissivity of aluminium silicate board is 0.164 3 W/(m·℃)and the combined relative uncertainties is about 1.8%.
A thermal conductivity measuring instrument has been developed based on guarded heat plate technique.The guard heat plate and metre plate were made from high-temperature stainless steel,and the temperature difference between guard heat plate and metre plate was measured by four pairs of tpye Kthermocouples located in two plates respectively.The temperature of metre plate was controled by type PT 100 platinum resistance temperature sensor and measured by secondary platinum resistance thermometer.The heat of metre plate was calculated by 0.01Ωstandard resistor and resistor of heater in metre plate through measuring their voltage by aglient 3458 adigital multimeter.The expansion of sample during measuring process was detected by linear displacement sensors located in upside of cold plate.The work temperature is up to 500 ℃ and the temperature control accuracy is about 0.01 ℃.Thermal transmissivity of aluminium silicate board at different temperatures have been researched.The uncertainties of measurement basically comes from metre plate area,specimen thickness,temperature of cold plate,temperature of metre plate and heat flux.The thermal transmissivity of aluminium silicate board is 0.164 3 W/(m·℃)and the combined relative uncertainties is about 1.8%.
引文
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[3]汪洪军,张金涛,段宇宁.保护热板装置的近代发展与国际比对介绍[J].现代测量与实验室管理,2005(1):13-16.Wang Hongjun,Zhang Jintao,Duan Yuning.Introduction to the modern development and international comparison of protective hot plate apparatus[J].Advanced measurement and laboratory management,2005(1):13-16.(in Chinese)
[4]邓建兵,张金涛,舒水明.固体材料导热率测量标准装置的研究[J].现代测量与实验室管理,2006(5):3-6.Deng Jianbing,Zhang Jintao,Shu Shuiming.Research on standard device for measuring thermal conductivity of solid materials[J].Advanced measurement and laboratory management,2006(5):3-6.(in Chinese)
[5]Clark Stacey,Thermal Conductivity Metrology at NPL[S].Annual Meeting of TC Therm,2010,Thessaloniki,April14th:1-17.
[6]Robert R.Zarr.Assessment of Uncertainties for theNIST 1016mm Guarded-Hot-Plate pparatus:Extended Analysis for Low-Density Fibrous-Glass Thermal Insulation[J].J.Res.Natl.Inst.Stand.Technol.,2010,115:23-59.
[7]Rennex B G.Error analysis for the national bureau of standards 1016mm guarded hot plate[J].Journal of Thermal Insulation,1983(7):18-51.
[8]苗恩铭.精密零件热膨胀及材料精确热膨胀系数研究[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2004.
[9]GB/T10294-2008.绝热材料稳态热阻及有关特性的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.