基于空间自相关的耕地质量空间差异特征及耕地保护分区——以江西省上高县为例
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摘要
为了掌握与分析耕地质量空间分布格局,切实提高耕地质量水平与加强耕地保护建设,选取耕地质量等别监测试点县上高县为研究区,运用加权平均法和空间自相关分析法,以国家级耕地质量指数为空间变量,从县级、乡镇级和村级等尺度上探讨了耕地质量的空间分异规律,最终基于耕地质量局部空间自相关分析结果提出了耕地保护分区方案。结果表明:(1)上高县耕地质量呈现出西南低东北高的空间分布规律,耕地质量等指数Moran′s I值表现为利用等指数>自然等指数>经济等指数,三者均呈显著的空间正自相关集聚态势。(2)随着空间尺度的不同,耕地质量指数具有不同的空间关联度,利用等指数受空间尺度影响较大,经济等指数其次,自然等指数最小。(3)正相关HH型和LL型耕地以组团形式聚集分布,负相关HL型和LH型耕地无明显的集中区域,多以零星状分布。(4)综合考虑上高县耕地质量3个层次的空间自相关类型及顺序组合,将耕地划分为6个耕地保护分区,并提出了相应的保护措施。研究结果可为区域高标准基本农田建设、耕地质量监测和耕地保护与管理分区提供借鉴参考。
To strengthen the construction of cultivated land quality and improve the new pattern of cultivated land protection,based on the weighted average method and spatial autocorrelation analysis to analyze the spatial characteristics of cultivated land quality,Shanggao County,the cultivated land quality monitoring experimental unit county,was selected as the study area.Introducing the land natural grade index,using grade index and economical grade index as the spatial variables,taking map spot of cultivated land as a unit of spatial autocorrelation analysis,we discussed and explored the differences of spatial characteristics of cultivated land quality at county,township and village scales,and put forward some kinds of protection measures based on local spatial autocorrelation.The results showed that:firstly,cultivated land quality index was low in the southwest and high in the northeast in Shanggao County;the Moran′s Ivalue of land natural grade index wasthe highest,followed by the land economical grade index and land use grade index,cultivated land quality exhibited significant aggregation of global spatial distribution in Shanggao County;secondly,we found that different types of cultivated land quality indexes had different spatial correlation with a strong degree of concentration at different spatial scales;on the influence degree of spatial scales,land use grade index was stronger,land natural index came next,and land economical grade index was the weakest;thirdly,the positive spatial autocorrelation of cultivated land including the high-high type and the low-low type emerged as the shapes of cluster and had the powerful agglomeration in the form of group,while the negative spatial autocorrelation including the high-low type and low-high type was fragmentary distribution;finally,considering the spatial autocorrelation type of cultivated land quality in Shanggao County,we divided the cultivated land into six protection zones,and put forward a series of corresponding protection measures.The results of the study will provide a reference for well facilitating basic farmland construction,the regional cultivated land quality monitoring,cultivated land protection and management of partition,quality improvement and space pattern optimization.
To strengthen the construction of cultivated land quality and improve the new pattern of cultivated land protection,based on the weighted average method and spatial autocorrelation analysis to analyze the spatial characteristics of cultivated land quality,Shanggao County,the cultivated land quality monitoring experimental unit county,was selected as the study area.Introducing the land natural grade index,using grade index and economical grade index as the spatial variables,taking map spot of cultivated land as a unit of spatial autocorrelation analysis,we discussed and explored the differences of spatial characteristics of cultivated land quality at county,township and village scales,and put forward some kinds of protection measures based on local spatial autocorrelation.The results showed that:firstly,cultivated land quality index was low in the southwest and high in the northeast in Shanggao County;the Moran′s Ivalue of land natural grade index wasthe highest,followed by the land economical grade index and land use grade index,cultivated land quality exhibited significant aggregation of global spatial distribution in Shanggao County;secondly,we found that different types of cultivated land quality indexes had different spatial correlation with a strong degree of concentration at different spatial scales;on the influence degree of spatial scales,land use grade index was stronger,land natural index came next,and land economical grade index was the weakest;thirdly,the positive spatial autocorrelation of cultivated land including the high-high type and the low-low type emerged as the shapes of cluster and had the powerful agglomeration in the form of group,while the negative spatial autocorrelation including the high-low type and low-high type was fragmentary distribution;finally,considering the spatial autocorrelation type of cultivated land quality in Shanggao County,we divided the cultivated land into six protection zones,and put forward a series of corresponding protection measures.The results of the study will provide a reference for well facilitating basic farmland construction,the regional cultivated land quality monitoring,cultivated land protection and management of partition,quality improvement and space pattern optimization.
引文
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[13]赵丹,赵华甫,饶杰,等.基于趋势面的耕地质量空间分异特征及影响因素[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(6):219-223.
[14]陈镜宇,龚涛,陈运春,等.云南乌蒙山片区耕地自然质量等空间分布特征[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(3):214-220.
[15]宋成舜,匡兵,罗丽,等.耕地综合价值视角下武汉城市圈耕地保护补偿标准[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(2):330-335.
[16]李武艳,朱从谋,王华,等.浙江省耕地质量多尺度空间自相关分析[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(23):239-245.
[17]郭晓飞,李建华,李成学,等.基于多尺度的祥云县县域耕地自然质量空间分布特征分析[J].云南农业大学学报:自然科学,2016,31(5):923-929.
[2]徐明岗,卢昌艾,张文菊,等.我国耕地质量状况与提升对策[J].中国农业资源与区划,2016,37(7):8-14.
[3]刘霈珈,吴克宁,赵华甫.基于农用地分等与土地质量地球化学评估的耕地质量监测类型研究[J].资源科学,2015,37(1):37-44.
[4]韦仕川,熊昌盛,栾乔林,等.基于耕地质量指数局部空间自相关的耕地保护分区[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(18):249-256.
[5]陈诚,林晨.苏南地区耕地质量评价与分区保护研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2016,25(12):1860-1869.
[6]黄厅厅,卢德彬,杨建.基于GIS的省级耕地质量综合评价及时空演变分析:以贵州省为例[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(3):253-257.
[7]路婕,李玲,吴克宁,等.基于农用地分等和土壤环境质量评价的耕地综合质量评价[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(2):323-329.
[8]张凤荣,安萍莉,王军艳,等.耕地分等中的土壤质量指标体系与分等方法[J].资源科学,2002,24(2):71-75.
[9]马建辉,吴克宁,赵华甫,等.基于农用地分等的耕地质量动态监测体系研究[J].中国农业资源与区划,2013,34(5):133-139.
[10]伍育鹏,郧文聚,李武艳.用标准样地进行耕地质量动态监测与预警探讨[J].中国土地科学,2006,20(4):40-45.
[11]张秋霞,张合兵,刘文锴,等.新郑市耕地生态安全动态预警研究[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(1):256-264.
[12]赵小敏,艾亮辉,郭熙.基于GIS的江西省中低产田等级评价和改造研究[J].江西农业大学学报:自然科学版,2003,25(4):519-522.
[13]赵丹,赵华甫,饶杰,等.基于趋势面的耕地质量空间分异特征及影响因素[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(6):219-223.
[14]陈镜宇,龚涛,陈运春,等.云南乌蒙山片区耕地自然质量等空间分布特征[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(3):214-220.
[15]宋成舜,匡兵,罗丽,等.耕地综合价值视角下武汉城市圈耕地保护补偿标准[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(2):330-335.
[16]李武艳,朱从谋,王华,等.浙江省耕地质量多尺度空间自相关分析[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(23):239-245.
[17]郭晓飞,李建华,李成学,等.基于多尺度的祥云县县域耕地自然质量空间分布特征分析[J].云南农业大学学报:自然科学,2016,31(5):923-929.