山地丘陵区村级尺度耕地质量评价及保护分区
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摘要
科学开展耕地质量评价,合理划定耕地保护分区,是实现耕地差异化保护和管理的重要前提。研究采用空间自相关方法,以重庆市荣昌区为例,以国家等耕地质量指数为空间变量,从村级尺度探讨山地丘陵区耕地质量的空间关联性与集聚特征,并基于局部空间自相关分析结果提出了耕地保护分区方案。结果表明:(1)荣昌区耕地质量全局空间上呈现较弱正相关性,全局Moran′s I值表现为耕地等别指数>利用等指数>自然等指数;局部空间上呈现较强变异特征,70%以上空间类型表现为随机分布,正相关类型(HH型和LL型)多以"组团"形态存在,负相关类型(LH型)以"点状"形态存在;(2)基于局部空间自相关类型特征及顺序组合,将耕地保护划分为重点保护区、重点改良区、适度改良区和适度调整区4类,并针对性提出耕地保护措施及管控说明。因此,在自然地理条件欠佳的山地丘陵区,研究结果可为各级行政主体精准有效地实施耕地保护和质量建设提供参考。
The quality evaluation and protection zoning of cultivated land are effective ways to promote the differential protection and management.Taking Rongchang District of Chongqing as example,we studied the spatial autocorrelation and agglomerate characteristics of cultivated land on village scale.Cultivated land quality index was used as the spatial variable,the method of spatial autocorrelation was employed,and the protection partition scheme was put forward based on the analysis results.Firstly,the overall spatial distribution of cultivated land in Rongchang District was relatively weak and positive correlation;for the Moran′s I value,spatial correlation of the grade index was strongest,followed by the use index and the natural index;the variation characteristics were obvious in local space,over 70 percent of spatial types presented the pattern of random distribution.The positive correlation types(HH and LL types)existed in the form of‘group',and the negative correlation type(LH type)existed in the‘point'form.Secondly,according to characteristics and sequential combination of local spatial autocorrelation type,the protection zone of cultivated land was divided into four sub-regions including the major reserve region,the major improved region,and the moderate improved region and the moderate adjustment region.The protection measures were put forward correspondingly,which guides different village-level units to protect and improve farmlands.Therefore,in hilly area with poor geographical conditions,such as Rongchang District,the study results could provide references to implement the comprehensive protection and quality construction of cultivated land accurately and effectively.
The quality evaluation and protection zoning of cultivated land are effective ways to promote the differential protection and management.Taking Rongchang District of Chongqing as example,we studied the spatial autocorrelation and agglomerate characteristics of cultivated land on village scale.Cultivated land quality index was used as the spatial variable,the method of spatial autocorrelation was employed,and the protection partition scheme was put forward based on the analysis results.Firstly,the overall spatial distribution of cultivated land in Rongchang District was relatively weak and positive correlation;for the Moran′s I value,spatial correlation of the grade index was strongest,followed by the use index and the natural index;the variation characteristics were obvious in local space,over 70 percent of spatial types presented the pattern of random distribution.The positive correlation types(HH and LL types)existed in the form of‘group',and the negative correlation type(LH type)existed in the‘point'form.Secondly,according to characteristics and sequential combination of local spatial autocorrelation type,the protection zone of cultivated land was divided into four sub-regions including the major reserve region,the major improved region,and the moderate improved region and the moderate adjustment region.The protection measures were put forward correspondingly,which guides different village-level units to protect and improve farmlands.Therefore,in hilly area with poor geographical conditions,such as Rongchang District,the study results could provide references to implement the comprehensive protection and quality construction of cultivated land accurately and effectively.
引文
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[14]王树涛,许策,李子良,等.县域尺度耕地生产能力的空间变异[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(17):230-239.
[15]秦元伟,赵庚星,董超,等.乡镇级耕地质量综合评价及其时空演变分析[J].自然资源学报,2010,25(3):454-464.
[16]刘露,周生路,田兴,等.不同比例尺下耕地质量分等结果的差异及影响因素研究[J].自然资源学报,2016,31(4):629-638.
[17]张贞,魏朝富,尚慧.丘陵山区耕地质量的空间格局分析[J].长江流域资源与环境,2010,19(8):901-907.
[18]熊昌盛,韦仕川,栾乔林,等.基于Moran′s I分析方法的耕地质量空间差异研究:以广东省广宁县为例[J].资源科学,2014,36(10):2066-2074.
[19]李武艳,朱从谋,王华,等.浙江省耕地质量多尺度空间自相关分析[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(23):239-245.
[20]韦仕川,熊昌盛,栾乔林,等.基于耕地质量指数局部空间自相关的耕地保护分区[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(18):249-256.
[21]党国锋,朱晨.基于空间自相关分析的山区耕地质量分区研究:以陇南市武都区为例[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(36):131-138.
[22]陈藜藜,宋戈,邹朝晖,等.基于改进局部空间自相关分析的萝北县耕地保护分区[J].资源科学,2016,38(10):1871-1882.
[23] Overmars K P,De Koning G H,Veldkamp J A.Spatialautocorrelation in multi-scale land use models[J].Ecologicalmodelling,2003,16(4):257-270.
[24] Anselin L.Local indicators of spatial association-LISA[J].Geographical-Analysis,1995,27(2):93-115.
[25]熊昌盛,栾乔林,韦仕川.基于空间自相关的耕地质量分布格局[J].地域研究与开发,2016,35(5):128-132,148.
[26]宋戈,李丹,梁海鸥,等.松嫩高平原黑土区耕地质量特征及其空间分异:以黑龙江省巴彦县为例[J].经济地理,2012,32(7):129-134.
[2]徐明岗,卢昌艾,张文菊,等.我国耕地质量状况与提升对策[J].中国农业资源与区划,2016,37(7):8-14.
[3] Yang Z,Yu T,Hou Q,et al.Geochemical evaluation of land quality in China and its applications[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,2014,139(1):122-135.
[4]赵建军,张洪岩,王野乔,等.基于AHP和GIS的省级耕地质量评价研究:以吉林省为例[J].土壤通报,2012,43(1):70-75.
[5]于东升,张广星,张忠启,等.BIO-NORM与NORM耕地质量评价方法对比研究[J].土壤学报,2011,48(2):238-245.
[6]魏洪斌,吴克宁,赵华甫,等.中国中部粮食主产区耕地等别空间分布特征[J].资源科学,2015,37(8):1552-1560.
[7]陈诚,林晨.苏南地区耕地质量评价与分区保护研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2016,25(12):1860-1869.
[8]石淑芹,陈佑启,姚艳敏,等.东北地区耕地自然质量和利用质量评价[J].资源科学,2008,30(3):378-384.
[9]侯现慧,王占岐,杨俊.富硒区耕地质量评价及利用分区研究:以福建省三元区为例[J].资源科学,2015,37(7):1367-1375.
[10] Zhou R,Wu Y,Hai C,et al.Comprehensive Evaluation of Cultivated Land Quality Based on GIS in Tumote Right Banner of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region[M]∥Geo-Informatics in Resource Management and Sustainable Ecosystem.Springer,Berlin,Heidelberg,2013:499-508.
[11]杜昭阳,辛磊,李超,等.基于质量评价的耕地建设分区研究:以河北省望都县为例[J].农业现代化研究,2013,34(6):733-737.
[12]孔祥斌,张青璞.中国西部区耕地等别空间分布特征[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(22):1-7.
[13] Wang Z,Wang L,Xu R,et al.GIS and RS based assessment of cultivated land quality of Shandong province[J].Procedia Environmental Sciences,2012,12(4):823-830.
[14]王树涛,许策,李子良,等.县域尺度耕地生产能力的空间变异[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(17):230-239.
[15]秦元伟,赵庚星,董超,等.乡镇级耕地质量综合评价及其时空演变分析[J].自然资源学报,2010,25(3):454-464.
[16]刘露,周生路,田兴,等.不同比例尺下耕地质量分等结果的差异及影响因素研究[J].自然资源学报,2016,31(4):629-638.
[17]张贞,魏朝富,尚慧.丘陵山区耕地质量的空间格局分析[J].长江流域资源与环境,2010,19(8):901-907.
[18]熊昌盛,韦仕川,栾乔林,等.基于Moran′s I分析方法的耕地质量空间差异研究:以广东省广宁县为例[J].资源科学,2014,36(10):2066-2074.
[19]李武艳,朱从谋,王华,等.浙江省耕地质量多尺度空间自相关分析[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(23):239-245.
[20]韦仕川,熊昌盛,栾乔林,等.基于耕地质量指数局部空间自相关的耕地保护分区[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(18):249-256.
[21]党国锋,朱晨.基于空间自相关分析的山区耕地质量分区研究:以陇南市武都区为例[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(36):131-138.
[22]陈藜藜,宋戈,邹朝晖,等.基于改进局部空间自相关分析的萝北县耕地保护分区[J].资源科学,2016,38(10):1871-1882.
[23] Overmars K P,De Koning G H,Veldkamp J A.Spatialautocorrelation in multi-scale land use models[J].Ecologicalmodelling,2003,16(4):257-270.
[24] Anselin L.Local indicators of spatial association-LISA[J].Geographical-Analysis,1995,27(2):93-115.
[25]熊昌盛,栾乔林,韦仕川.基于空间自相关的耕地质量分布格局[J].地域研究与开发,2016,35(5):128-132,148.
[26]宋戈,李丹,梁海鸥,等.松嫩高平原黑土区耕地质量特征及其空间分异:以黑龙江省巴彦县为例[J].经济地理,2012,32(7):129-134.