江苏省耕地占补过程的时空特征及驱动机理
|
摘要
基于1987、2000、2005和2010年4个时点的土地利用动态监测数据,运用重心模型、区位基尼系数、地理集中度、地理探测器模型,分析江苏省1987—2010年耕地占补时空特征及其主要驱动因子。结果显示:11987—2010年江苏省耕地占用和补充的数量均持续增加,速度不断加快,且大部分发生在平原地区,苏南地区比例较高,占用和补充的水田比例都较高。2在1987—2000年、2000—2005年、2005—2010年3个监测时段,耕地占用的重心先向南移动,又大幅度向北移动,耕地补充的重心则持续由苏北移向苏南,三大地区的占补平衡率存在较大差异。3耕地占用的主要去向是建设占用,50.83%是农村居民点占用;耕地补充的主要途径是土地整治和农业结构调整,其中59.63%的补充耕地来源于农村居民点整理。4从整个监测时段来看,区域经济发展水平与耕地占用和补充数量的空间分布一致性最高,不同监测时段主要驱动因素不同,2005—2010年非经济因素的驱动作用增强。江苏省耕地占补时空特征具有明显的差异性,经济因素是其主要驱动因子,应合理调整产业布局和区域整体规划,保护耕地,促进城乡社会经济协调发展。
The purpose of this study is to analysis the spatial- temporal characteristics and driving mechanisms of cropland occupation and supplement in Jiangsu province from 1987 to 2010. The research methods included the gravity model, locational Gini- coefficient, geographic concentration and geographical detectors. The results show that: 1) the quantity and speed of cropland occupation and supplement continue to increase and most occur in plain area, the ratio is higher in the south of Jiangsu, the ratio of paddy field is higher both in occupation and supplement. 2) In the three monitoring period of 1987- 2000,2000- 2005 and 2005- 2010, the center of gravity of the cropland occupation move southward first, then move north sharply, the center of gravity of the cropland supplement move from the north to the south of Jiangsu. There are large differences in the balance rate of cropland occupation and supplement between three regions. 3) The main occupation of cropland is construction, 50.83% is the construction of rural residential areas. The main supplement of cropland is land consolidation and agricultural structure adjustment, 59.63% of them come from the reclamation of rural residential areas. 4) The spatial distribution consistency between regional economic development level and cropland occupation and supplement quantity is the highest during 1987- 2010, the main driving factors are different during different monitoring period, and the non-economic driving factors enhanced during 2005-2010.The paper conclude that the spatial- temporal characteristics of cropland occupation and supplement have obvious differences, and economic factors are the main driving factors. In order to protect cropland and promote social and economic coordinated development, industrial layout and the overall regional planning should be adjusted reasonably.
The purpose of this study is to analysis the spatial- temporal characteristics and driving mechanisms of cropland occupation and supplement in Jiangsu province from 1987 to 2010. The research methods included the gravity model, locational Gini- coefficient, geographic concentration and geographical detectors. The results show that: 1) the quantity and speed of cropland occupation and supplement continue to increase and most occur in plain area, the ratio is higher in the south of Jiangsu, the ratio of paddy field is higher both in occupation and supplement. 2) In the three monitoring period of 1987- 2000,2000- 2005 and 2005- 2010, the center of gravity of the cropland occupation move southward first, then move north sharply, the center of gravity of the cropland supplement move from the north to the south of Jiangsu. There are large differences in the balance rate of cropland occupation and supplement between three regions. 3) The main occupation of cropland is construction, 50.83% is the construction of rural residential areas. The main supplement of cropland is land consolidation and agricultural structure adjustment, 59.63% of them come from the reclamation of rural residential areas. 4) The spatial distribution consistency between regional economic development level and cropland occupation and supplement quantity is the highest during 1987- 2010, the main driving factors are different during different monitoring period, and the non-economic driving factors enhanced during 2005-2010.The paper conclude that the spatial- temporal characteristics of cropland occupation and supplement have obvious differences, and economic factors are the main driving factors. In order to protect cropland and promote social and economic coordinated development, industrial layout and the overall regional planning should be adjusted reasonably.
引文
[1]Liu J Y,Kuang W H,Zhang Z X,et al.Spatiotemporal characteristics,patterns,and causes of land-use changes in China since the late 1980s[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2014,24(2):195-210.
[2]史娟,张凤荣,赵婷婷.1998年~2006年中国耕地资源的时空变化特征[J].资源科学,2008,30(8):1 191-1 198.
[3]赵晓丽,张增祥,汪潇,等.中国近30a耕地变化时空特征及其主要原因分析[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(3):1-11.
[4]IIASA.Can China Feed ItselfA System for Evaluation of Policy Options by Gerhard K.Heilig[EB/OL].http://www.iia-sa.ac.at/Research/SRD/China Food/index_m.htm,1999-08-23.
[5]杜国明,李昀,于凤荣,等.基于遥感的2000—2009年三江平原北部耕地变化特征分析[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(1):225-229.
[6]马彩虹,任志远,李小燕.黄土台塬区土地利用转移流及空间集聚特征分析[J].地理学报,2013,68(2):257-267.
[7]许丽丽,李宝林,袁烨城,等.2000—2010年中国耕地变化与耕地占补平衡政策效果分析[J].资源科学,2015,37(8):1 543-1 551.
[8]曾永年,靳文凭,王慧敏,等.青海高原东部农业区耕地流失及其评价[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(21):214-222.
[9]孙强,蔡运龙,王文博.北京耕地流失的时空动态与调控途径研究[J].地理科学进展,2006,25(6):108-116,159.
[10]何如海,姜海,张效军.近年我国新增耕地资源结构变化:成因与启示[J].干旱区资源与环境,2005,19(6):131-134.
[11]王秀兰,包玉海.土地利用动态变化研究方法探讨[J].地理科学进展,1999,18(1):83-89.
[12]张维阳,段学军,高金龙,等.中国高新技术产业的地理格局与地理集中[J].长江流域资源与环境,2011,20(7):830-836.
[13]司马卫平,何强,夏安林,等.人工湿地处理城市污水效能的影响因素分析[J].环境工程学报,2008,2(3):319-323.
[14]王劲峰,廖一兰,刘鑫.空间数据分析教程[M].北京:科学出版社,2010:50-55.
[15]刘彦随,杨忍.中国县域城镇化的空间特征与形成机理[J].地理学报,2012,67(8):1011-1020.
[16]李月娇,杨小唤,程传周,等.近几年来中国耕地占补的空间分异特征[J].资源科学,2012,34(9):1671-1 680.
[17]Zhang T W.Community features and urban sprawl:the case of the Chicago metropolitan region[J].Land Use Policy,2001(18):221–232.
(1)年均占用率=研究期内年均耕地被占用的面积/期初耕地总面积的比值。
(2)年均补充率=研究期内年均补充耕地的面积/期初耕地总面积的比值。
[2]史娟,张凤荣,赵婷婷.1998年~2006年中国耕地资源的时空变化特征[J].资源科学,2008,30(8):1 191-1 198.
[3]赵晓丽,张增祥,汪潇,等.中国近30a耕地变化时空特征及其主要原因分析[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(3):1-11.
[4]IIASA.Can China Feed ItselfA System for Evaluation of Policy Options by Gerhard K.Heilig[EB/OL].http://www.iia-sa.ac.at/Research/SRD/China Food/index_m.htm,1999-08-23.
[5]杜国明,李昀,于凤荣,等.基于遥感的2000—2009年三江平原北部耕地变化特征分析[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(1):225-229.
[6]马彩虹,任志远,李小燕.黄土台塬区土地利用转移流及空间集聚特征分析[J].地理学报,2013,68(2):257-267.
[7]许丽丽,李宝林,袁烨城,等.2000—2010年中国耕地变化与耕地占补平衡政策效果分析[J].资源科学,2015,37(8):1 543-1 551.
[8]曾永年,靳文凭,王慧敏,等.青海高原东部农业区耕地流失及其评价[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(21):214-222.
[9]孙强,蔡运龙,王文博.北京耕地流失的时空动态与调控途径研究[J].地理科学进展,2006,25(6):108-116,159.
[10]何如海,姜海,张效军.近年我国新增耕地资源结构变化:成因与启示[J].干旱区资源与环境,2005,19(6):131-134.
[11]王秀兰,包玉海.土地利用动态变化研究方法探讨[J].地理科学进展,1999,18(1):83-89.
[12]张维阳,段学军,高金龙,等.中国高新技术产业的地理格局与地理集中[J].长江流域资源与环境,2011,20(7):830-836.
[13]司马卫平,何强,夏安林,等.人工湿地处理城市污水效能的影响因素分析[J].环境工程学报,2008,2(3):319-323.
[14]王劲峰,廖一兰,刘鑫.空间数据分析教程[M].北京:科学出版社,2010:50-55.
[15]刘彦随,杨忍.中国县域城镇化的空间特征与形成机理[J].地理学报,2012,67(8):1011-1020.
[16]李月娇,杨小唤,程传周,等.近几年来中国耕地占补的空间分异特征[J].资源科学,2012,34(9):1671-1 680.
[17]Zhang T W.Community features and urban sprawl:the case of the Chicago metropolitan region[J].Land Use Policy,2001(18):221–232.
(1)年均占用率=研究期内年均耕地被占用的面积/期初耕地总面积的比值。
(2)年均补充率=研究期内年均补充耕地的面积/期初耕地总面积的比值。