连续种植不同绿肥作物耕层的土壤团聚体特征
|
摘要
【目的】为探明连续种植绿肥对土壤团聚体的影响。【方法】以箭筈豌豆(Vicia sativa L.)、肥田萝卜(Raphanus sativus L.)、蓝花苕子(Vicia cracca L.)、毛叶苕子(Vicia villosa Roth)、光叶苕子(Vicia villosa var.)为对象,研究连续种植不同绿肥对耕层土壤团聚体组成、直径的影响。【结果】连续种植光叶苕子主要提高> 5 mm粒径的机械稳定性团聚体含量、2～0. 25 mm粒径的水稳性团聚体含量,肥田萝卜主要提高5～2 mm粒径的机械稳定性团聚体含量、> 5 mm粒径的水稳性团聚体含量,蓝花苕子和毛叶苕子主要提高2～0. 25 mm粒径的机械稳定性团聚体含量。> 5 mm粒级的土壤水稳性团聚体增加有利于水稳性大团聚体的积累,其中肥田萝卜的土壤水稳性大团聚体含量最高。连续种植肥田萝卜、毛叶苕子有利于耕层土壤平均重量直径、几何平均直径的提升,而光叶苕子降低了土壤团聚体直径。土壤水稳性团聚体含量越高,土壤平均重量直径、几何平均直径越大,土壤结构的团聚度越高。【结论】连续种植绿肥能够提高不同粒径土壤机械稳定性、水稳性团聚体含量,有利于土壤水稳性大聚体(> 0. 25 mm)的形成,对土壤团聚体直径的影响表现不同。
【Objective】The study aimed to verify the effect of continuity planting green crops on soil aggregate. 【Method】The effect of continuously panting the same green manure crop of Vicia sativa L.,Raphanus sativus L.,Vicia cracca L.,Vicia villosa Roth and Vicia villosa var. on composition and diameter of soil aggregates in topsoil layer was studied by a field experiment.【Result】The continuously planting Vicia villosa var. raises the content of mechanical stability aggregate with > 5 mm and water stability aggregate with 2-0. 25 mm mainly. The continuously planting Raphanus sativus L. increases the content of mechanical stability aggregate with 5-2 mm and water stability aggregate with > 5 mm mainly. The continuously planting Vicia cracca L. and Vicia villosa Roth increases the content of mechanical stability aggregate with 2-0. 25 mm mainly. The increase of water stability aggregate with > 5 mm is beneficial for accumulation of macro water stability aggregates and the macro water stability aggregate content of in topsoil layer under the soil planting Raphanus sativus L is the highest. The soil mean weight diameter,geometric mean diameter and construction aggregation increase with increase of water stability aggregate content in soil.【Conclusion】The continuously planting green manure crops can increase the content of mechanism stability and water stability aggregates in soil,which is beneficial for formation of soil water stability aggregate with > 0. 25 mm. Different green manure crop has the different effect on the diameter of soil aggregate.
【Objective】The study aimed to verify the effect of continuity planting green crops on soil aggregate. 【Method】The effect of continuously panting the same green manure crop of Vicia sativa L.,Raphanus sativus L.,Vicia cracca L.,Vicia villosa Roth and Vicia villosa var. on composition and diameter of soil aggregates in topsoil layer was studied by a field experiment.【Result】The continuously planting Vicia villosa var. raises the content of mechanical stability aggregate with > 5 mm and water stability aggregate with 2-0. 25 mm mainly. The continuously planting Raphanus sativus L. increases the content of mechanical stability aggregate with 5-2 mm and water stability aggregate with > 5 mm mainly. The continuously planting Vicia cracca L. and Vicia villosa Roth increases the content of mechanical stability aggregate with 2-0. 25 mm mainly. The increase of water stability aggregate with > 5 mm is beneficial for accumulation of macro water stability aggregates and the macro water stability aggregate content of in topsoil layer under the soil planting Raphanus sativus L is the highest. The soil mean weight diameter,geometric mean diameter and construction aggregation increase with increase of water stability aggregate content in soil.【Conclusion】The continuously planting green manure crops can increase the content of mechanism stability and water stability aggregates in soil,which is beneficial for formation of soil water stability aggregate with > 0. 25 mm. Different green manure crop has the different effect on the diameter of soil aggregate.
引文
[1]张翰林,郑宪清,何七勇,等.不同秸秆还田年限对稻麦轮作土壤团聚体和有机碳的影响[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(4):216-220.
[2]刘哲,孙增慧,吕贻忠.长期不同施肥方式对华北地区温室和农田土壤团聚体形成特征的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2017,25(8):1119-1128.
[3]陈山,杨峰,林杉,等.土地利用方式对红壤团聚体稳定性的影响[J].水土保持学报,2012,26(5):211-216.
[4]ZHAO G Z,LIU Y Q,TIAN Y,et al. Preparation and properties ofmacromolecular slow-release fertilizer containing nitrogen,phosphorusand potassium[J]. Journal of Polymer Research,2010,17(1):119-125.
[5]李景,吴会军,武雪萍,等. 15年保护性耕作对黄土坡耕地区土壤及团聚体固碳效应的影响[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(23):4690-4697.
[6]佀国涵,赵书军,王瑞,等.连年翻压绿肥对植烟土壤物理及生物性状的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014,20(4):905-912.
[7]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2005.
[8]ELLIOTT E T. Aggregate structure and carbon,nitrogen and phos-phorus in native and cultivated soils[J]. Soil Science Society of A-merica Journal,1986,50:627-633.
[9]何淑勤,郑子成,宫渊波,等.不同退耕模式下土壤水稳性团聚体及其有机碳分布特征[J].水土保持学报,2011,25(5):229-233.
[10]曾全超,李娅芸,刘雷,等.黄土高原草地植被土壤团聚体特征与可蚀性分析[J].草地学报,2014,22(4):743-749.
[11]卢金伟,李占斌.土壤团聚体研究进展[J].水土保持研究,2002,9(1):81-85.
[12]张宝军,唐崟,芦红超,等.土地利用方式对土壤大团聚体的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(12):5306-5308.
[13]王英俊.生草对渭北苹果园土壤团聚体及其有机C、N的影响[D].杨陵:西北农林科技大学,2013.
[14]YODER R E. A direct method of aggregate analysis of soils and astudy of the physical nature of erosion losses[J]. Agronomy Journal,1936,28(5):337-351.
[15]王涛,何丙辉,秦川,等.不同种植年限黄花生物埂护坡土壤团聚体组成及其稳定性[J].水土保持学报,2014,28(5):153-158.
[16]王海霞,孙红霞,韩清芳,等.免耕条件下秸秆覆盖对旱地小麦田土壤团聚体的影响[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(4):1025-1030.
[17]SIX J,BOSSUYT H,DEGRYZE S,et a1. A history of research onthe link between(micro)aggregates,soil biota,and soil organic mat-ter dynamics[J]. Soil and Tillage Research,2004,79(1):7-31.
[18]SIX J,ELLIOT E T,PAUSTIAN K. Soil structure and soil organicmater:II. A normalized stability index and the effect of mineralogy[J]. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.,2000,64:1042-1049.
[19]程乙,任昊,刘鹏,等.不同栽培管理模式对农田土壤团聚体组成及其碳、氮分布的影响[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(11):3521-3528.
[20]李鉴霖,江长胜,郝庆菊.土地利用方式对缙云山土壤团聚体稳定性及其有机碳的影响[J].环境科学,2014,35(12):4696-4704.
[2]刘哲,孙增慧,吕贻忠.长期不同施肥方式对华北地区温室和农田土壤团聚体形成特征的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2017,25(8):1119-1128.
[3]陈山,杨峰,林杉,等.土地利用方式对红壤团聚体稳定性的影响[J].水土保持学报,2012,26(5):211-216.
[4]ZHAO G Z,LIU Y Q,TIAN Y,et al. Preparation and properties ofmacromolecular slow-release fertilizer containing nitrogen,phosphorusand potassium[J]. Journal of Polymer Research,2010,17(1):119-125.
[5]李景,吴会军,武雪萍,等. 15年保护性耕作对黄土坡耕地区土壤及团聚体固碳效应的影响[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(23):4690-4697.
[6]佀国涵,赵书军,王瑞,等.连年翻压绿肥对植烟土壤物理及生物性状的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014,20(4):905-912.
[7]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2005.
[8]ELLIOTT E T. Aggregate structure and carbon,nitrogen and phos-phorus in native and cultivated soils[J]. Soil Science Society of A-merica Journal,1986,50:627-633.
[9]何淑勤,郑子成,宫渊波,等.不同退耕模式下土壤水稳性团聚体及其有机碳分布特征[J].水土保持学报,2011,25(5):229-233.
[10]曾全超,李娅芸,刘雷,等.黄土高原草地植被土壤团聚体特征与可蚀性分析[J].草地学报,2014,22(4):743-749.
[11]卢金伟,李占斌.土壤团聚体研究进展[J].水土保持研究,2002,9(1):81-85.
[12]张宝军,唐崟,芦红超,等.土地利用方式对土壤大团聚体的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(12):5306-5308.
[13]王英俊.生草对渭北苹果园土壤团聚体及其有机C、N的影响[D].杨陵:西北农林科技大学,2013.
[14]YODER R E. A direct method of aggregate analysis of soils and astudy of the physical nature of erosion losses[J]. Agronomy Journal,1936,28(5):337-351.
[15]王涛,何丙辉,秦川,等.不同种植年限黄花生物埂护坡土壤团聚体组成及其稳定性[J].水土保持学报,2014,28(5):153-158.
[16]王海霞,孙红霞,韩清芳,等.免耕条件下秸秆覆盖对旱地小麦田土壤团聚体的影响[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(4):1025-1030.
[17]SIX J,BOSSUYT H,DEGRYZE S,et a1. A history of research onthe link between(micro)aggregates,soil biota,and soil organic mat-ter dynamics[J]. Soil and Tillage Research,2004,79(1):7-31.
[18]SIX J,ELLIOT E T,PAUSTIAN K. Soil structure and soil organicmater:II. A normalized stability index and the effect of mineralogy[J]. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.,2000,64:1042-1049.
[19]程乙,任昊,刘鹏,等.不同栽培管理模式对农田土壤团聚体组成及其碳、氮分布的影响[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(11):3521-3528.
[20]李鉴霖,江长胜,郝庆菊.土地利用方式对缙云山土壤团聚体稳定性及其有机碳的影响[J].环境科学,2014,35(12):4696-4704.