秦皇岛近海环境综合整治后主要入海河流的水质变化调查分析
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摘要
2012年以来,秦皇岛实施了大规模的近岸海域环境综合整治工程,曾严重危害该海域的褐潮已经连续三年未出现。以秦皇岛主要入海河流2013年和2017年的水质监控数据为基础,比较分析了环境综合整治工程实施后该地区主要入海河流水质及污染物排放的变化。调查发现:1)秦皇岛近海环境综合整治工程实施后,所调查河流中污染严重超标的情况得到明显改善,但河流中仍有少数污染物浓度不降反升,特别是COD_(Mn)在所有河流中均表现为升高; 2)各河流中的NH_4~+-N和TP入海量得到有效削减,但COD_(Mn)入海量明显增加,调查结果为该海域下一步环境整治提供参考。
The brown tide,which seriously endangered the coast area,has not occurred in coastal water along Qinhuangdao for three consecutive years,which should be attributed to the large-scale local comprehensive improvement engineerings of offshore environment carried out since 2012. In order to guide the following environmental improvement in this area,changes in the water quality and effluents of local major seaward rivers after implementation of comprehensive improvement of environment were compared and analysed,based on the water quality monitoring data in 2013 and 2017. The results suggested: 1) most of the heavily polluted rivers had been obviously improved after implementation of the comprehensive improvement of offshore environment in Qinhuangdao,except some pollutants( still increasing continuously),especially COD_(Mn)which showed increase in all rivers; 2) the discharge of different pollutants in rivers varied differently,among which both NH_4~+-N and TP decreased sharply,while COD_(Mn)increased significantly.
The brown tide,which seriously endangered the coast area,has not occurred in coastal water along Qinhuangdao for three consecutive years,which should be attributed to the large-scale local comprehensive improvement engineerings of offshore environment carried out since 2012. In order to guide the following environmental improvement in this area,changes in the water quality and effluents of local major seaward rivers after implementation of comprehensive improvement of environment were compared and analysed,based on the water quality monitoring data in 2013 and 2017. The results suggested: 1) most of the heavily polluted rivers had been obviously improved after implementation of the comprehensive improvement of offshore environment in Qinhuangdao,except some pollutants( still increasing continuously),especially COD_(Mn)which showed increase in all rivers; 2) the discharge of different pollutants in rivers varied differently,among which both NH_4~+-N and TP decreased sharply,while COD_(Mn)increased significantly.
引文
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[3]张万磊,张永丰,张建乐,等.北戴河赤潮监控区营养盐变化及富营养化状况分析[J].海洋湖沼通报,2014(1):143-147.
[4] Cao X H,Yu Z M,Wu Z X,et al.Environmental characteristics of annual pico/nanophytoplankton blooms along the Qinhuangdao Coast[J]. Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2018,36(2):281-292.
[5] Zhang Q C,Qiu L M,Yu R C,et al. Emergence of brown tides caused by Aureococcus anophagefferens Hargraves et Sieburth in China[J]. Harmful Algae,2012,19:117-124.
[6]张永丰,李欣阳,张万磊,等.微微型藻华爆发海域硅酸盐与叶绿素a分布特征研究[J].生态科学,2013,32(4):509-513.
[7]邵金霞.北戴河近岸海域环境综合整治进入冲刺阶段[N/OL].河北新闻网,2013,http://qhd.hebnews.cn/2013-11/20/content_3617164.htm.
[8]宋柏松.秦皇岛实施10项建设工程推进北戴河海域环境治理[N/OL].河北新闻网,2012,http://hebei. hebnews. cn/2012-02/10/content_2526723.htm.
[9]吴永哲.秦皇岛总投资117. 5亿元打造“最美海岸线”[N/OL].河北新闻网,2012,http://hebei.hebnews.cn/2012-02/24/content_2550730.htm.
[10]吴永哲.北戴河近岸海域环境综合整治展开[N/OL].河北新闻网, 2012, http://hebei. hebnews. cn/2012-03/28/content_2608713.htm.
[11]周秋伶,马方方,张永丰,等.风暴潮过后秦皇岛海域两次赤潮过程浮标数据变化[J].海洋技术学报,2018,37(1):68-73.
[12]邹佳君,朱凌宇,刘明华.秦皇岛西浴场浒苔暴发区浮游植物群落结构特征[J].中国环境管理干部学院学报,2016,26(1):74-76,83.
[13]曹西华,俞志明,宋秀贤,等.秦皇岛入海河流的污染水平、排放特征及对褐潮暴发区生源要素的影响[J].海洋与湖沼,2017,48(5):970-981.
[14]李志伟,崔力拓.秦皇岛主要入海河流污染及其对近岸海域影响研究[J].生态环境学报,2012,21(7):1285-1288.