摘要
该研究对药用植物云实的有丝分裂早中期、中期染色体进行了CPD(PI和DAPI组合)染色和相继的45S rDNA荧光原位杂交分析,并结合染色体测量和CPD带、45S rDNA杂交信号建立了其核型。结果显示:(1)云实的单倍基因组总长度为(30.38±1.58)μm;云实的核型公式为2n=24=14m+10sm (2SAT),染色体相对长度范围为11.22~7.12;核型不对称性参数CI、A1、A2、As K (%)、TF%、AI分别为41.63±6.70、0.27、0.16、58.18、41.82、2.57,核型属于2A类型。(2)云实的二倍体基因组具有9个45S rDNA位点,其中第3、8、9和12号染色体的短臂末端的位点成对存在,第10号染色体仅1个成员的短臂末端具有45S位点,呈现杂合性。该研究首次建立了云实的分子细胞遗传学核型,为该物种的基因组研究提供了基础资料。
In this study, CPD(combined PI and DAPI) staining and sequential fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) with 45 S rDNA probe were applied to analyze the prometaphase and metaphase chromosomes of Caesalpinia decapetala(Roth) Alston, a medicinal plant, and the karyotype of this species was established by combining the chromosome measurements and the CPD bands and rDNA FISH signals.(1) The mean haploid karyotype length was(30.38±1.58) μm. The karyotype formula was 2 n=24=14 m+10 sm(2 SAT) with the range of chromosome relative length being 11.22-7.12. The karyotype asymmetry indice, CI, A1, A2, As K(%), TF% and AI were 41.63±6.70, 0.27, 0.16, 58.18, 41.82 and 2.57, respectively, and the asymmetric karyotype belonged to the 2 A type of the Stebbins' category.(2) Four and a half pairs of 45 S rDNA sites were identified in the diploid complement. Among these rDNA sites, four pairs were located at the terminals of the short arms of chromosome pairs 3, 8, 9 and 12, respectively; and one site was located at the terminal of the short arm of one homologue of chromosome pair 10, showing heterozygosity of rDNA site. The investigation established the molecular cytogenetic karyotype of C. decapetala for the first time, providing basic data for the genome study of this species.
引文
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