阜阳机场草丛动物群落特征与食虫鸟类相关性
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摘要
2015年5—10月,对阜阳机场3种典型生境草丛动物及食虫鸟类多样性进行了研究。结果表明:调查共捕获草丛动物12个目,从个体数量来看,优势类群是直翅目,占草丛动物总数量的49.5%;常见类群是双翅目、鞘翅目、同翅目、鳞翅目、蜘蛛目,共占草丛动物总数量的39.8%;从总重量来看,优势类群同样是直翅目,占草丛动物总重量的80.1%;草地生境草丛动物重量和多样性水平最高,是草丛动物防治的重点区域;将草丛动物群落与食虫性鸟类进行相关性分析表明,食虫鸟类数量与直翅目总重量呈显著正相关(r=0.881,P=0.021),直翅目昆虫是主要防范类群;药物灭虫的最佳时间是每年5月;草丛动物总重量和食虫鸟类数量最大的时期是8月,也是鸟害防治的重点月份。
From May to October 2015,an investigation was made into the grassland fauna communities and avian diversity in three habitats at Fuyang Airport. In total,12 orders of grassland fauna were found. Orthoptera were dominant,making up 49.5% of the total catches. In addition,common groups included Diptera,Coleoptera,Homoptera,Lepidoptera and Araneae,making up39.8% of the total number. In terms of total mass,Orthoptera were also the main group,accounting for 80.1% of the total mass of the grassland fauna. Among the three habitats,the mass and diversity were the greatest in grassland,which was the key area for the prevention of the grassland animals. Correlation analysis found a significant relationship( r = 0.881,P = 0.021) between the number of insectivorous birds and total mass of Orthoptera. Orthoptera is the main prevention object and May is the best time to spray pesticide. The total mass of the grassland fauna and the number of insectivorous birds were the highest in August,which is the key period for prevention and control of bird strike.
From May to October 2015,an investigation was made into the grassland fauna communities and avian diversity in three habitats at Fuyang Airport. In total,12 orders of grassland fauna were found. Orthoptera were dominant,making up 49.5% of the total catches. In addition,common groups included Diptera,Coleoptera,Homoptera,Lepidoptera and Araneae,making up39.8% of the total number. In terms of total mass,Orthoptera were also the main group,accounting for 80.1% of the total mass of the grassland fauna. Among the three habitats,the mass and diversity were the greatest in grassland,which was the key area for the prevention of the grassland animals. Correlation analysis found a significant relationship( r = 0.881,P = 0.021) between the number of insectivorous birds and total mass of Orthoptera. Orthoptera is the main prevention object and May is the best time to spray pesticide. The total mass of the grassland fauna and the number of insectivorous birds were the highest in August,which is the key period for prevention and control of bird strike.
引文
丁振军,李东来,万冬梅,等.2015.沈阳桃仙国际机场鸟类多样性及鸟撞防范.生态学杂志,34(9):2561-2567.
郝锡联,易国栋.2005.机场驱鸟方法的探究.吉林师范大学学报:自然科学版,26(2):45-46.
胡玉洪,朱翔,魏天昊,等.2003.昆明(巫家坝)国际机场鸟害防治研究.云南环境科学,22(3):12-14.
金晓瑾,殷晓松,刘声亮.2003.昆明国际机场昆虫、土壤动物种类及种群动态研究.环境科学导刊,22(2):36-37.
可晓斌,刘东海,韩力庆,等.2011.佳木斯东郊机场昆虫调查.生物灾害科学,34(4):183-184.
李安萍.2008.太原武宿机场春季草丛昆虫和土壤动物的调查.太原师范学院学报:自然科学版,7(1):147-150.
李俊生,宋延龄,曾治高.2003.反刍动物的食物选择及其影响因素.兽类学报,23(1):66-73.
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李晓娟,周材权,胡锦矗,等.2009.南充高坪机场土壤及草丛动物群落特征和鸟类的关系.生态学报,29(2):706-713.
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李永民,聂传朋,丁伟伟,等.2011b.阜阳机场鸟击防范生态措施探讨.中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,22(4):413-416.
刘家武,王国秀.2000.武汉天河机场地区蜘蛛群落及多样性的研究.蛛形学报,9(2):107-111.
王雪颖,胡劭骥,廖峻涛,等.2013.昆明(巫家坝)国际机场植草区生态系统昆虫群落研究.安徽大学学报:自然科学版,37(2):103-108.
吴雪,杜杰,李晓娟,等.2015.重庆江北机场鸟类群落结构及鸟击防范.生态学杂志,34(7):2015-2024.
杨效东,魏天昊,盛才余,等.1998.重庆机场草地土壤动物群落特征及其与鸟类关系的初步研究.动物学研究,19(3):209-217.
赵云龙,唐思贤,王群,等.2004.上海虹桥机场土壤动物及草丛动物群落特征和鸟类关系研究.生态学报,24(6):1219-1224.
赵正阶.2001.中国鸟类志(上、下).长春:吉林科学技术出版社.
周璐璐,周立志,万政云,等.2013.合肥新桥国际机场鸟类多样性及鸟击风险评价.四川动物,32(4):619-626.
Allan JR,Watson LA.1990.The impact of a lumbricide treatment on airfield grassland.Bird Strike Committee Europe,20:531-542.
Edmund H.1995.Applied ecology as a basis for bird strike prevention on airports.Vogel und Luftverkehr,15:23-35.
郝锡联,易国栋.2005.机场驱鸟方法的探究.吉林师范大学学报:自然科学版,26(2):45-46.
胡玉洪,朱翔,魏天昊,等.2003.昆明(巫家坝)国际机场鸟害防治研究.云南环境科学,22(3):12-14.
金晓瑾,殷晓松,刘声亮.2003.昆明国际机场昆虫、土壤动物种类及种群动态研究.环境科学导刊,22(2):36-37.
可晓斌,刘东海,韩力庆,等.2011.佳木斯东郊机场昆虫调查.生物灾害科学,34(4):183-184.
李安萍.2008.太原武宿机场春季草丛昆虫和土壤动物的调查.太原师范学院学报:自然科学版,7(1):147-150.
李俊生,宋延龄,曾治高.2003.反刍动物的食物选择及其影响因素.兽类学报,23(1):66-73.
李敏,杨贵生,邢璞,等.2011.内蒙古乌海民航机场鸟类多样性与鸟撞防范.生态学杂志,30(8):1678-1685.
李晓娟,周材权,胡锦矗,等.2009.南充高坪机场土壤及草丛动物群落特征和鸟类的关系.生态学报,29(2):706-713.
李永民,姜双林,聂传朋,等.2011a.阜阳机场鸟类多样性及其危险性.应用生态学报,22(7):1914-1920.
李永民,聂传朋,丁伟伟,等.2011b.阜阳机场鸟击防范生态措施探讨.中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,22(4):413-416.
刘家武,王国秀.2000.武汉天河机场地区蜘蛛群落及多样性的研究.蛛形学报,9(2):107-111.
王雪颖,胡劭骥,廖峻涛,等.2013.昆明(巫家坝)国际机场植草区生态系统昆虫群落研究.安徽大学学报:自然科学版,37(2):103-108.
吴雪,杜杰,李晓娟,等.2015.重庆江北机场鸟类群落结构及鸟击防范.生态学杂志,34(7):2015-2024.
杨效东,魏天昊,盛才余,等.1998.重庆机场草地土壤动物群落特征及其与鸟类关系的初步研究.动物学研究,19(3):209-217.
赵云龙,唐思贤,王群,等.2004.上海虹桥机场土壤动物及草丛动物群落特征和鸟类关系研究.生态学报,24(6):1219-1224.
赵正阶.2001.中国鸟类志(上、下).长春:吉林科学技术出版社.
周璐璐,周立志,万政云,等.2013.合肥新桥国际机场鸟类多样性及鸟击风险评价.四川动物,32(4):619-626.
Allan JR,Watson LA.1990.The impact of a lumbricide treatment on airfield grassland.Bird Strike Committee Europe,20:531-542.
Edmund H.1995.Applied ecology as a basis for bird strike prevention on airports.Vogel und Luftverkehr,15:23-35.