航天器推进系统气液路故障仿真
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摘要
为了研究和分析航天器推进系统气液路故障的发展变化规律及对整个推进系统性能的影响,在某挤压式航天器推进系统仿真模型的基础上,分别采用Realizable k-ε湍流模型和一维可压缩流模型对气路泄漏和堵塞故障进行动态仿真,采用一维不可压瞬变管流模型与变流量系数模型对液路泄漏和堵塞故障进行仿真分析。仿真结果表明:推进系统增压气路堵塞和泄漏故障,会导致增压不足,使推进剂供应管路压强下降;推进剂供应管路堵塞故障和泄漏故障会导致混合比偏离设计值,使推进系统性能降低。两类故障都会引起推力不足,致使系统性能降低。两者的不同之处在于:堵塞故障下,故障组件上游压强高于额定工况,推进剂消耗低于额定工况;泄漏故障下,故障组件上游压强低于额定工况,推进剂消耗高于额定工况。
In order to investigate the failure mechanism,dynamic changing law and the effect of leakage and blockage fault of spacecraft propulsion system,a dynamic simulation of some pressure-fed propulsion system was conducted based on the modular model library previously. The leakage and blockage fault of gas pressurization lines were simulated with the method of Realizable k-ε model and one-dimensional compressible duct model respectively. The leakage and blockage fault simulation for propellant lines were carried out with the finite element state-variable model and variable flow coefficient model respectively. The dynamic simulation of the propulsion system was carried out and some interesting results have been obtained as follows. Firstly,due to the leakage and blockage fault of gas pressurization lines,the pressure boost couldn' t meet the need of operational state,resulting in the propellant inadequacy and pressure drop in propellant lines. Secondly,because of the leakage and blockage fault in propellant lines,the mixture radio would deviate from the designed ones,resulting in the sliding down of the propulsion system performance.Although both of the leakage and blockage fault would make the propulsion system performance slide down,there are differences between the two faults. Firstly,due to the blockage fault,the upstream pressure of faulty component is substandard and less propellant is consumed. Secondly,due to the leakage fault,the upstream pressure of leaking object is lower than normal value and too much propellant is consumed.
In order to investigate the failure mechanism,dynamic changing law and the effect of leakage and blockage fault of spacecraft propulsion system,a dynamic simulation of some pressure-fed propulsion system was conducted based on the modular model library previously. The leakage and blockage fault of gas pressurization lines were simulated with the method of Realizable k-ε model and one-dimensional compressible duct model respectively. The leakage and blockage fault simulation for propellant lines were carried out with the finite element state-variable model and variable flow coefficient model respectively. The dynamic simulation of the propulsion system was carried out and some interesting results have been obtained as follows. Firstly,due to the leakage and blockage fault of gas pressurization lines,the pressure boost couldn' t meet the need of operational state,resulting in the propellant inadequacy and pressure drop in propellant lines. Secondly,because of the leakage and blockage fault in propellant lines,the mixture radio would deviate from the designed ones,resulting in the sliding down of the propulsion system performance.Although both of the leakage and blockage fault would make the propulsion system performance slide down,there are differences between the two faults. Firstly,due to the blockage fault,the upstream pressure of faulty component is substandard and less propellant is consumed. Secondly,due to the leakage fault,the upstream pressure of leaking object is lower than normal value and too much propellant is consumed.
引文
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[14]Lu X H,Chen H,Gao B Z,et al.Data-driven predictive gearshift control for dual-clutch transmissions and FPGA implementation[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2015,62(1):599-610.
[15]Wang B,Jin X,Huang R,et al.Simulation and experimental verification of a fuel calibration system based on metering cylinder[J].Flow Measurement and Instrumentation,2014,38:131-138.
[16]王申.航天器推进系统动态特性数值仿真与分析[D].长沙:国防科学技术大学,2007.WANG Shen.Numerical simulation and analysis of dynamic characteristics for spacecraft propulsion system[D].Changsha:National University of Defense Technology,2007.(in Chinese)
[17]晏政.航天器推进系统基于定性模型的故障诊断方法研究[D].长沙:国防科学技术大学,2013.YAN Zheng.Investigation on model-based fault diagnosis methods for spacecraft propulsion system[D].Changsha:National University of Defense Technology,2013.(in Chinese)
[18]张路.变轨动力系统动态特性仿真与分析[D].长沙:国防科学技术大学,2010.ZHANG Lu.Numerical simulation on dynamic characteristics of orbit maneuvers propulsion system[D].Changsha:National University of Defense Technology,2010.(in Chinese)
[2]Lijo V,Kim H D,Setoguchi T,et al.Numerical simulation of transient flows in a rocket propulsion nozzle[J].International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow,2010,31(3):409-417.
[3]张新邦,索旭华.卫星控制系统故障仿真技术研究[J].航天控制,2002,20(1):51-60.ZHANG Xinbang,SUO Xuhua.Study on the failure simulation techniques for satellite control system[J].Aerospace Control,2002,20(1):51-60.(in Chinese)
[4]张黎辉,李家文,张雪梅.航天器推进系统发动机动态特性研究[J].航空动力学报,2004,19(4):546-549.ZHANG Lihui,LI Jiawen,ZHANG Xuemei.Dynamic characteristics study of spacecraft propulsion system engine[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2004,19(4):546-549.(in Chinese)
[5]魏鹏飞,吴建军,刘洪刚.液体火箭发动机一种通用模块化仿真方法[J].推进技术,2005,26(2):147-150.WEI Pengfei,WU Jianjun,LIU Honggang.Investigation of a general model simulation method for liquid propellant rocket engines[J].Journal of Propulsion Technology,2005,26(2):147-150.(in Chinese)
[6]樊忠泽,黄敏超,佘勇.空间推进系统工作过程的模块化建模[J].国防科技大学学报,2007,29(2):29-33.FAN Zhongze,HUANG Minchao,SHE Yong.model of space propulsion system in the whole operating process[J].Journal of National University of Defense Technology,2007,29(2):29-33.(in Chinese)
[7]Bandyopadhyay A,Majumdar A.Network flow simulation of fluid transients in rocket propulsion systems[J].Journal of Propulsion and Power,2013,30(6):1646-1653.
[8]魏鑫,孙冰,于子文.火箭推进系统充液管路的流固耦合动响应分析[J].航空动力学报,2010,25(4):852-856.WEI Xin,SUN Bing,YU Ziwen.Dynamic response analysis of fluid-structure interaction in liquid-filled pipes of rocket feed system[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2010,25(4):852-856.(in Chinese)
[9]张青松,张振鹏,杨雪,等.液体火箭发动机试验台气液管路系统故障仿真及分析[J].航空动力学报,2006,21(2):403-409.ZHANG Qingsong,ZHANG Zhenpeng,YANG Xue,et al.Fault simulation and analysis for the fluid systems of LPRE test-bed[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2006,21(2):403-409.(in Chinese)
[10]蔡益飞.某液体火箭发动机故障仿真分析[J].上海航天,2004,21(5):34-38.CAI Yifei.The simulation analysis of some liquid rocket engine fault[J].Aerospace Shanghai,2004,21(5):34-38.(in Chinese)
[11]王建波,于达仁,王广雄.液体火箭发动机泄漏故障实时仿真[J].推进技术,1999,20(5):1-5.WANG Jianbo,YU Daren,WANG Guangxiong.Real-time simulation of leak fault of liquid rocket engine[J].Journal of Propulsion Technology,1999,20(5):1-5.(in Chinese)
[12]晏政,彭小辉,程玉强,等.航天器推进系统水击及其抑制方法[J].航空动力学报,2010,27(9):2028-2034.YAN Zheng,PENG Xiaohui,CHENG Yuqiang,et al.Research of water hammer and its suppression methods for spacecraft propulsion system[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2010,27(9):2028-2034.(in Chinese)
[13]晏政,刘泽军,程玉强,等.航天器推进系统模块化建模方法[J].国防科技大学学报,2012,34(4):28-32.YAN Zheng,LIU Zejun,CHENG Yuqiang,et al.Modular modeling of spacecraft propulsion system[J].Journal of National University of Defense Technology,2012,34(4):28-32.(in Chinese)
[14]Lu X H,Chen H,Gao B Z,et al.Data-driven predictive gearshift control for dual-clutch transmissions and FPGA implementation[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2015,62(1):599-610.
[15]Wang B,Jin X,Huang R,et al.Simulation and experimental verification of a fuel calibration system based on metering cylinder[J].Flow Measurement and Instrumentation,2014,38:131-138.
[16]王申.航天器推进系统动态特性数值仿真与分析[D].长沙:国防科学技术大学,2007.WANG Shen.Numerical simulation and analysis of dynamic characteristics for spacecraft propulsion system[D].Changsha:National University of Defense Technology,2007.(in Chinese)
[17]晏政.航天器推进系统基于定性模型的故障诊断方法研究[D].长沙:国防科学技术大学,2013.YAN Zheng.Investigation on model-based fault diagnosis methods for spacecraft propulsion system[D].Changsha:National University of Defense Technology,2013.(in Chinese)
[18]张路.变轨动力系统动态特性仿真与分析[D].长沙:国防科学技术大学,2010.ZHANG Lu.Numerical simulation on dynamic characteristics of orbit maneuvers propulsion system[D].Changsha:National University of Defense Technology,2010.(in Chinese)