不同超级稻品种对移栽密度的反应特性研究
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摘要
为探明高产条件下不同超级稻品种对种植密度的反应特性,选用两优培九、Y两优1号、Y两优2号、Y两优900、超优1000等5个超级稻品种,以常规稻品种黄华占为对照,于2016年在湖南省郴州市桂东县进行小区试验。结果表明,两优培九、Y两优1号、Y两优900、超优1000均以高密度(24万丛/hm~2)处理产量最高,分别为11 469.33、13 438.75、11 125.56和11 969.35 kg/hm~2,比低密度处理(12万丛/hm~2)增产11.71%、9.41%、25.80%和9.90%,增产原因在于这4个品种在高密度种植下单位面积有效穗数较低密度和中密度处理分别高出40.76%和33.24%。Y两优2号在插植密度为12万丛/hm~2时,有效穗数较高并且千粒重显著高于其他两种种植密度,因而有着较高的实际产量,达到11 172.44 kg/hm~2。24万丛/hm~2处理时所有超级稻品种齐穗期与成熟期干物质生产总量均较高;黄华占则在低密度下(12万丛/hm~2)有着最高产量和干物质生产量。
In order to find out the response characteristics of different super hybrid rice varieties to planting density under high yield condition in this sutdy, a field experiment was conducted in Guidong county in 2016 with 5 super hybrid rice varieties Liangyoupeijiu,Y Liangyou 1, Y Liangyou 2, Y Liangyou 900, Chaoyou 1 000 and conventional rice variety Huanghuazhan as materials. The results showed that the yield of Liangyoupeijiu, Y Liangyou 1, Y Liangyou 900, Chaoyou 1 000 were highest in the high density(24 ×10~4hiles/hm~2), which were 11 469.33 kg/hm~2, 13 438.75 kg/hm~2, 11 125.56 kg/hm~2 and 11 969.35 kg/hm~2, respectively, compared with the low-density treatment(12×10~4hiles/hm2), the increase percent was 11.71%, 9.41%, 25.80% and 9.90%; the main reason for the effective panicle number per plant area of the treatment with high-density was higher than that in the low-density and middle-density.When the planting density was 12×10~4hiles/hm~2, the number of productive panicle was higher and the thousand grain weight was significantly higher than the other two planting densities, so Y Liangyou 2 had a higher yield, reaching 11 172.44 kg/hm~2. And all the super hybrid rice varieties had high dry matter accumulation in heading and maturity. Under the experimental conditions,Huanghuazhan had the highest yield and dry matter production at low density.
In order to find out the response characteristics of different super hybrid rice varieties to planting density under high yield condition in this sutdy, a field experiment was conducted in Guidong county in 2016 with 5 super hybrid rice varieties Liangyoupeijiu,Y Liangyou 1, Y Liangyou 2, Y Liangyou 900, Chaoyou 1 000 and conventional rice variety Huanghuazhan as materials. The results showed that the yield of Liangyoupeijiu, Y Liangyou 1, Y Liangyou 900, Chaoyou 1 000 were highest in the high density(24 ×10~4hiles/hm~2), which were 11 469.33 kg/hm~2, 13 438.75 kg/hm~2, 11 125.56 kg/hm~2 and 11 969.35 kg/hm~2, respectively, compared with the low-density treatment(12×10~4hiles/hm2), the increase percent was 11.71%, 9.41%, 25.80% and 9.90%; the main reason for the effective panicle number per plant area of the treatment with high-density was higher than that in the low-density and middle-density.When the planting density was 12×10~4hiles/hm~2, the number of productive panicle was higher and the thousand grain weight was significantly higher than the other two planting densities, so Y Liangyou 2 had a higher yield, reaching 11 172.44 kg/hm~2. And all the super hybrid rice varieties had high dry matter accumulation in heading and maturity. Under the experimental conditions,Huanghuazhan had the highest yield and dry matter production at low density.
引文
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[17]吕川根,宗寿余,郑克武,等.超级杂交稻“两优培九”的群体生长分析[J].江苏农业学报,2003,19(4):198-204.
[18]郑克武,邹江石,吕川根,等.氮肥和密度对两系亚种间杂交稻“两优培九”产量及产量结构的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2001,17(1):19-23.
[19]郑克武,邹江石,吕川根.氮肥和栽插密度对杂交稻“两优培九”产量及氮素吸收利用的影响[J].作物学报,2006,32(6):885-893.
[20]蒋鹏,詹可,莫亚丽,等.栽培方式对双季超级稻产量及干物质积累的影响[J].作物研究,2008,22(4):270-274.
[2]张桂权,卢永根.粳型亲籼系的选育及其在杂交水稻超高产育种上的利用[J].杂交水稻,1999,14(6):5-7,13.
[3]徐正进,陈温福.中国北方粳型超级稻研究进展[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(2):239-250.
[4]胡宇芬.第五期超级稻“超优千号”实现突破[N].湖南日报,2015-05-12(001).
[5]李浩鸣,向鹏,陈雅忱.袁隆平与中国杂交水稻工程[J].工程研究-跨学科视野中的工程,2009,1(3):292-303.
[6]杨惠杰,杨仁崔,李义珍,等.水稻超高产的决定因素[J].福建农业学报,2002,17(4):199-203.
[7]敖和军,王淑红,邹应斌,等.超级杂交稻干物质生产特点与产量稳定性研究[J].中国农业科学,2008,41(7):1 927-1 936.
[8]李静.生态条件和栽培密度对水稻群体特征、产量和品质的影响[D].成都:四川农业大学,2013.
[9]敖和军,邹应斌,王淑红,等.超级稻“三定”栽培法研究Ⅲ.不同栽培方式对超级杂交稻产量形成的影响[J].中国农学通报,2006,22(7):169-173.
[10]张文,聂凌利,李翊君,等.高产条件下超级稻对种植密度反应的研究[J].江苏农业科学,2016,44(12):126-129.
[11]王淑红,邹应斌,冯跃华,等.超级稻“三定”栽培法研究Ⅱ.不同施肥量对超级杂交稻产量及生长生理特性的影响[J].中国农学通报,2006,22(6):141-146.
[12]龚金龙,张洪程,胡雅杰,等.灌浆结实期温度对水稻产量和品质形成的影响[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(2):482-491.
[13]陈艳妮.超级稻‘Y两优1号’施氮量与种植密度配置试验初报[J].南方农业,2014(4):40-42.
[14]朱伦,叶建春,王慧芹,等.超级稻Y两优1号不同密度栽培试验[J].广西农学报,2012,27(6):6-8.
[15]马国辉,龙继锐,戴清明,等.超级杂交中稻Y两优1号最佳缓释氮肥用量与密度配置研究[J].杂交水稻,2008,23(6):73-77.
[16]蒋梅巧,朱浩,赵秀峰,等.不同氮素水平和栽插密度对Y两优2号产量的影响[J].江西农业学报,2013,25(7):22-24.
[17]吕川根,宗寿余,郑克武,等.超级杂交稻“两优培九”的群体生长分析[J].江苏农业学报,2003,19(4):198-204.
[18]郑克武,邹江石,吕川根,等.氮肥和密度对两系亚种间杂交稻“两优培九”产量及产量结构的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2001,17(1):19-23.
[19]郑克武,邹江石,吕川根.氮肥和栽插密度对杂交稻“两优培九”产量及氮素吸收利用的影响[J].作物学报,2006,32(6):885-893.
[20]蒋鹏,詹可,莫亚丽,等.栽培方式对双季超级稻产量及干物质积累的影响[J].作物研究,2008,22(4):270-274.