甜菜粕颗粒对泌乳奶牛泌乳性能、血液生化指标的影响
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摘要
本试验旨在研究甜菜粕颗粒对泌乳奶牛生产性能、血液生化指标的影响。采用完全随机试验设计,选择体重、泌乳天数(135.96±25.98)d、胎次(1～2次)、产乳量(29.78±5.42)kg和生理状态相近的48头中国荷斯坦奶牛,随机分为4组,每组12头。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组分别以3.5%、5.5%、7.5%甜菜粕颗粒(干物质基础)替换基础日粮中部分玉米和燕麦草等。试验预试期1周,正试期6周。结果表明:对照组的干物质采食量、产奶量以及乳成分与试验组无显著性差异;与对照组相比,3.5%、5.5%、7.5%甜菜粕组血清中总蛋白含量分别提高了13.75%、13.34%、8.17%(P<0.05);3.5%和5.5%试验组的球蛋白含量分别提高了18.02%、18.35%(P<0.05);5.5%试验组葡萄糖含量降低了17.76%(P<0.05);7.5%试验组每天可盈利1.28元/头。在本试验条件下,添加7.5%甜菜粕颗粒不会对机体的糖分吸收以及代谢造成影响且经济效益最佳。
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of sugar beet pulp pellets(SBPP) on the production performance in dairy cows. The complete random design was introduced to this experiment. A total of 48 lactating Holstein dairy cows with similar parities(1～2 parities), milk yield(29.78±5.42) kg and days in milk(135.96±25.98) d were randomly signed into 4 groups. The control group was fed with basal diet, the experimental group was fed with 3.5%, 5.5% and 7.5%SBPP(dry matter basis), and SBPP replaced corn and oat grass in the basic diet. The pre-feeding period was 1 week and the feeding trial was 6 weeks. The results showed as follows there was no significant difference in dry matter intake, milk yield and composition of milk between the control group and the experimental groups. The total protein content in serum of SPBB group increased by 13.75%, 13.34% and 8.17%(P<0.05), the globulin content in the experimental group of 3.5% and 5.5%increased by 18.02%, 18.35%(P<0.05), and blood sugar content in the experimental group of 5.5% decreased by 17.76%(P<0.05). 7.5% of the experimental group earned 1.28 yuan per head per day. Under the conditions of this experiment, adding 7.5% SBPP group did not affect the absorption and metabolism of sugar in the animal body and had the best economic benefit,which could improve the economic benefit of dairy cows to a certain extent.
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of sugar beet pulp pellets(SBPP) on the production performance in dairy cows. The complete random design was introduced to this experiment. A total of 48 lactating Holstein dairy cows with similar parities(1～2 parities), milk yield(29.78±5.42) kg and days in milk(135.96±25.98) d were randomly signed into 4 groups. The control group was fed with basal diet, the experimental group was fed with 3.5%, 5.5% and 7.5%SBPP(dry matter basis), and SBPP replaced corn and oat grass in the basic diet. The pre-feeding period was 1 week and the feeding trial was 6 weeks. The results showed as follows there was no significant difference in dry matter intake, milk yield and composition of milk between the control group and the experimental groups. The total protein content in serum of SPBB group increased by 13.75%, 13.34% and 8.17%(P<0.05), the globulin content in the experimental group of 3.5% and 5.5%increased by 18.02%, 18.35%(P<0.05), and blood sugar content in the experimental group of 5.5% decreased by 17.76%(P<0.05). 7.5% of the experimental group earned 1.28 yuan per head per day. Under the conditions of this experiment, adding 7.5% SBPP group did not affect the absorption and metabolism of sugar in the animal body and had the best economic benefit,which could improve the economic benefit of dairy cows to a certain extent.
引文
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[16]李婷婷.甜菜粕的研究进展及发展前景[J].饲料与畜牧,2015(3):59-63.
[17]Voelker J A,Allen M S.Pelleted beet pulp substituted for highmoisture corn:1.Effects on feed intake,chewing behavior,and milk production of lactating dairy cows[J].J Dairy Sci,2003,86(11):3542-3552.
[18]赵倩明.日粮添加玉米胚芽粕和米糠对泌乳奶牛生产性能的影响[D].扬州:扬州大学,2018.
[19]聂存喜,张文举,刘永强,等.甜菜粕替代玉米对奶牛采食量、养分消化率、产奶量及其乳成分的影响[J].中国草食动物,2011,31(6):36-38.
[20]Kanjanapruthipong J,Thaboot B.Effects of neutral detergents fiber from rice straw on blood metabolites and productivity of dairy cows in the tropics[J].Asian-Austral J Anim Sci,2006,19(19):356-362.
[2]Wilkinson J M.Re-defining efficiency of food production by livestock[J].Adv Anim Biosci,2010,1(1):363-363.
[3]Zebeli Q,Dijkstra J,Tafaj M,et al.Modeling the adequacy of dietary fiber in dairy cows based on the responses of ruminal pH and milk fat production to composition of the diet[J].JDairy Sci,2008,91(5):2046-2066.
[4]Strobel H J,Russell J B.Effect of pH and energy spilling on bacterial protein synthesis by carbohydrate-limited cultures of mixed rumen bacteria[J].J Dairy Sci,1986,69(11):2941-2947.
[5]Ben-Ghedalia D,Yosef E,Miron J,et al.The effects of starchand pectin-rich diets on quantitative aspects of digestion in sheep[J].Anim Feed Sci Tech,1989,24(3):289-298.
[6]Meijs J A C,Hoekstra J A.Concentrate supplementation of grazing dairy cows[J].Grass Forage Sci,2006,39(1):59-66.
[7]宋金昌,牛一兵.饲料分析与饲料质量检测技术[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2012.
[8]王萌,王加启,张俊瑜,等.甜菜粕替代玉米对奶牛生产性能及血液代谢的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2011,38(1):18-22.
[9]National Research Council Subcommittee on Dairy Cattle Nutrition.Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle[M].Seventh Revised Edition.Salt Lake city:National Academy of Sciences,2001.
[10]张丽英.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2004.
[11]黄晓飞,孟庆翔,杨甲轩,等.巨菌草青贮替代全株玉米青贮对奶牛生产性能、乳成分和经济效益的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2017,44(7):1997-2002.
[12]Manthey A K,Kalscheur K F,Garcia A D,et al.Lactation performance of dairy cows fed yeast-derived microbial protein in low-and high-forage diets[J].J Dairy Sci,2016,99(4):2775-2787.
[13]Christensen R G,Yang S Y,Eun J S,et al.Effects of feeding birdsfoot trefoil hay on neutral detergent fiber digestion,nitrogen utilization efficiency,and lactational performance by dairy cows[J].J Dairy Sci,2015,98(11):7982-7992.
[14]Kessler E C,Bruckmaier R M,Gross J J.Milk production during the colostral period is not related to the later lactational performance in dairy cows[J].J Dairy Sci,2014,97(4):2186-2192.
[15]Christensen R G.Improvement of nutrient utilization efficiency,ruminal fermentation and lactational performance of dairy cows by use of birdsfoot trefoil[D].USA:Utah State University,2015.
[16]李婷婷.甜菜粕的研究进展及发展前景[J].饲料与畜牧,2015(3):59-63.
[17]Voelker J A,Allen M S.Pelleted beet pulp substituted for highmoisture corn:1.Effects on feed intake,chewing behavior,and milk production of lactating dairy cows[J].J Dairy Sci,2003,86(11):3542-3552.
[18]赵倩明.日粮添加玉米胚芽粕和米糠对泌乳奶牛生产性能的影响[D].扬州:扬州大学,2018.
[19]聂存喜,张文举,刘永强,等.甜菜粕替代玉米对奶牛采食量、养分消化率、产奶量及其乳成分的影响[J].中国草食动物,2011,31(6):36-38.
[20]Kanjanapruthipong J,Thaboot B.Effects of neutral detergents fiber from rice straw on blood metabolites and productivity of dairy cows in the tropics[J].Asian-Austral J Anim Sci,2006,19(19):356-362.