供应链金融服务新型框架探讨:区块链+大数据
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摘要
供应链产业是重构全球产业格局的贯通性产业,其发展、变革不仅影响着传统三大产业的生产效率,还深刻改变着人们的工作和生活方式。供应链金融紧密融合了产业和金融,极大促进了供应链上各参与方特别是中小企业群体的持续发展,但现阶段存在中小企业融资难融资贵、信用体系不够完善等发展中的瓶颈问题,不过好的方面是最新的金融科技的发展可以提供部分解决方案。其中,区块链技术可以改善交易双方或多方互信的核心问题,大数据技术可以辅助提升全过程风险管理的精准和效率,二者可以相互优化、同步进化。因此,区块链+大数据供应链金融服务框架具有数据可靠、降低风险、运行高效的优点,可以从现实需求、技术提升、路径实现等三个层面构建供应链金融服务新型框架。
In recent years, there are some bottlenecks in the development of SCF(Supply Chain Financial) services in China, such as the difficulty of financing for SME(Small and Medium Enterprises) and the inadequate credit system and so on. But the good thing is that the latest development of FinTech(Financial Technology) can provide some solutions. Blockchain can improve the core issues of mutual trust between two or more parties. Big data can help to improve the accuracy and efficiency of risk management in the whole process. They can optimize and evolve synchronously. Therefore, the newSCF Services Framework that based on blockchain& big data has the characteristics of Reliable Data, Risk Reduction and Efficient Operation. Based on this, this paper discusses the feasibility of reconstructing the framework of SCF by combining the frontier FinTech such as blockchain and big data, and its implementation method. It also constructs a new framework from three levels: realistic demand, technology upgrading and path realization.
In recent years, there are some bottlenecks in the development of SCF(Supply Chain Financial) services in China, such as the difficulty of financing for SME(Small and Medium Enterprises) and the inadequate credit system and so on. But the good thing is that the latest development of FinTech(Financial Technology) can provide some solutions. Blockchain can improve the core issues of mutual trust between two or more parties. Big data can help to improve the accuracy and efficiency of risk management in the whole process. They can optimize and evolve synchronously. Therefore, the newSCF Services Framework that based on blockchain& big data has the characteristics of Reliable Data, Risk Reduction and Efficient Operation. Based on this, this paper discusses the feasibility of reconstructing the framework of SCF by combining the frontier FinTech such as blockchain and big data, and its implementation method. It also constructs a new framework from three levels: realistic demand, technology upgrading and path realization.
引文
[1] Christopher, M. Logistics & Supply Chain Management[M]. London: Pearson, 1992.
[2] 王竹泉,逄咏梅,孙建强. 国内外营运资金管理研究的回顾与展望[J]. 会计研究,2007,(2):85-92.
[3] 深圳发展银行——中欧国际工商学院“供应链金融”课题组. 供应链金融[M]. 上海:上海远东出版社,2009.
[4] 宋华. 供应链金融[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2015.
[5] 黄峤濛. 区块链+供应链金融:旨在打造供应链金融资产的交易所[R]. 分布式资本研究报告(二),2017.
[6] 贺振宇. 区块链,供应链金融的新机遇[R]. Thought Works,2017.
[7] Handfield, R., R. Monczka.Sourcing and Supply Chain Management (Fourth Edition) [M]. New York: Cengage, 2010.
[8] Hofmann, E., O. Belin. Supply Chain Finance Solutions [M]. London: Springer, 2011.
[9] 麦肯锡(McKinsey&Company). 区块链:银行业游戏规则的颠覆者[R]. 麦肯锡中国研究院,2016.
[10] Nakamoto, S. Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System [EB/OL]. www.bitcoin.org.
[11] 中国区块链技术和产业发展论坛. 中国区块链技术和应用发展白皮书[R]. 中国区块链技术和产业发展论坛,2016.
[12] Buterin, V. Ethereum: Platform Review——Opportunities and Challenges for Private and Consortium Blockchains [EB/OL].www.r3cev.com.
[13] 蔡维德,郁莲. 区块链技术在金融领域的应用解析[J]. 金融电子化,2016,(5):57-60.
[14] 麦肯锡(McKinsey&Company). 麦肯锡大数据指南[M].王霞,庞昊,任鹏,译. 北京:机械工业出版社,2016.
[15] 蔡恒进,郭震,肖华. “区块链+国内信用证”应用场景探讨[J]. 金融电子化,2018,(4):72-74.
(1)智能合约的工作原理类似于其他计算机程序的if-then语句,它其实并不特别智能,也不是严格意义上的合约,本质上只是图灵完备的一段脚本代码。
(2)非结构化数据是数据结构不规则或不完整,没有预定义的数据模型,不方便用数据库二维逻辑表来表现的数据,包括所有格式的办公文档、文本、图片、XML、HTML、各类报表、图像和音频/视频信息等。
(3)工作量证明是区块链共识机制的一种。目前,常见的共识机制有POW工作量证明、POS权益证明、DPOS股份授权证明、Ripple共识机制以及Pool验证池,这几类共识机制各有优劣,应用场景也各不相同。
(4)非标资产的全称是非标准化债权资产,是指未在银行间市场及证券交易所市场交易的债权性资产,包括但不限于信贷资产、信托贷款、委托债权、承兑汇票、信用证、应收账款、各类受(收)益权、带回购条款的股权性融资等。
[2] 王竹泉,逄咏梅,孙建强. 国内外营运资金管理研究的回顾与展望[J]. 会计研究,2007,(2):85-92.
[3] 深圳发展银行——中欧国际工商学院“供应链金融”课题组. 供应链金融[M]. 上海:上海远东出版社,2009.
[4] 宋华. 供应链金融[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2015.
[5] 黄峤濛. 区块链+供应链金融:旨在打造供应链金融资产的交易所[R]. 分布式资本研究报告(二),2017.
[6] 贺振宇. 区块链,供应链金融的新机遇[R]. Thought Works,2017.
[7] Handfield, R., R. Monczka.Sourcing and Supply Chain Management (Fourth Edition) [M]. New York: Cengage, 2010.
[8] Hofmann, E., O. Belin. Supply Chain Finance Solutions [M]. London: Springer, 2011.
[9] 麦肯锡(McKinsey&Company). 区块链:银行业游戏规则的颠覆者[R]. 麦肯锡中国研究院,2016.
[10] Nakamoto, S. Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System [EB/OL]. www.bitcoin.org.
[11] 中国区块链技术和产业发展论坛. 中国区块链技术和应用发展白皮书[R]. 中国区块链技术和产业发展论坛,2016.
[12] Buterin, V. Ethereum: Platform Review——Opportunities and Challenges for Private and Consortium Blockchains [EB/OL].www.r3cev.com.
[13] 蔡维德,郁莲. 区块链技术在金融领域的应用解析[J]. 金融电子化,2016,(5):57-60.
[14] 麦肯锡(McKinsey&Company). 麦肯锡大数据指南[M].王霞,庞昊,任鹏,译. 北京:机械工业出版社,2016.
[15] 蔡恒进,郭震,肖华. “区块链+国内信用证”应用场景探讨[J]. 金融电子化,2018,(4):72-74.
(1)智能合约的工作原理类似于其他计算机程序的if-then语句,它其实并不特别智能,也不是严格意义上的合约,本质上只是图灵完备的一段脚本代码。
(2)非结构化数据是数据结构不规则或不完整,没有预定义的数据模型,不方便用数据库二维逻辑表来表现的数据,包括所有格式的办公文档、文本、图片、XML、HTML、各类报表、图像和音频/视频信息等。
(3)工作量证明是区块链共识机制的一种。目前,常见的共识机制有POW工作量证明、POS权益证明、DPOS股份授权证明、Ripple共识机制以及Pool验证池,这几类共识机制各有优劣,应用场景也各不相同。
(4)非标资产的全称是非标准化债权资产,是指未在银行间市场及证券交易所市场交易的债权性资产,包括但不限于信贷资产、信托贷款、委托债权、承兑汇票、信用证、应收账款、各类受(收)益权、带回购条款的股权性融资等。