无砟轨道温度场计算及持续高温天气影响分析
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摘要
为研究持续高温天气下无砟轨道温度特性,分析了无砟轨道与大气环境的换热机理并考虑地温影响,推导基于气温、太阳辐射及风速的无砟轨道温度场计算公式。开展无砟轨道温度试验,验证公式准确性,利用该公式计算了2013年杭州地区持续高温天气下无砟轨道温度。结果表明:根据实测气象资料能够准确算得当地无砟轨道温度场;持续高温天气下,地温达到42℃,无砟轨道最大正温度梯度达到100℃/m,道床板中部日平均温度能够达到47.5℃,比平均气温高约15℃;持续高温天气期间,较强的太阳辐射和较高的日平均气温是导致无砟轨道整体温度升高的主要原因。
In order to investigate the temperatures of ballastless track under the continuous hot weather, the heat exchange between ballastless track and surroundings was analyzed and the influence of the ground temperatures on the ballastless track temperatures was taken into consideration. Then a solution to calculate the temperature distribution of the ballastless track was developed based on the air temperature, solar radiation and wind speed. A field temperature test of the ballastless track was conducted to verify the accuracy of the above theoretical formula. The temperature characteristics of the ballastless track during the continuous hot weather period in Hangzhou in 2013 were analyzed. The results show that the temperature distribution of the ballastless track can be obtained accurately based on the meteorological data. During continuous hot weather when the ground temperature reaches 42 ℃, the maximum positive temperature gradient of the ballastless track is 100 ℃/m, while the daily mean temperatures in the center of the concrete slab is 47.5 ℃, which is 15 ℃ higher than the average air temperature. During continuous hot weather, the stronger solar radiation and the higher daily mean temperature are the main factors causing the higher temperature of the ballastless track.
In order to investigate the temperatures of ballastless track under the continuous hot weather, the heat exchange between ballastless track and surroundings was analyzed and the influence of the ground temperatures on the ballastless track temperatures was taken into consideration. Then a solution to calculate the temperature distribution of the ballastless track was developed based on the air temperature, solar radiation and wind speed. A field temperature test of the ballastless track was conducted to verify the accuracy of the above theoretical formula. The temperature characteristics of the ballastless track during the continuous hot weather period in Hangzhou in 2013 were analyzed. The results show that the temperature distribution of the ballastless track can be obtained accurately based on the meteorological data. During continuous hot weather when the ground temperature reaches 42 ℃, the maximum positive temperature gradient of the ballastless track is 100 ℃/m, while the daily mean temperatures in the center of the concrete slab is 47.5 ℃, which is 15 ℃ higher than the average air temperature. During continuous hot weather, the stronger solar radiation and the higher daily mean temperature are the main factors causing the higher temperature of the ballastless track.
引文
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[2] 刘学毅,赵坪锐,杨荣山,等.客运专线无砟轨道设计理论与方法[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,2010.
[3] 杨荣山,万章博,刘学毅,等.CRTSⅠ型双块式无砟轨道冬季温度场试验[J].西南交通大学学报,2015,50(3):454-460.YANG Rongshan,WAN Zhangbo,LIU Xueyi,et al.Temperature Field Test of CRTSⅠTwin-block Ballastless Track in Winter[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2015,50(3):454-460.
[4] 戴公连,苏海霆,闫斌.圆曲线段无砟轨道横竖向温度梯度研究[J].铁道工程学报,2014,31(9):40-45.DAI Gonglian,SU Haiting,YAN Bin.Study on Horizontal and Vertical Temperature Gradient of Ballastless Track on Curve Line[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2014,31(9):40-45.
[5] 赵坪锐,刘学毅,杨荣山,等.双块式无砟轨道温度荷载取值方法的试验研究[J].铁道学报,2016,38(1):92-97.ZHAO Pingrui,LIU Xueyi,YANG Rongshan,et al.Experimental Study of Temperature Determination Method of Bi-block Ballastless Track[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2016,38(1):92-97.
[6] 刘学毅,李佳莉,康维新,等.无砟轨道温度简便计算及极端天气影响分析[J].西南交通大学学报,2017,52(6):1037-1045.LIU Xueyi,LI Jiali,KANG Weixin,et al.Simplified Calculation of Temperature in Concrete Slabs of Ballastless Track and Influence of Extreme Weather[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2017,52(6):1037-1045.
[7] 李佳莉.无砟轨道温度场试验与理论预测研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2018.
[8] 康维新.反射隔热涂料在无砟轨道上的应用研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2018.
[9] 欧祖敏,孙璐,程群群.基于气象资料的无砟轨道温度场计算与分析[J].铁道学报,2014,36(11):106-112.OU Zumin,SUN Lu,CHENG Qunqun.Analysis on Temperature Field of Ballastless Track Structure Based on Meteorological Data[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2014,36(11):106-112.
[10] 闫斌,刘施,戴公连,等.我国典型地区无砟轨道非线性温度梯度及温度荷载模式[J].铁道学报,2016,38(8):81-86.YAN Bin,LIU Shi,DAI Gonglian,et al.Vertical Nonlinear Temperature Distribution and Temperature Mode of Unballasted Track in Typical Areas of China[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2016,38(8):81-86.
[11] 国家铁路局.TB 10621—2014高速铁路设计规范[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2015.
[12] 任娟娟,田根源,徐家铎,等.客货共线单元板式无砟轨道荷载作用特性与疲劳寿命预测[J].铁道学报,2019,41(3):1-7.REN Juanjuan,TIAN Genyuan,XU Jiaduo,et al.Load Effect and Fatigue Life Prediction of Prefabricated Slab Track for Mixed Passenger and Freight Railway[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2019,41(3):1-7.
[13] 任娟娟,徐家铎,田根源,等客货共线无砟轨道轮轨力统计特征研究[J].工程力学,2018,35(2):239-248.REN Juanjuan,XU Jiaduo,TIAN Genyuan,et al.Field Test and Statistical Characteristic of Wheel-rail Force for Slab Track with Passenger and Freight Traffic[J].Engineering Mechani,2018,35(2):239-248.
[14] 杨荣山,曹世豪,谢露,等.列车荷载与水耦合作用下的无砟轨道水力劈裂机理分析[J].铁道学报,2017,39(6):98-106.YANG Rongshan,CAO Shihao,XIE Lu,et al.Hydraulic Fracturing Mechanism of Slab Track under Coupling Effect of Train Load and Water[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2017,39(6):98-106.
[15] 中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部,中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局.GB 50176—2016民用建筑热工设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2017.
[16] 吴赣昌.半刚性路面温度应力分析[M].北京:科学出版社,1995.
[17] DILGER W H,GHALI A,CHAN M,et al.Temperature Stresses in Composite Box Girder Bridges[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1983,109(6):1460-1478.
[18] ELBADRY M M,GHALI A.Temperature Variations in Concrete Bridges[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1983,109(10):2355-2374.
[19] MIRAMBELL E ,AGUADO A .Temperature and Stress Distributions in Concrete Box Girder Bridges[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1990,116(9):2388-2409.
[20] FU H C,NG S F,CHEUNG M S.Thermal Behavior of Composite Bridges[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1990,116(12):3302-3323.
[21] 朱伯芳.大体积混凝土施工过程受到的日照影响[J].水力发电学报,1999(3):35-41.ZHU Bofang.Influence of Solar Radiation on Temperature of Mass Concrete in the Process of Construction[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,1999(3):35-41.
[22] 孟庆林,李宁,夏磊.建筑外饰面表面污染后太阳辐射吸收系数的测试与修正[J].建筑技术,2010,41(11):1043-1045.MENG Qinglin,LI Ning,XIA Lei.Testing and Amendment of Solar Radiation Absorption Coefficient in Building External Finishes[J].Architecture Technology,2010,41(11):1043-1045.
[23] 刘文燕,耿耀明.混凝土表面太阳辐射吸收率试验研究[J].混凝土与水泥制品,2004(4):8-11.LIU Wenyan,GENG Yaoming.Experimental Study of the Solar Absorption Coefficient on the Concrete Surface[J].China Concrete and Cement Products,2004(4):8-11.
[24] SAETTA A,SCOTTA R,VITALIANI R.Stress Analysis of Concrete Structures Subjected to Variable Thermal Loads[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1995,121(3):446-457.
[25] 苑中显,陈永昌.工程传热学:理论基础与专题应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.