基于换乘接续优化的高铁周期性列车运行图编制研究
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摘要
良好的列车接续关系是提高周期性列车运行图换乘服务质量的重要保障。建立基于换乘接续优化的高铁周期性列车运行图多目标混合整数规划模型,在CPF模型和研究成果~([13])的基础上做出优化改进,从换乘频率、动态接续、换乘时间3个方面提高换乘服务质量。模型引入客流OD换乘服务频率约束和最小化换乘服务频率欠缺值的优化目标,使模型不仅考虑了部分OD因无列车直达而产生的旅客换乘需求,同时兼顾为列车直达服务频率不足的客流OD增加快速换乘服务。接续列车、接续车站和接续时间均在列车运行图优化过程中动态确定,使接续关系的选择更加灵活。引入接续选取和接续时间耦合约束以及接续时间最短的目标函数,在规划列车接续关系的基础上,进一步优化了接续时间。以京沪高速铁路及部分衔接线路周期性列车运行图编制为例,验证模型的有效性。
Well-designed transfer connections between trains are important to improve the transfer service quality of cyclic railway timetable. A multi-objective mixed integer designing model for cyclic railway timetable considering transfer connection optimization has been developed based on CPF Model and the related research, which improves the transfer service quality from three aspects: transfer service frequency, dynamic connection and transfer time. Taking transfer service frequency constraints and minimizing deficiency of transfer service frequency as part of objective function, the model not only considered the transfer demand resulted from no through train service but also considered increasing quick transfer service for transfer demand generated by insufficient frequency of through train service. The model made connection selection more flexible because the train connection pairs and the corresponding stations and time were all dynamically determined during timetable optimizing. By introducing connection selection and connection time coupling into constraints as well as minimal total connection time as objective function, the connection time was further optimized based on connection plan optimization. With the use of the model to design a cyclic timetable for Beijing—Shanghai high-speed rail with some joint lines, the effectiveness of the model was validated.
Well-designed transfer connections between trains are important to improve the transfer service quality of cyclic railway timetable. A multi-objective mixed integer designing model for cyclic railway timetable considering transfer connection optimization has been developed based on CPF Model and the related research, which improves the transfer service quality from three aspects: transfer service frequency, dynamic connection and transfer time. Taking transfer service frequency constraints and minimizing deficiency of transfer service frequency as part of objective function, the model not only considered the transfer demand resulted from no through train service but also considered increasing quick transfer service for transfer demand generated by insufficient frequency of through train service. The model made connection selection more flexible because the train connection pairs and the corresponding stations and time were all dynamically determined during timetable optimizing. By introducing connection selection and connection time coupling into constraints as well as minimal total connection time as objective function, the connection time was further optimized based on connection plan optimization. With the use of the model to design a cyclic timetable for Beijing—Shanghai high-speed rail with some joint lines, the effectiveness of the model was validated.
引文
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[3] GABRIO C C. Algorithmic Decision Support for Train Scheduling in a Large and Highly Utilised Railway Network[D].Zurich:Eidgen?ssische Technische Hocschule Zürich, 2009.
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[11] 聂磊,张渊. 计算机编制周期性列车运行图关键技术[J]. 中国铁道科学,2014,35(1):114-121.NIE Lei, ZHANG Yuan. Key Technologies for Computer Generation of Cyclic Train Timetable[J]. China Railway Science, 2014,35(1):114-121.
[12] 郭根材, 聂磊, 佟璐. 高速铁路网周期性列车运行图接续约束生成模型[J]. 铁道学报, 2015,37(8):1-7.GUO Gencai, NIE Lei, TONG Lu. Train Connection Model for Cyclic Timetable of High-speed Rail Network[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society,2015,37(8):1-7.
[13] 郭根材, 聂磊, 佟璐,等. 基于备选列车接续的周期性列车运行图编制模型研究[J]. 铁道学报, 2016, 38(8):8-15.GUO Gencai, NIE Lei, TONG Lu, et al. A New Cyclic Timetabling Model for Potential Connections[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society, 2016, 38(8):8-15.
[14] 郭根材. 高速铁路周期性列车接续方案编制理论与方法[D].北京:北京交通大学,2015.
[15] KROON L G, PEETERS L W P, WAGENAAR J C. Flexible Connections in Pesp Models for Cyclic Passenger Railway Timetabling[J]. Transportation Science, 2013, 48(1): 136-154.
[16] 苏焕银,史峰,张佩,等. 基于铁路有效路径的换乘方案快速搜索方法[J]. 铁道科学与工程学报,2016,13(12):2496-2502.SU Huanyin,SHI Feng,ZHANG Pei,et al. Fastsearch Algorithm of Transfer Scheme Based on Effective Paths in Railway Networks[J]. Journal of Railway Science and Engineering, 2016,13(12):2496-2502.
[2] PEETERS L W P. Cyclic Railway Timetable Optimization[D]. Rotterdam: Erasmus University Rotterdam, 2003.
[3] GABRIO C C. Algorithmic Decision Support for Train Scheduling in a Large and Highly Utilised Railway Network[D].Zurich:Eidgen?ssische Technische Hocschule Zürich, 2009.
[4] KROON L, MAROTI G, HELMRICH M R. Stochastic Improvement of Cyclic Railway Timetables[J]. Transportation Research, Part B: Methodological, 2008, 42(6):553-570.
[5] LIEBCHEN C. Periodic Timetable Optimization in Public Transport[D]. Berlin: Technische Universit?t Berlin, 2006.
[6] LIEBCHEN C,PEETERS L. Integral Cycle Bases for Cyclic Timetabling[J].Discrete Optimization, 2009,6(1):98-109.
[7] GOERIGK M, SCHOBEL A. Improving the Modulo Simplex Algorithm for Large-scale Periodic Timetableing[J]. Computers & Operations Research, 2013(40): 1363-1370.
[8] 汪波, 杨浩, 牛丰. 周期运行图编制模型与算法研究[J]. 铁道学报, 2007, 29(5):1-6.WANG Bo,YANG Hao, NIU Feng. Study on Model and Algorithm of Periodic Train Diagram Generation[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society, 2007, 29(5):1-6.
[9] 谢美全,聂磊. 周期性列车运行图编制模型研究[J].铁道学报,2009,31(4):7-13.XIE Meiquan,NIE Lei.Model of Cyclic Train Timetable[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society,2009,31(4):7-13.
[10] 李得伟, 丁世顺. 基于改进的PESP模型编制高速铁路周期性列车运行图的研究[J]. 中国铁道科学, 2017, 38(1):132-137.LI Dewei, DING Shishun.Research on Establishment of Periodic Train Working Diagram for High-speed Railway Based on Improved PESP Model[J]. China Railway Science, 2017, 38(1):132-137.
[11] 聂磊,张渊. 计算机编制周期性列车运行图关键技术[J]. 中国铁道科学,2014,35(1):114-121.NIE Lei, ZHANG Yuan. Key Technologies for Computer Generation of Cyclic Train Timetable[J]. China Railway Science, 2014,35(1):114-121.
[12] 郭根材, 聂磊, 佟璐. 高速铁路网周期性列车运行图接续约束生成模型[J]. 铁道学报, 2015,37(8):1-7.GUO Gencai, NIE Lei, TONG Lu. Train Connection Model for Cyclic Timetable of High-speed Rail Network[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society,2015,37(8):1-7.
[13] 郭根材, 聂磊, 佟璐,等. 基于备选列车接续的周期性列车运行图编制模型研究[J]. 铁道学报, 2016, 38(8):8-15.GUO Gencai, NIE Lei, TONG Lu, et al. A New Cyclic Timetabling Model for Potential Connections[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society, 2016, 38(8):8-15.
[14] 郭根材. 高速铁路周期性列车接续方案编制理论与方法[D].北京:北京交通大学,2015.
[15] KROON L G, PEETERS L W P, WAGENAAR J C. Flexible Connections in Pesp Models for Cyclic Passenger Railway Timetabling[J]. Transportation Science, 2013, 48(1): 136-154.
[16] 苏焕银,史峰,张佩,等. 基于铁路有效路径的换乘方案快速搜索方法[J]. 铁道科学与工程学报,2016,13(12):2496-2502.SU Huanyin,SHI Feng,ZHANG Pei,et al. Fastsearch Algorithm of Transfer Scheme Based on Effective Paths in Railway Networks[J]. Journal of Railway Science and Engineering, 2016,13(12):2496-2502.