浙江新昌早白垩世木化石新材料及内含真菌菌丝化石
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摘要
浙江新昌下白垩统馆头组是我国南方地区为数不多的白垩纪木化石产出层位。本文报道了新昌地区馆头组木化石新材料及其内含真菌菌丝化石。木化石具明显生长轮,管胞径壁纹孔南洋杉式(多数单列、椭圆形、紧挤排列,偶见双列互生排列);交叉场纹孔南洋杉式;木射线单列式,多数2~11个细胞高。当前木化石新材料具有与现生南洋杉科植物相类似的木材解剖特征,显示其应归入贝壳杉型木属(Agathoxylon Hartig)。鉴于该类型木化石的分类现状仍有待厘清,将其定为Agathoxylonsp.。木化石内含真菌菌丝化石,管状,具横隔,平直或弯曲,常以不同角度分叉,菌丝壁光滑,具典型的锁状联合,属于担子菌类。当前木化石木材组织具有明显的木材腐朽特征,与现代真菌造成的木材白腐一致,推断此真菌化石为木材白腐菌。新昌地区贝壳杉型木属木化石新材料的发现进一步丰富了馆头组木化石的多样性,有助于增进对南方地区早白垩世植物群组成特征的认识。当前真菌菌丝化石是我国南方地区首次发现白垩纪担子菌化石,为探究白垩纪时期森林生态系统真菌与植物的相互作用提供了新的化石证据。
The Lower Cretaceous Guantou Formation is considered as one of the few and significant horizons hosting Cretaceous petrified fossil woods in southern China.This study reports a well-preserved petrified wood with fungal infection found in the Guantou Formation in Xinchang, Zhejiang Province.Anatomically,the fossil wood is characterized by distinct growth rings(araucarian radial pitting,araucarioid cross-field pits,and uniseriate xylem rays).The fossil wood from Xinchang has similar anatomical characters as the extant Araucariaceae,and thus can be referred as to the genus Agathoxylon Hartig.Considering that the identification of Agathoxylonat species level is confused and problematic,the new fossil wood material is tentatively ascribed as Agathoxylon sp. Well-preserved fungal remains,represented by fungal hyphae with typical clamp-connection,were found within the fossil wood tissue.The occurrence of clamp-connection indicates that the fungal remains systematically belong to the Basidiomycota.The typical wood decay feature of the wood fossil resembles that of the extant white-rot,indicating that the current fungal remains should be white-rotting fungi.The finding of Agathoxylonsp.in the XInchang region further enriches the fossil wood diversity of the Guantou Formation,improving our understanding of the composition features of the Early Cretaceous fauna in southern China.The fungal remains represent the first record of the Cretaceous wood rotting fungi in southern China,and provide new fossil evidence for revealing the plant-fungal interaction in the Early Cretaceous forest ecosystem.
The Lower Cretaceous Guantou Formation is considered as one of the few and significant horizons hosting Cretaceous petrified fossil woods in southern China.This study reports a well-preserved petrified wood with fungal infection found in the Guantou Formation in Xinchang, Zhejiang Province.Anatomically,the fossil wood is characterized by distinct growth rings(araucarian radial pitting,araucarioid cross-field pits,and uniseriate xylem rays).The fossil wood from Xinchang has similar anatomical characters as the extant Araucariaceae,and thus can be referred as to the genus Agathoxylon Hartig.Considering that the identification of Agathoxylonat species level is confused and problematic,the new fossil wood material is tentatively ascribed as Agathoxylon sp. Well-preserved fungal remains,represented by fungal hyphae with typical clamp-connection,were found within the fossil wood tissue.The occurrence of clamp-connection indicates that the fungal remains systematically belong to the Basidiomycota.The typical wood decay feature of the wood fossil resembles that of the extant white-rot,indicating that the current fungal remains should be white-rotting fungi.The finding of Agathoxylonsp.in the XInchang region further enriches the fossil wood diversity of the Guantou Formation,improving our understanding of the composition features of the Early Cretaceous fauna in southern China.The fungal remains represent the first record of the Cretaceous wood rotting fungi in southern China,and provide new fossil evidence for revealing the plant-fungal interaction in the Early Cretaceous forest ecosystem.
引文
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