仔猪断奶后1周内血清生化指标、十二指肠形态结构及空肠中钠/葡萄糖共转运载体1与二肽转运载体1基因表达量的变化
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摘要
本试验旨在探讨仔猪在断奶前及断奶后1周内血清生化指标、十二指肠形态结构及空肠中钠/葡萄糖共转运载体1(SGLT1)和二肽转运载体1(PepT1)基因表达量的变化规律。试验选取20日龄仔猪55头,断奶前1天屠宰5头,余下50头仔猪在21日龄断奶,并分为5组(圈),每组10头仔猪,分别在断奶后第2、4和8天从每组各挑选1头仔猪屠宰。结果表明:1)与断奶前相比,血清碱性磷酸酶活性在断奶后第2天显著降低(P<0.05),在断奶后第8天极显著降低(P<0.01),血清钾离子含量在断奶后第4和8天显著增加(P<0.05),血清尿素氮含量在断奶后第2天极显著增加(P<0.01),在断奶后第8天又显著降低(P<0.05),血清免疫球蛋白G含量显著降低(P<0.05)。2)与断奶前相比,十二指肠绒毛高度在断奶后第2天极显著降低(P<0.01),断奶后第4天显著降低(P<0.05),隐窝深度在断奶后第2和4天均显著增加(P<0.05),两者比值在断奶后第2和4天均显著降低(P<0.05)。3)与断奶前相比,空肠中SGLT1基因表达量在断奶后均显著降低(P<0.05),空肠中PepT1基因表达量在断奶后第4和8天均显著降低(P<0.05)。由此表明,断奶1周内对仔猪生理机能造成了一定的应激;断奶降低了仔猪血清免疫球蛋白G含量,改变了仔猪十二指肠形态结构,降低了空肠中SGLT1和PepT1基因表达量,以断奶后第2和4天应激最强。
The experiment was conducted to investigate the changes in serum biochemical indices,duodenal morphology and expression levels of sodim-gluose transporter 1(SGLT1) and peptidetransporter 1(PepT1)genes in jejunum of piglets at pre-weaning and the first week post-weaning.A total of 55 piglets at 20 days of age were selected,five piglets were slaughtered at 1 d pre-weaning,and the remained 50 piglets(weaned at 21 days of age) were randomly divided to 5 groups(pens) with 10 piglets per pen.One piglet per pen was sacrificed on d 2,4 and 8 post-weaning,respectively.The results showed as follows:1) compared with pre-weaning,the alkaline phosphatase activity in serum on d 2 post-weaning was significantly decreased(P<0.05) and was very significantly decreased on d 4 post-weaning(P<0.01);serum potassium ion content was significantly increased on d 4 and 8 post-weaning(P<0.05);serum urea nitrogen content was very significantly increased on d 2 post-weaning(P<0.01) and significantly decreased on d 8 post-weaning(P<0.05);serum immunoglobulin G content was significantly decreased after weaning(P<0.05).2) Compared with pre-weaning,the duodenal villus height was significantly decreased on d 2 post-weaning(P<0.01) and d 4 post-weaning(P<0.05),crypt depth in duodenum was significantly enhanced on d 2 and 4 post-weaning(P<0.05),and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth was also significantly decreased on d 2 and 4 post-weaning(P<0.05).3)Compared with pre-weaning,the expression levels of SGLT1 gene in jejunum was also significantly decreased after weaning(P<0.05);the expression level of PepT1 gene in jejunum on d 4 and 8 post-weaning was significantly decreased(P<0.05).These results suggest that weaning on the first week causes a certain stress on physiological functions of piglets.Weaning reduces the serum immunoglobulin G content,changes the duodenal morphology,decreases the expression levels of SGLT1 and PepT1 genes in jejunum,which may affect the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates and proteins,especially on d 2 and 4 post-weaning.
The experiment was conducted to investigate the changes in serum biochemical indices,duodenal morphology and expression levels of sodim-gluose transporter 1(SGLT1) and peptidetransporter 1(PepT1)genes in jejunum of piglets at pre-weaning and the first week post-weaning.A total of 55 piglets at 20 days of age were selected,five piglets were slaughtered at 1 d pre-weaning,and the remained 50 piglets(weaned at 21 days of age) were randomly divided to 5 groups(pens) with 10 piglets per pen.One piglet per pen was sacrificed on d 2,4 and 8 post-weaning,respectively.The results showed as follows:1) compared with pre-weaning,the alkaline phosphatase activity in serum on d 2 post-weaning was significantly decreased(P<0.05) and was very significantly decreased on d 4 post-weaning(P<0.01);serum potassium ion content was significantly increased on d 4 and 8 post-weaning(P<0.05);serum urea nitrogen content was very significantly increased on d 2 post-weaning(P<0.01) and significantly decreased on d 8 post-weaning(P<0.05);serum immunoglobulin G content was significantly decreased after weaning(P<0.05).2) Compared with pre-weaning,the duodenal villus height was significantly decreased on d 2 post-weaning(P<0.01) and d 4 post-weaning(P<0.05),crypt depth in duodenum was significantly enhanced on d 2 and 4 post-weaning(P<0.05),and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth was also significantly decreased on d 2 and 4 post-weaning(P<0.05).3)Compared with pre-weaning,the expression levels of SGLT1 gene in jejunum was also significantly decreased after weaning(P<0.05);the expression level of PepT1 gene in jejunum on d 4 and 8 post-weaning was significantly decreased(P<0.05).These results suggest that weaning on the first week causes a certain stress on physiological functions of piglets.Weaning reduces the serum immunoglobulin G content,changes the duodenal morphology,decreases the expression levels of SGLT1 and PepT1 genes in jejunum,which may affect the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates and proteins,especially on d 2 and 4 post-weaning.
引文
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[2]PLUSKE J R,HAMPSON D J,WILLIAMS I H.Factors influencing the structure and function of the small intestine in the weaned pig:a review[J]Livestock Production Science,1997,51(1/2/3):215-236.
[3]WRIGHT E M,HIRSCH J R,LOO D D,et al.Regulation of Na+/glucose cotransporters[J]Journal of Experimental Biology,1997,200(2):287-293.
[4]SHEN H,SMITH D E,BROSIUSⅢF C.Developmental expression of PEPT1 and PEPT2 in rat small intestine,colon,and kidney[J].Pediatric Research,2001,49(6):789-795.
[5]黄志毅,邹仕庚,职爱民,等.猪肠道葡萄糖转运载体mRNA表达的组织分布特异性[C]//中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会第十次学术研讨会.杭州:中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会,2008.
[6]魏巍,刘洪杰,何仲贵.靶向肠道寡肽转运体1(PepT1)前药的研究进展[J].沈阳药科大学学报,2017,34(9):788-795.
[7]吴金节,龙彩虹,张德群,等.早期断奶应激对仔猪血清生化指标的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2000,20(3):261-263.
[8]朱孟玲,徐孝宙,张建生,等.小梅山猪及其二元杂交猪断奶前后血液指标的检测[J].畜牧与兽医,2011,43(7):66-69.
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[10]LACKEYRAM D,YANG C B,ARCHBOLD T,et al.Early weaning reduces small intestinal alkaline phosphatase expression in pigs[J].The Journal of Nutrition,2010,140(3):461-468.
[11]KOHN R A,DINNEEN M M,RUSSEK-COHEN E.Using blood urea nitrogen to predict nitrogen excretion and efficiency of nitrogen utilization in cattle,sheep,goats,horses,pigs,and rats[J].Journal of Animal Science,2005,83(4):879-889.
[12]李德发.猪的营养[M].北京:北京农业大学出版社,1996:365-368
[13]任曼,霍应峰,杨凤娟,等.仔猪断奶前后肠道形态和相关免疫蛋白基因表达的变化[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(3):614-619.
[14]TANG M,LAARVELD B,VAN KESSEL A G,e t al.Effect of segregated early weaning on postweaning small intestinal development in pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,1999,77(12):3191-3200.
[15]CERA K R,MAHAN D C,CROSS R F,et al.Effect of age,weaning and postweaning diet on small intestinal growth and jejunal morphology in young swine[J].Journal of Animal Science,1988,66(2):574-584.
[16]YANG H S,XIONG X,WANG X C,et al.Effects of weaning on intestinal crypt epithelial cells in piglets[J].Scientific Reports,2017,6:36939.
[17]WRIGHT E M.Renal Na+-glucose cotransporters[J].American Journal of Physiology Renal Physiology,2001,280(1):F10-F18.
[18]RODRIGUEZ S M,GUIMARAES K C,MATTHEWSJ C,et al.Influence of abomasal carbohydrates on small intestinal sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter activity and abundance in steers[J].Journal of Animal Science,2004,82(10):3015-3023.
[19]CAO M,CHE L Q,WANG J,et al.Effects of maternal over-and undernutrition on intestinal morphology,enzyme activity,and gene expression of nutrient transporters in newborn and weaned pigs[J].Nutrition,2014,30(11/12):1442-1447.
[20]张磊,王丽娜,石志敏,等.断奶前后仔猪十二指肠、空肠和回肠SGLT1 mRNA表达的变化及半胱胺的影响[J].农业生物技术学报,2006,14(6):850-854.
[21]张帅,刘婷婷,周琳,等.断奶仔猪小肠钠葡萄糖转运蛋白1和葡萄糖转运蛋白2 mRNA表达变化及饲粮添加谷氨酰胺对其的影响[J].动物营养学报,2011,23(6):983-990.
[22]邹仕庚,冯定远,黄志毅,等.猪肠道寡肽转运载体1(PepT1)mRNA表达的肠段特异性和发育性变化[J].农业生物技术学报,2009,17(2):229-236.
[23]ZHANG Y C,VIENNOIS E,ZHANG M Z,et al.PepT1 expression helps maintain intestinal homeostasis by mediating the differential expression of miRNAs along the crypt-villus axis[J].Scientific Reports,2016,6:27119.
[2]PLUSKE J R,HAMPSON D J,WILLIAMS I H.Factors influencing the structure and function of the small intestine in the weaned pig:a review[J]Livestock Production Science,1997,51(1/2/3):215-236.
[3]WRIGHT E M,HIRSCH J R,LOO D D,et al.Regulation of Na+/glucose cotransporters[J]Journal of Experimental Biology,1997,200(2):287-293.
[4]SHEN H,SMITH D E,BROSIUSⅢF C.Developmental expression of PEPT1 and PEPT2 in rat small intestine,colon,and kidney[J].Pediatric Research,2001,49(6):789-795.
[5]黄志毅,邹仕庚,职爱民,等.猪肠道葡萄糖转运载体mRNA表达的组织分布特异性[C]//中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会第十次学术研讨会.杭州:中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会,2008.
[6]魏巍,刘洪杰,何仲贵.靶向肠道寡肽转运体1(PepT1)前药的研究进展[J].沈阳药科大学学报,2017,34(9):788-795.
[7]吴金节,龙彩虹,张德群,等.早期断奶应激对仔猪血清生化指标的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2000,20(3):261-263.
[8]朱孟玲,徐孝宙,张建生,等.小梅山猪及其二元杂交猪断奶前后血液指标的检测[J].畜牧与兽医,2011,43(7):66-69.
[9]MELO A D B,SILVEIRA H,LUCIANO F B,et al.Intestinal alkaline phosphatase:potential roles in promoting gut health in weanling piglets and its modulation by feed additives-a review[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2016,29(1):16-22.
[10]LACKEYRAM D,YANG C B,ARCHBOLD T,et al.Early weaning reduces small intestinal alkaline phosphatase expression in pigs[J].The Journal of Nutrition,2010,140(3):461-468.
[11]KOHN R A,DINNEEN M M,RUSSEK-COHEN E.Using blood urea nitrogen to predict nitrogen excretion and efficiency of nitrogen utilization in cattle,sheep,goats,horses,pigs,and rats[J].Journal of Animal Science,2005,83(4):879-889.
[12]李德发.猪的营养[M].北京:北京农业大学出版社,1996:365-368
[13]任曼,霍应峰,杨凤娟,等.仔猪断奶前后肠道形态和相关免疫蛋白基因表达的变化[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(3):614-619.
[14]TANG M,LAARVELD B,VAN KESSEL A G,e t al.Effect of segregated early weaning on postweaning small intestinal development in pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,1999,77(12):3191-3200.
[15]CERA K R,MAHAN D C,CROSS R F,et al.Effect of age,weaning and postweaning diet on small intestinal growth and jejunal morphology in young swine[J].Journal of Animal Science,1988,66(2):574-584.
[16]YANG H S,XIONG X,WANG X C,et al.Effects of weaning on intestinal crypt epithelial cells in piglets[J].Scientific Reports,2017,6:36939.
[17]WRIGHT E M.Renal Na+-glucose cotransporters[J].American Journal of Physiology Renal Physiology,2001,280(1):F10-F18.
[18]RODRIGUEZ S M,GUIMARAES K C,MATTHEWSJ C,et al.Influence of abomasal carbohydrates on small intestinal sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter activity and abundance in steers[J].Journal of Animal Science,2004,82(10):3015-3023.
[19]CAO M,CHE L Q,WANG J,et al.Effects of maternal over-and undernutrition on intestinal morphology,enzyme activity,and gene expression of nutrient transporters in newborn and weaned pigs[J].Nutrition,2014,30(11/12):1442-1447.
[20]张磊,王丽娜,石志敏,等.断奶前后仔猪十二指肠、空肠和回肠SGLT1 mRNA表达的变化及半胱胺的影响[J].农业生物技术学报,2006,14(6):850-854.
[21]张帅,刘婷婷,周琳,等.断奶仔猪小肠钠葡萄糖转运蛋白1和葡萄糖转运蛋白2 mRNA表达变化及饲粮添加谷氨酰胺对其的影响[J].动物营养学报,2011,23(6):983-990.
[22]邹仕庚,冯定远,黄志毅,等.猪肠道寡肽转运载体1(PepT1)mRNA表达的肠段特异性和发育性变化[J].农业生物技术学报,2009,17(2):229-236.
[23]ZHANG Y C,VIENNOIS E,ZHANG M Z,et al.PepT1 expression helps maintain intestinal homeostasis by mediating the differential expression of miRNAs along the crypt-villus axis[J].Scientific Reports,2016,6:27119.