某陶瓷洁具生产企业职业病危害现状评价
|
摘要
目的 识别、分析与评价某生产项目可能产生的职业病危害因素及危害程度,确定建设项目的职业病危害类别,为制定职业病危害的预防与控制提供有效的对策。方法 依据国家相关标准,采用工程分析法、职业卫生学现场调查、职业病危害因素检测、职业健康检查等相结合的方法进行现状评价。结果 该企业在生产过程中产生的主要职业病危害因素包括粉尘、噪声、高温、一氧化碳、氮氧化物等。检测结果显示,64.1%的粉尘检测点、15.9%的噪声检测点、78.1%的高温检测点超过职业接触限值的要求。职业健康检查检出1名疑似尘肺病和20名职业禁忌证人员。结论 该企业属于严重的职业病危害风险企业,作业人员发生尘肺、听力损伤和中暑风险较高,需采取一系列有效的控制措施进行整改。
Objective To identify,analyze and evaluate occupational hazards and hazards that may occur in this production project,to identify occupational hazards categories for construction projects, effective measures for prevention and control of occupational hazards. Methods According to the relevant national standards, engineering analysis,on-site occupational health investigation,working environment monitoring and health examination were applied to synthetically analyze and evaluate the occupational hazards in the enterprise.Results The main occupational hazards existed in the enterprise were dust,noise,high temperature,carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides. The exceeding rate of occupational exposure limits about dust,noise and high temperature were 64.1%,15.9% and 78.1%,respectively. One suspected pneumoconiosis were found through health examination. Twenty workers were found not suitable for contacting dust,noise and high temperature through health examination.Conclusion Workers in the ceramic ware enterprise have high risk of developing pneumoconiosis,noise induced hearing loss and heat-stroke,so integrated occupational prevention measures should be taken to reduce occupational hazards.
Objective To identify,analyze and evaluate occupational hazards and hazards that may occur in this production project,to identify occupational hazards categories for construction projects, effective measures for prevention and control of occupational hazards. Methods According to the relevant national standards, engineering analysis,on-site occupational health investigation,working environment monitoring and health examination were applied to synthetically analyze and evaluate the occupational hazards in the enterprise.Results The main occupational hazards existed in the enterprise were dust,noise,high temperature,carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides. The exceeding rate of occupational exposure limits about dust,noise and high temperature were 64.1%,15.9% and 78.1%,respectively. One suspected pneumoconiosis were found through health examination. Twenty workers were found not suitable for contacting dust,noise and high temperature through health examination.Conclusion Workers in the ceramic ware enterprise have high risk of developing pneumoconiosis,noise induced hearing loss and heat-stroke,so integrated occupational prevention measures should be taken to reduce occupational hazards.
引文
[1] 中华人民共和国卫生部.GBZ 159-2004 工作场所空气中有害物质监测的采样规范[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2004.
[2] 中华人民共和国卫生部.GBZ/T 192.1-2007 工作场所空气中粉尘测定第1部分:总粉尘浓度[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2007.
[3] 中华人民共和国卫生部.GBZ/T 192.2-2007 工作场所空气中粉尘测定第2部分:呼吸性粉尘浓度[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2007.
[4] 中华人民共和国卫生部.GBZ/T 192.4-2007 工作场所空气中粉尘测定第4部分:游离二氧化硅含量[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2007.
[5] 中华人民共和国卫生部.GBZ/T 189.8-2007 工作场所物理因素测定第8部分:噪声[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2007.
[6] 中华人民共和国卫生部.GBZ/T 189.7-2007 工作场所物理因素测定第7部分:高温[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2007.
[7] 中华人民共和国卫生部.GBZ/T 160-2004 工作场所空气有毒物质测定[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2004.
[8] 中华人民共和国卫生部.GBZ 1-2010 工业企业设计卫生标准[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2010.
[9] 中华人民共和国卫生部.GBZ 2.1-2007 工作场所有害因素职业接触限值第1部分:化学有害因素[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2007.
[10] 中华人民共和国卫生部.GBZ 2.2-2007 工作场所有害因素职业接触限值第2部分:物理因素[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2007.
[11] 国家安全生产监督管理总局.AQ/T 4270-2015 用人单位职业病危害现状评价技术导则[S].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2015.
[12] 中华人民共和国卫生部.GBZ 188-2014 职业健康监护技术规范[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2014.
[13] 陈松根,李琼,李土华.职业性噪声对陶瓷工人听力影响的初步分析及防护措施评价[J].中国卫生工程学,2011,10(6):183-186.
[2] 中华人民共和国卫生部.GBZ/T 192.1-2007 工作场所空气中粉尘测定第1部分:总粉尘浓度[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2007.
[3] 中华人民共和国卫生部.GBZ/T 192.2-2007 工作场所空气中粉尘测定第2部分:呼吸性粉尘浓度[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2007.
[4] 中华人民共和国卫生部.GBZ/T 192.4-2007 工作场所空气中粉尘测定第4部分:游离二氧化硅含量[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2007.
[5] 中华人民共和国卫生部.GBZ/T 189.8-2007 工作场所物理因素测定第8部分:噪声[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2007.
[6] 中华人民共和国卫生部.GBZ/T 189.7-2007 工作场所物理因素测定第7部分:高温[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2007.
[7] 中华人民共和国卫生部.GBZ/T 160-2004 工作场所空气有毒物质测定[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2004.
[8] 中华人民共和国卫生部.GBZ 1-2010 工业企业设计卫生标准[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2010.
[9] 中华人民共和国卫生部.GBZ 2.1-2007 工作场所有害因素职业接触限值第1部分:化学有害因素[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2007.
[10] 中华人民共和国卫生部.GBZ 2.2-2007 工作场所有害因素职业接触限值第2部分:物理因素[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2007.
[11] 国家安全生产监督管理总局.AQ/T 4270-2015 用人单位职业病危害现状评价技术导则[S].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2015.
[12] 中华人民共和国卫生部.GBZ 188-2014 职业健康监护技术规范[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2014.
[13] 陈松根,李琼,李土华.职业性噪声对陶瓷工人听力影响的初步分析及防护措施评价[J].中国卫生工程学,2011,10(6):183-186.