从观念分析看俄语词квас(克瓦斯)的联想和社会文化意义
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摘要
Квас的词源语义在于揭示"饮料"、"羹"类物质和"酸"、"发酵,发酸"、"发泡"等一系列性质、性状,其概念义与一系列与之相关的制作原料及工艺有关,也可扩展指称"汽水"。Квас可以转义为"贫寒"、"国家日常生活老旧方式"。Квас的联想意义和社会文化意义呈现辩证性:квас兼具"冷"与"热"、"好"与"坏"、"悠久"与"陈旧"的联想义;квас象征基本生活诉求和贫穷,珍贵的东西和平凡的东西,成功与失败。在联想语境下,квас有"多样性"、"生活气息"、"家庭氛围"的特征,而在成语、俗语语境下,квас还能象征"原因"、"健康的生活方式"和"精神需求"。
The etymological meaning ofквасlies in revealing kinds of materials like "drinks"and"soup"as well as series of properties and traits such as"acid","fermentation,souring"and "foaming".The conceptual meaning ofквасis related to its series materials of productions and processes.Its conceptual meaning can also be extended to refer to"soft drinks".Квасcan be transferred as"poor","old ways of everyday life in the country".The associative and social-cultural meanings ofквасare dialectical:it combines the meanings of"cold"and "hot","good"and "bad","long-standing"and "old".It symbolizes basic life demands and poverty,precious things and ordinary things,success and failure.In associative context,квасis characterized by "diversity","smack of everyday life"and "family atmosphere".In the context of idioms and common sayings,квасcan also symbolize"causes","healthy life style"and"spiritual needs".
The etymological meaning ofквасlies in revealing kinds of materials like "drinks"and"soup"as well as series of properties and traits such as"acid","fermentation,souring"and "foaming".The conceptual meaning ofквасis related to its series materials of productions and processes.Its conceptual meaning can also be extended to refer to"soft drinks".Квасcan be transferred as"poor","old ways of everyday life in the country".The associative and social-cultural meanings ofквасare dialectical:it combines the meanings of"cold"and "hot","good"and "bad","long-standing"and "old".It symbolizes basic life demands and poverty,precious things and ordinary things,success and failure.In associative context,квасis characterized by "diversity","smack of everyday life"and "family atmosphere".In the context of idioms and common sayings,квасcan also symbolize"causes","healthy life style"and"spiritual needs".
引文
[1]Евгеньева А.П. Словарь русского языка в 4-х томах[M].Москва.:Русский Язык,1981-1984.
[2]Ларин С.А.Семантическая структура романа“Обломо в” вконтексте творчества и.А.Гончарова[M].Воронежский государственный педагогический университет,2008.
[3]Ожегов С.И. Словарь русского языка [M].Москва.:Русский Язык，,1983.
[4]Прохоров А.М.Советский энциклопедический словарь [M].Москва.:советская энциклопедия,1988.
[5]陈春红.从语言文化学视角对俄语中“面包”观念的分析[D].苏州大学,2013.
[6]董巧英.俄语词“хлеб”的语言文化阐释[D].沈阳师范大学,2012.
[7]黑龙江大学俄语系词典编辑室.大俄汉词典[M].商务印书馆,1985.
[8]李梅.俄语成语语言世界图景中“男人”和“女人”观念分析[D].吉林大学,2015.
[9]刘雅悦.俄语成语中观念词“醉酒”的语言文化分析[J].南京工程学院学报(社会科学版),2014(2).
[10]刘泽荣.俄汉大辞典[M].商务印书馆,1960.
[11]宋海莲.俄语语言文化视阈下的观念词“труд”[D].吉林大学,2011.
[12]杨利芳.俄语стыд的概念分析[J].中国俄语教学,2016(1).
[13]赵国栋.俄语душа的概念分析[J].解放军外国语学院学报,2012(2).
[14]朱思然.俄语观念词“судьба”研究[D].吉林大学,2011.
[15]朱琳娜.俄语谚语俗语中“欺骗”观念的语言文化学分析[D].湖南师范大学,2012.
(1)Этимологические онлайн-словари русского языка(https://lexicography.online)
(2)语料来源:Журнал ЖИЗНЬ—РУССКИЙ КВАС(http://inflistok.ru/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=154)Толковый словарь Даля онлайн(http://slovardalja.net/word.php?wordid=13068)Пословицы и поговорки про квас(http://sbornikmudrosti.ru/poslovicy-i-pogovorki-pro-kvas)Пословицы о квасе(http://posloviz.ru/category/kvas)Словари и энциклопедии на Академике(http://dic.academic.ru)Пословицы и поговорки о квасе(http://pogovorkiposlovicy.ru/eda/poslovicy-i-pogovorki-pro-kvas.html)
[2]Ларин С.А.Семантическая структура романа“Обломо в” вконтексте творчества и.А.Гончарова[M].Воронежский государственный педагогический университет,2008.
[3]Ожегов С.И. Словарь русского языка [M].Москва.:Русский Язык，,1983.
[4]Прохоров А.М.Советский энциклопедический словарь [M].Москва.:советская энциклопедия,1988.
[5]陈春红.从语言文化学视角对俄语中“面包”观念的分析[D].苏州大学,2013.
[6]董巧英.俄语词“хлеб”的语言文化阐释[D].沈阳师范大学,2012.
[7]黑龙江大学俄语系词典编辑室.大俄汉词典[M].商务印书馆,1985.
[8]李梅.俄语成语语言世界图景中“男人”和“女人”观念分析[D].吉林大学,2015.
[9]刘雅悦.俄语成语中观念词“醉酒”的语言文化分析[J].南京工程学院学报(社会科学版),2014(2).
[10]刘泽荣.俄汉大辞典[M].商务印书馆,1960.
[11]宋海莲.俄语语言文化视阈下的观念词“труд”[D].吉林大学,2011.
[12]杨利芳.俄语стыд的概念分析[J].中国俄语教学,2016(1).
[13]赵国栋.俄语душа的概念分析[J].解放军外国语学院学报,2012(2).
[14]朱思然.俄语观念词“судьба”研究[D].吉林大学,2011.
[15]朱琳娜.俄语谚语俗语中“欺骗”观念的语言文化学分析[D].湖南师范大学,2012.
(1)Этимологические онлайн-словари русского языка(https://lexicography.online)
(2)语料来源:Журнал ЖИЗНЬ—РУССКИЙ КВАС(http://inflistok.ru/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=154)Толковый словарь Даля онлайн(http://slovardalja.net/word.php?wordid=13068)Пословицы и поговорки про квас(http://sbornikmudrosti.ru/poslovicy-i-pogovorki-pro-kvas)Пословицы о квасе(http://posloviz.ru/category/kvas)Словари и энциклопедии на Академике(http://dic.academic.ru)Пословицы и поговорки о квасе(http://pogovorkiposlovicy.ru/eda/poslovicy-i-pogovorki-pro-kvas.html)