聚六亚甲基双胍盐酸盐与氟环唑对苹果斑点落叶病菌的联合毒力
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摘要
为明确聚六亚甲基双胍盐酸盐(Polyhexamethylene biguanidine hydrochloride,PHMB)与氟环唑(epoxiconazole)混配对苹果斑点落叶病菌(Alternaria alternata f.sp.mali)的联合作用类型及最佳配比,本研究采用菌丝生长速率法测定了聚六亚甲基双胍盐酸盐与氟环唑混配对苹果斑点落叶病菌的毒力。结果显示:聚六亚甲基双胍盐酸盐、氟环唑对苹果斑点落叶病菌的EC50分别为30.604、0.621 mg/L,二者以10:1、7:1、4:1、1:1、1:4、1:7、1:10这7个配比混合对苹果斑点落叶病菌的增效系数分别为1.41、1.55、1.59、1.57、1.09、1.12和1.14。氟环唑对苹果斑点落叶病菌的室内生物活性明显高于聚六亚甲基双胍盐酸盐。聚六亚甲基双胍盐酸盐与氟环唑以7:1、4:1、1:1这3个配比组合的增效系数均大于1.5,它们对苹果斑点落叶病菌均有增效作用。
The paper aims to clarify the joint effect and optimum ratio of mixed Polyhexamethylene biguanidinehydrochloride(PHMB) and epoxiconazole on Alternaria alternata f. sp. mali. The authors tested the toxicity ofmixed PHMB and epoxiconazole on A. alternata by mycelium growth rate method. The results showed that:EC50 value of PHMB and epoxiconazole on A. alternata was 30.604 and 0.621 mg/L, respectively, when 7 different mixture ratios of PHMB and epoxiconazole were 10:1, 7:1, 4:1, 1:1, 1:4, 1:7 and 1:10, the synergisticcoefficients were 1.41, 1.55, 1.59, 1.57, 1.09, 1.12 and 1.14, respectively; the indoor toxicity of epoxiconazoleon A. alternata was more active than that of PHMB. When the mixture ratios of PHMB and epoxiconazole were 7:1, 4:1 and 1:1, the synergistic coefficients were all greater than 1.5, so the 3 ratios of combination all hadsynergistic effects on A. alternata.
The paper aims to clarify the joint effect and optimum ratio of mixed Polyhexamethylene biguanidinehydrochloride(PHMB) and epoxiconazole on Alternaria alternata f. sp. mali. The authors tested the toxicity ofmixed PHMB and epoxiconazole on A. alternata by mycelium growth rate method. The results showed that:EC50 value of PHMB and epoxiconazole on A. alternata was 30.604 and 0.621 mg/L, respectively, when 7 different mixture ratios of PHMB and epoxiconazole were 10:1, 7:1, 4:1, 1:1, 1:4, 1:7 and 1:10, the synergisticcoefficients were 1.41, 1.55, 1.59, 1.57, 1.09, 1.12 and 1.14, respectively; the indoor toxicity of epoxiconazoleon A. alternata was more active than that of PHMB. When the mixture ratios of PHMB and epoxiconazole were 7:1, 4:1 and 1:1, the synergistic coefficients were all greater than 1.5, so the 3 ratios of combination all hadsynergistic effects on A. alternata.
引文
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[2]朱虹,任大明.苹果斑点落叶病病菌酯酶同工酶研究[J].中国果树,1994(3):12-13.
[3]杨军玉,王树桐,刘淑香,等.2010年全国苹果园病虫害发生及用药情况调查分析[J].北方园艺,2011(20):140-143.
[4]赵多长.甘肃天水地区苹果斑点落叶病发生及综合防治[J].中国果树,2010(3):60-61.
[5]吕松,王忆,张新忠,等.苹果斑点落叶病抗病性种质评价及遗传分析[J].中国农业大学学报,2012,17(4):68-74.
[6]Abe K,Iwanami H,Kotada N,et al.Evaluation of apple genotypes and Malus species for resistance to Alternaria blotch caused by Alternaria alternate apple pathotype using detached-leaf method[J].Plant Breeding,2010,129:208-218.
[7]赵进春,龚欣,刘立军,等.苹果不同品种斑点落叶病发病情况调查[J].中国南方果树,2001,30(6):58-59.
[8]Francois I E J A,Cammue B P A,Borgers M,et al.Azoles:Mode of antifungal action and resistance development.Effect of miconazole on endogenous reactive oxygen species production in Candida albicans[J].Anti-Infective Agents in Medicinal Chemistry,2006,5(1):3-13.
[9]杜晓蕾,胡同乐,曹克强.40%双胍三辛烷基苯磺酸盐可湿性粉剂对苹果斑点落叶病的室内毒力测定[A].2014年中国植物保护学会学术年会论文集[C].2014.
[10]侯珲,周增强,王丽.多种杀菌剂对苹果斑点落叶病的田间防治效果[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(28):151-155.
[11]时春喜,黄磊,惠浩浩,等.几种杀菌剂防治苹果斑点落叶病田间药效试验[J].西北农业学报,2011,20(11):188-191.
[12]潘金菊,慕卫,翟茹环,等.9种杀菌剂对苹果斑点落叶病菌和轮纹病菌的毒力比较[J].农药科学与管理,2006,27(6):16-18.
[13]耿忠义,赵京岚,任永攀,等.氰烯菌酯与己唑醇及其混配对小麦赤霉病菌的影响[J].农学学报,2011(10):29-32.
[14]宗兆锋,康振生.植物病理学原理[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2002:244-245.
[15]黄彰欣,植物化学保护实验指导[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2007:56-58.
[16]农业部农药检定所.NY/T1156.2—2006,农药室内生物测定试验准则杀菌剂第2部分:抑制病原真菌菌丝生长试验平皿法[S].北京:中国农业出版社,2006:1-2.
[17]耿忠义,赵京岚,任勇攀,等.咪鲜胺与噁霉灵及其混配对串珠镰刀菌和立枯丝核菌的影响[J].农学学报,2011(6):32-36.
[18]刘学敏,李立军.杀菌剂混剂的增效作用[J].农药科学与管理,2002,23(5):12-15.
[19]East G C,Mclntyre J E,Shao J.Polybiguanides,synthesis and characterization of polybiguanides containing hexamethylene groups[J].Polymer,1997,38(15):3973-3984.
[20]Hu Y,Du Y,Yang J,et al.Synthesis,characterization and antibacterial activity of guanidinyl ated chitosan[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2007,67(1):66-72.