北京市市售谷物及制品中真菌毒素污染状况的调查
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摘要
目的:了解北京市市售谷物中真菌毒素的污染状况,为北京市市售谷物提供基础数据。方法:2014—2016年在北京市11个区随机采集市售谷物374份,按照食品安全国家标准GB 2761 《食品中真菌毒素限量》规定的方法进行4种检测并进行评价。结果:小麦粉受脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)、玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)和伏马菌素B1的污染最严重,检出率超过83.3%;DON检出率达到100%;其他谷物各种真菌检出率较低,所有谷物的各种真菌污染水平均值未超过国家标准限值。结论:北京市市售大米、小麦粉、玉米、玉米面被真菌毒素污染。
Objective To understand the pollution situation of mycotoxins in grains and provide basic datas for commercially-available grains in Beijing city. Method A total of 374 copies of grains were selected in 11 areas of Beijing,random sampling method was used to get test and evaluate in accordance with the Limited Standard of Mycotoxins in Food. Result Deoxynivalenol(DON),zearalenone(ZEN)and fumonisin B1 were the most serious source of pollution in wheat flour,which detective rate was over 83.3%,and the detective rate of deoxynivalenol(DON)was up to 100%.The detective rate of fungaltoxin in other grains were relatively low,nevertheless,the levels of fungaltoxin pollution in all kinds of grains did not exceed the limit of national standard.Conclusion The market rice,wheat flour,corn and corn flour in Beijing city are under comparatively fungaltoxin contamination.
Objective To understand the pollution situation of mycotoxins in grains and provide basic datas for commercially-available grains in Beijing city. Method A total of 374 copies of grains were selected in 11 areas of Beijing,random sampling method was used to get test and evaluate in accordance with the Limited Standard of Mycotoxins in Food. Result Deoxynivalenol(DON),zearalenone(ZEN)and fumonisin B1 were the most serious source of pollution in wheat flour,which detective rate was over 83.3%,and the detective rate of deoxynivalenol(DON)was up to 100%.The detective rate of fungaltoxin in other grains were relatively low,nevertheless,the levels of fungaltoxin pollution in all kinds of grains did not exceed the limit of national standard.Conclusion The market rice,wheat flour,corn and corn flour in Beijing city are under comparatively fungaltoxin contamination.
引文
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[4]黄莹,朱晓鸣,韩冬,等.饲喂不同浓度黄曲霉毒素B1饲料对异育银鲫成鱼的生长和毒素积累的影响[J].水产生物学报,2012,36(5):817-824.
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[10]解魁,李彬,杨丽,等.2013年河南省部分食品中真菌毒素污染状况分析[J].现代预防医学,2015,42(21):3877-3879.
[11]胡佳薇,田丽,王彩霞,等.2012—2015年陕西省市售食品中黄曲霉毒素的污染调查[J].卫生研究,2016,45(5):762-765.
[12]傅红伟,胡茂红,刘晓青,等.江西省3例H10N8禽流感重症肺炎病例回顾性分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2014,35(10):1131-1134.
[13]Wild C P,Gong Y Y.Mycotoxins and human disease:a largely ignored global health issue[J].Carcinogenesis,2010,31(1):71-82.
[14]International Agency for Research on Cancer.Some naturally occurring substances:food items and constituents,heterocyclic aromatic amines and mycotoxins[J].IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans,1993(56):245-395.
[2]伍力,尹杰,冯泽猛,等.脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇毒理作用研究进展[J].生态毒理学报,2013,8(3):331-337.
[3]高凤,刘晓芳.玉米赤霉烯酮的毒理学研究进展[J].毒理学杂志,2012,26(1):55-58.
[4]黄莹,朱晓鸣,韩冬,等.饲喂不同浓度黄曲霉毒素B1饲料对异育银鲫成鱼的生长和毒素积累的影响[J].水产生物学报,2012,36(5):817-824.
[5]马皎洁,邵兵,林肖惠,等.我国部分地区2010年产谷物及其制品中多组分真菌毒素污染状况研究[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2011,23(6):481-488.
[6]孙长颢,凌文华,黄国伟.营养与食品卫生学[M].第7版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2012:308、310-311、314-315.
[7]中华人民共和国卫生部.GB 2761—2001食品安全国家标准食品中真菌毒素限量[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2012.
[8]国家食品安全风险评估中心.2015年国家食品污染物和有害因素风险监测工作手册[M].2015:438-447.
[9]王绪卿,吴永宁,陈君石.食品污染物监测低水平数据处理问题[J].中华预防医学杂志,2002,36(4):278-279.
[10]解魁,李彬,杨丽,等.2013年河南省部分食品中真菌毒素污染状况分析[J].现代预防医学,2015,42(21):3877-3879.
[11]胡佳薇,田丽,王彩霞,等.2012—2015年陕西省市售食品中黄曲霉毒素的污染调查[J].卫生研究,2016,45(5):762-765.
[12]傅红伟,胡茂红,刘晓青,等.江西省3例H10N8禽流感重症肺炎病例回顾性分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2014,35(10):1131-1134.
[13]Wild C P,Gong Y Y.Mycotoxins and human disease:a largely ignored global health issue[J].Carcinogenesis,2010,31(1):71-82.
[14]International Agency for Research on Cancer.Some naturally occurring substances:food items and constituents,heterocyclic aromatic amines and mycotoxins[J].IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans,1993(56):245-395.