海拉尔盆地旧桥凹陷伊敏组层序-古地理及聚煤特征
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摘要
基于海拉尔盆地旧桥凹陷是一个陆相断陷聚煤盆地,下白垩统伊敏组是其主要含煤地层,为了解决寻找优势聚煤区的问题,利用岩心、钻孔资料、测井资料等对其岩相类型、沉积相、层序-古地理及聚煤作用特征进行研究,提出了以区域不整合面和河流下切谷冲刷面为代表的2种类型层序界面,据此将伊敏组划分为3个三级层序,再运用单因素分析多因素综合作图法,以三级层序为作图单元,恢复古地理格局。研究结果表明:伊敏组含煤岩系古地理单元主要有河流、辫状河三角洲及湖泊等,从层序Ⅰ到层序Ⅲ,区内古地理单元从以三角洲-湖泊为主到以河流-三角洲为主的总体变浅的演化过程,物源主要来源于研究区西北和东南两个方向,并从层序Ⅰ到层序Ⅲ,煤层厚度逐渐减小,聚煤作用逐渐减弱。
Due to Jiuqiao Sag of Hailaer Basin was a continental down faulted coal accumulating basin and the Lower Cretaceous Yimin Formation was the main coal bearing strata,in order to solve the problem to seek a superiority coal accumulation area,the rock coring and drilling information,logging information and others were applied to study the lithofacies type,sedimentary facies,sequences-paleogeography and coal accumulation function features. The paper provided the regional unconformity surface and river incised valley washed surface as the represented two typical sequence interface and thus the Yimin Formation was divided into three third level sequences. A single factor analysis and multifactor comprehensive mapping method was applied to recover the palaeogeographic pattern with the three level sequence as a mapping unit. The study results showed that the palaeogeographic unit of the coal measures in Yimin Formation mainly would have rivers,braided river delta and lake as well as others. From Sequence Ⅰ to Sequence Ⅲ,the palaeogeographic unit in the area mainly with the delta-lake to mainly with the river-delta showed the evolution process of the general shoaling and the material sources were mainly came from the northwest and southeast of Hailaer Basin. From the Sequence Ⅰ to the Sequence Ⅲ,the thickness of the seam would steadily reduced and the coal accumulation function would be steadily weaken.
Due to Jiuqiao Sag of Hailaer Basin was a continental down faulted coal accumulating basin and the Lower Cretaceous Yimin Formation was the main coal bearing strata,in order to solve the problem to seek a superiority coal accumulation area,the rock coring and drilling information,logging information and others were applied to study the lithofacies type,sedimentary facies,sequences-paleogeography and coal accumulation function features. The paper provided the regional unconformity surface and river incised valley washed surface as the represented two typical sequence interface and thus the Yimin Formation was divided into three third level sequences. A single factor analysis and multifactor comprehensive mapping method was applied to recover the palaeogeographic pattern with the three level sequence as a mapping unit. The study results showed that the palaeogeographic unit of the coal measures in Yimin Formation mainly would have rivers,braided river delta and lake as well as others. From Sequence Ⅰ to Sequence Ⅲ,the palaeogeographic unit in the area mainly with the delta-lake to mainly with the river-delta showed the evolution process of the general shoaling and the material sources were mainly came from the northwest and southeast of Hailaer Basin. From the Sequence Ⅰ to the Sequence Ⅲ,the thickness of the seam would steadily reduced and the coal accumulation function would be steadily weaken.
引文
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[2]申家年,郭金荣,霍秋立,等.海拉尔盆地主要凹陷的成藏期[J].大庆石油学院学报,2005,29(2):1-3.SHEN Jianian,GUO Jinrong,HUO Qiuli,et al.Period and time of oil accumulation in major depressions,Hailaer Basin[J].Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,2005,29(2):1-3.
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[4]文全.海拉尔盆地下白垩统扇三角洲沉积特征[J].大庆石油学院学报,2011,35(3):17-24.WEN Quan.Sedimentary characteristic of Hailaer Basin in cretaceous[J].Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,2011,35(3):17-24.
[5]曹瑞成,李军辉,卢双舫,等.海拉尔盆地呼和湖凹陷白垩系层序地层特征及沉积演化[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2010,40(3):535-541.CAO Ruicheng,LI Junhui,LU Shuangfang,et al.Sequence stratigraphic character and sedimentary evolution of Cretaceous in Huhehu Depression,Hailaer Basin[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2010,40(3):535-541.
[6]陈学海,卢双舫,薛海涛,等.海拉尔盆地呼和湖凹陷白垩系地震相[J].石油勘探与开发,2011,38(3):321-335.CHEN Xuehai,Lu Shuangfang,XUE Haitao,et al.Seismic facies of the Cretaceous in the Huhehu Depression,Hailar Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2011,38(3):321-335.
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[8]崔军平,任战利,肖晖.海拉尔盆地呼和湖凹陷热演化史与油气关系[J].中国地质,2007,34(5):522-527.CUI Junping,REN Zhanli,XIAO Hui.Relations between the thermal history and petroleum generation in Huh Lake Depression,Hailar Basin[J].Geology in China,2007,34(5):522-527.
[9]王宇,景建安,崔建华,等.海拉尔盆地旧桥凹陷下白垩统伊敏组、大磨拐河组上段沉积相分析[J].世界核地质科学,2008(1):24-29.WANG Yu,JING Jianan,CUI Jianhua,Analysis on sedimentary facies of upper member in Yimin Formation and Damoguaihe Formation of Lower Cretaceous in Jiuqiao Sag of Hailer Basin[J].World Nuclear Geoscience,2008(1):24-29.
[10]袁红旗,柳成志,赵利华,等.海拉尔盆地查干诺尔凹陷下白垩统层序地层格架及沉积体系研究[J].地层学杂志,2008,32(4):397-405.YUAN Hongqi,LIU Chengzhi,ZHAO Lihua,et al.Study on the lower Cretaceous sequence stratigraphy and depositional systems in the Chagannuoer depression of Hailaer Basin[J].Journal of Stratigraphy,2008,32(4):397-405.
[11]文政,袁红旗,张晟,等.层序地层学在油气勘探中的应用:以海拉尔盆地查干诺尔凹陷白垩系为例[J].天然气工业,2008,28(9):32-36.WEN Zheng,YUAN Hongqi,ZHANG Sheng.Application of sequence stratigraphy to petroleum exploration:an example from the Cretaceous in Chaganuoer Sag,Hailaer Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(9):32-36.
[12]白雪峰,张海桥.海拉尔盆地巴彦呼舒凹陷烃源岩评价及油源对比[J].世界地质,2011,30(2):231-236.BAI Xuefeng,ZHANG Haiqiao.Evaluation on source rocks and the oil-source correlation in Bayanhushu Sag of Hailaer Basin[J].Global Geology,2011,30(2):231-236.
[13]韩莹.海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷层序地层学研究[D].大庆:东北石油大学,2011:16-67.
[14]赵小青,程日辉,于振峰,等.海拉尔盆地乌尔逊凹陷南一段物源:沉积体系与构造背景[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2015,45(1):61-78.ZHAO Xiaoqing,CHENG Rihui,YU Zhengfeng,et al.Provenancesedimentary system and tectonic setting of first member of Nantun Formation in Wuerxun Depression of Hailar Basin[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2015,45(1):61-78.
[15]姜洪福,张世广.复杂断块油田高分辨率层序地层学及砂体几何学特征-以海塔盆地贝尔凹陷呼和诺仁油田贝301区块南屯组二段为例[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2014,44(5):1419-1431.JIANG Hongfu,ZHANG Shiguang.High-resolution sequence stratigraphy and sandbody geometry characteristics of complicated fault oilfield:take the second segment of Nantun Group in Bei 301Region of Huhenuoren Oilfield of Beier Depression in Haita Basin for example[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2014,44(5):1419-1431.
[16]平贵东,吕延防,范立民,等.海拉尔盆地乌尔逊-贝尔凹陷油气富集规律及主控因素分析[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2013,44(10):4167-4178.PING Guidong,LYU Yanfang,FAN Linmin,et al.Rules and main controlling factors of hydrocarbon enrichment of Urxun—Beier Depression,Hailar Basin[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2013,44(10):4167-4178.
[17]郭彪,邵龙义,马施民,等.扎赉诺尔凹陷下白垩统含煤岩系层序-古地理与聚煤规律研究[J].中国煤炭地质,2015,27(3):6-11GUO Biao,SHAO Longyi,MA Shimin,et al.Lower Cretaceous coal-bearing strata sequence-Paleogeography and coal accumulation pattern in Zhalainuoer Depression[J].Coal Geology of China,2015,27(3):6-11
[18]郭彪,邵龙义,张强,等.内蒙古海拉尔盆地早白垩世含煤岩系层序地层与聚煤规律[J].古地理学报,2014,16(5):631-640.GUO Biao,SHAO Longyi,ZHANG Qiang,et al.Sequence stratigraphy and coal accumulation pattern of the early Cretaceous coal measures in Hailaer Basin,Inner Mongolia[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2014,16(5):631-640.
[19]朱筱敏.层序地层学[M].东营:石油大学出版社,2003.
[20]郭彪.海拉尔盆地早白垩世层序地层格架内聚煤模式研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2015.
[21]中国地质科学院.中国地层概论[M].北京:地质出版社,1982.
[22]VAIL P R.Seismic stratigraphy interpretation using sequence stratigraphy(Part 1):seismic stratigraphy interpretation procedure[J].American Association Petroleum Geology Studies in Geology,1987,27:1-10.
[23]HAQ B U,HARDENBOL J,VAIL P R.Chronology of fluctuating sea levels since the Triassic[J].Science,1987,4793(235):1156-1167.
[24]王帅,邵龙义,闫志明,等.二连盆地吉尔嘎朗图凹陷下白垩统赛汉塔拉组层序地层及聚煤特征[J].古地理学报,2015,17(3):393-403.WANG Shuai,SHAO Longyi,YAN Zhiming,et al.Sequence stratigraphy and coal accumulation of the Lower Cretaceous Saihantala Formation in Jiergalangtu Sag of Erlian Basin[J].Journal of Pelaeogeography,2015,17(3):393-403.
[25]邵龙义,鲁静,汪浩,等.中国含煤岩系层序地层学研究进展[J].沉积学报,2009 27(5):904-912.SHAO Longyi,LU Jing,WANG Hao,et al.Developments of coal measures sequence stratigraphy China[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2009 27(5):904-912.
[26]沈凤,张金亮.乌尔逊凹陷大磨拐河组沉积体的地震地层学解释[J].石油与天然气地质,1991,12(1):71-78,101-102.SHEN Feng,ZHANG Jinliang.Seismic stratigraphic interpretation of major sedimentary bodies in Damoguaihe Formation Wuerxun Depression[J].Oil&Gas Geology,1991,12(1):71-78,101-102.
[27]张鹏飞,彭苏萍,邵龙义.含煤岩系沉积环境分析[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1993:1-284.
[28]邵龙义,鲁静,魏克敏,等.四川攀枝花宝鼎盆地煤沉积环境与资源预测[M].北京:地质出版社,2011.
[29]姜在兴.沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2010:1-401.
[30]李思田.断陷盆地分析与煤聚集规律[M].北京:地质出版社,1988:1-367.