Cd对新型后置反硝化系统脱氮除磷的影响
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摘要
针对重金属Cd~(2+)对新型后置反硝化脱氮除磷性能影响不明确的现状,本研究建立序批式反应器并探究了不同剂量的Cd~(2+)对后置反硝化生物脱氮除磷的影响。结果表明,低质量浓度Cd~(2+)(0.1和0.5mg/L)对生物脱氮除磷影响不明显,然而当Cd~(2+)的质量浓度为2 mg/L,生物脱氮除磷效率分别为78.6%和79.5%,显著低于空白组。机理研究表明高质量浓度Cd~(2+)对NH+4-N的氧化影响不明显,然而反硝化过程却受到严重的抑制作用。此外Cd~(2+)的存在对厌氧释磷和好氧吸磷均有不同程度的抑制,当Cd~(2+)的质量浓度为2 mg/L时,厌氧最大释磷量为47 mg/L,聚羟基烷酸酯(PHA)的最大合成量为4.35 mmol/g,显著低于空白组。PHA的厌氧合成受阻从而导致好氧分解产能低,好氧吸磷不充分。
In order to solve the problem that the effect of heavy metal Cd~(2+)on the performance of biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal(BNPR) in novel post-denitrification system was not clear,in this study,sequencing batch reactors are set up and the effects of different dosages of Cd~(2+)on the BNPR are studied. The results show that low mass concentration of Cd~(2+)(0. 1 and 0. 5 mg/L) has no obvious effect on BNPR,however,when the mass concentration of Cd~(2+)is 2 mg/L,the efficiencies of BNPR are 78. 6 % and 79. 5 % respectively,significantly lower than those of blank group. The mechanism studies show that,the effect of high concentration of Cd~(2+)on the oxidation of NH+4-N is not obvious,but the denitrification process is severely inhibited. In addition,the presence of Cd~(2+)inhibites P anaerobic release and aerobic uptake and when the mass concentration of Cd~(2+)is 2 mg/L,the maximum amount of P anaerobic release is 47 mg/L,and the maximum amount of Polyhydroxyalkanoate(PHA) is 4. 35 mmol/g,significantly lower than those in blank. PHA anaerobic synthesis is blocked,resulting in low decomposition of aerobic capacity and the aerobic phosphorus is not sufficient.
In order to solve the problem that the effect of heavy metal Cd~(2+)on the performance of biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal(BNPR) in novel post-denitrification system was not clear,in this study,sequencing batch reactors are set up and the effects of different dosages of Cd~(2+)on the BNPR are studied. The results show that low mass concentration of Cd~(2+)(0. 1 and 0. 5 mg/L) has no obvious effect on BNPR,however,when the mass concentration of Cd~(2+)is 2 mg/L,the efficiencies of BNPR are 78. 6 % and 79. 5 % respectively,significantly lower than those of blank group. The mechanism studies show that,the effect of high concentration of Cd~(2+)on the oxidation of NH+4-N is not obvious,but the denitrification process is severely inhibited. In addition,the presence of Cd~(2+)inhibites P anaerobic release and aerobic uptake and when the mass concentration of Cd~(2+)is 2 mg/L,the maximum amount of P anaerobic release is 47 mg/L,and the maximum amount of Polyhydroxyalkanoate(PHA) is 4. 35 mmol/g,significantly lower than those in blank. PHA anaerobic synthesis is blocked,resulting in low decomposition of aerobic capacity and the aerobic phosphorus is not sufficient.
引文
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[13]SHEN J,ZHANG L,ZHU Y,et al.Abundance and composition of ammonia‐oxidizing bacteria and ammonia‐oxidizing archaea communities of an alkaline sandy loam[J].Environmental Microbiology,2008,10(6):1601-1611.
[2]于庆满,颜家保.生物脱氮新工艺的研究进展[J].工业安全与环保,2005,31(6):22-24.
[3]CHEN H,WANG D,LI X,et al.Effects of Cd(II)on wastewater biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal[J].Chemosphere,2014,117:27-32.
[4]OLABARRIETA I,L’AZOU B,YURIC S,et al.In vitro effects of cadmium on two different animal cell models[J].Toxicology in vitro,2001,15(4):511-517.
[5]BALBI T,SMERILLI A,FABBRI R,et al.Co-exposure to n-Ti O2and Cd2+results in interactive effects on biomarker responses but not in increased toxicity in the marine bivalve M.galloprovincialis[J].Science of the Total Environment,2014,493:355-364.
[6]HAZEEM L J,BOUOUDINA M,DEWAILLY E,et al.Toxicity effect of graphene oxide on growth and photosynthetic pigment of the marine alga Picochlorum sp.during different growth stages[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2017,24(4):4144-4152.
[7]SINHA K,PAL P B,SIL P C.Cadmium(Cd2+)exposure differentially elicits both cell proliferation and cell death related responses in SK-RC-45[J].Toxicology in Vitro,2014,28(2):307-318.
[8]TAHER M A,DALIRI Z,FAZELIRAD H.Simultaneous extraction and preconcentration of copper,silver and palladium with modified alumina and their determination by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry[J].Chinese Chemical Letters,2014,25(4):649-654.
[9]ZHAO J,WANG D,LI X,et al.Improved biological phosphorus removal induced by an oxic/extended-idle process using glycerol and acetate at equal fractions[J].Rsc Advances,2016,6(89):86165-86173.
[10]DUBOIS M,GILLES K A,HAMILTON J K,et al.Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances[J].Analytical chemistry,1956,28(3):350-356.
[11]VAIOPOULOU E,GIKAS P.Effects of chromium on activated sludge and on the performance of wastewater treatment plants:a review[J].Water Research,2012,46(3):549-570.
[12]LI X,CHEN H,YANG Q,et al.Biological nutrient removal in a sequencing batch reactor operated as oxic/anoxic/extended-idle regime[J].Chemosphere,2014,105:75-81.
[13]SHEN J,ZHANG L,ZHU Y,et al.Abundance and composition of ammonia‐oxidizing bacteria and ammonia‐oxidizing archaea communities of an alkaline sandy loam[J].Environmental Microbiology,2008,10(6):1601-1611.