等离子体聚合废植物油及其润滑性能
|
摘要
通过氮气和氩气等离子体聚合废植物油(WO)分别得到高黏度聚合油(WPAR和WPN2)。经凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)和1 H-NMR分析可知,WPAR和WPN2主要由单体的二聚体及分子量更高的齐聚物组成,是在等离子体作用下通过双自由基中间体的链增长聚合和Diels-Alder加成反应得到。四球机测试结果表明:WPAR和WPN2的最大无卡咬负荷(PB)分别达到803.6N和1 254.0N,超过了同黏度级别矿物油150BS的承载能力。在测试载荷中WPN2的磨斑直径(WSD)均小于WPAR,显示出优良的抗磨性能。与150BS相比,WPN2展现出较好的减摩性能。
Polymerized oils(WPAR and WPN2)with high viscosity were obtained by argon and nitrogen plasma polymerization of waste vegetable oil(WO).As shown by GPC and 1 H-NMR analysis,the plasma polymers WPAR and WPN2,which consisted of dimers and higher molecular weight oligomers of WO,were obtained by the chain-growth polymerization of the diradical intermediate and Diels-Alder addition.The results from the four-ball tester demonstrated that the PB values of WPAR and WPN2 reached 803.6Nand 1 254.0N,respectively,both surpassed the load-carrying capacity of mineral oil 150BS with the same viscosity grade.With the same tested loads the wear scar diameters(WSD)of WPN2 were all smaller than those of WPAR,which showed excellent anti-wear ability.Compared to mineral oil 150BS,WPN2showed better friction-reducing performance.
Polymerized oils(WPAR and WPN2)with high viscosity were obtained by argon and nitrogen plasma polymerization of waste vegetable oil(WO).As shown by GPC and 1 H-NMR analysis,the plasma polymers WPAR and WPN2,which consisted of dimers and higher molecular weight oligomers of WO,were obtained by the chain-growth polymerization of the diradical intermediate and Diels-Alder addition.The results from the four-ball tester demonstrated that the PB values of WPAR and WPN2 reached 803.6Nand 1 254.0N,respectively,both surpassed the load-carrying capacity of mineral oil 150BS with the same viscosity grade.With the same tested loads the wear scar diameters(WSD)of WPN2 were all smaller than those of WPAR,which showed excellent anti-wear ability.Compared to mineral oil 150BS,WPN2showed better friction-reducing performance.
引文
[1]Lathi P S,Mattiasson B.Green approach for the preparation of biodegradable lubricant base stock from epoxidized vegetable oil[J].Applied Catalysis B:Environmental,2007,69(3):207-212.
[2]Sharma B K,Liu Z,Adhvaryu A,et al.One-pot synthesis of chemically modified vegetable oils[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2008,56(9):3049-3056.
[3]李清华,陶德华,王彬,等.化学改性豆油的流变学特性及氧化稳定性研究[J].润滑与密封,2008,33(5):64-67.
[4]王彬,陶德华,蒋海珍.可生物降解二聚酸酯类的合成及其摩擦磨损性能研究[J].摩擦学学报,2005,25(5):403-407.
[5]Biswas A,Adhvaryu A,Stevenson D G,et al.Microwave irradiation effects on the structure,viscosity,thermal properties and lubricity of soybean oil[J].Industrial Crops and Products,2007,25(1):1-7.
[6]龙来早,吾满江,艾力,等.高氯酸-离子液体复合催化油酸聚合反应工艺[J].化工进展,2009,28(5):800-804.
[7]Cermak S C,Bredsguard J W,John B L,et al.Synthesis and physical properties of new estolide esters[J].Industrial Crops&Products,2013,46:386-391.
[8]Carton O,Ben Salem D,Bhatt S,et al.Plasma polymerization of acrylic acid by atmospheric pressure nitrogen plasma jet for biomedical applications[J].Plasma Processes and Polymers,2012,9(10):984-993.
[9]Girard-Lauriault P L,Desjardins P,Unger W E,et al.Chemical characterisation of nitrogen-rich plasma-polymer films deposited in dielectric barrier discharges at atmospheric pressure[J].Plasma Processes and Polymers,2008,5(7):631-644.
[10]Truica-Marasescu F,Wertheimer M R.Nitrogen-rich plasmapolymer films for biomedical applications[J].Plasma Processes and Polymers,2008,5(1):44-57.
[11]Yasuda H.Plasma Polymerization[M].London:Academic Press,1985:72-177.
[12]Wheale S,Barker C,Badyal J.Chemical reaction pathways at the plasma-polymer interface[J].Langmuir,1998,14(23):6699-6704.
[13]Adhvaryu A,Erhan S,Perez J.Tribological studies of thermally and chemically modified vegetable oils for use as environmentally friendly lubricants[J].Wear,2004,257(3):359-367.
[14]Ratoi M,Anghel V,Bovington C,et al.Mechanisms of oiliness additives[J].Tribology International,2000,33(3):241-247.
[15]Jahanmir S,Beltzer M.Effect of additive molecular structure on friction coefficient and adsorption[J].Journal of Tribology,1986,108(1):109-116.
[16]Dilsiz N,Akovali G.Plasma polymerization of selected organic compounds[J].Polymer,1996,37(2):333-342.
[17]Hayakawa R,Yoshimura T,Ashida A,et al.Analysis of nitrogen plasma generated by apulsed plasma system near atmospheric pressure[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2004,96(11):6094-6096.
[18]Yasuda H,Marsh H,Bumgarner M,et al.Polymerization of organic compounds in an electrodeless glow discharge:VI.Acetylene with unusual comonomers[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,1975,19(10):2845-2858.
[19]He Zhongyi,Rao Wenqi,Ren Tianhui,et al.The tribochemical study of some N-containing heterocyclic compounds as lubricating oil additives[J].Tribology Letters,2002,13(2):87-93.
[20]Ren T,Liu W,Xue Q,et al.The effect of molecular structure of N-containing heterocyclic compounds on their wear properties[J].Lubrication Science,1993,5(3):205-212.
[21]Liu Weimin,Hu Yanhong,He Zhiming,et al.Friction and wear behaviour of an Al-Si alloy against steel lubricated with N-and O-containing organic compounds[J].Lubrication Science,1998,11(1):37-49.
[22]Bowden F P,Tabor D.The Friction and Lubrication of Solids[M].New York:Oxford University Press,2001:285-298.
[23]Jayadas N,Prabhakaran Nair K.Tribological evaluation of coconut oil as an environment-friendly lubricant[J].Tribology International,2007,40(2):350-354.
[24]Zhang Junyan,Liu Weimin,Xue Qunji.The friction and wear behaviors of some O-containing organic compounds as additives in liquid paraffin[J].Wear,1998,219(1):124-127.
[2]Sharma B K,Liu Z,Adhvaryu A,et al.One-pot synthesis of chemically modified vegetable oils[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2008,56(9):3049-3056.
[3]李清华,陶德华,王彬,等.化学改性豆油的流变学特性及氧化稳定性研究[J].润滑与密封,2008,33(5):64-67.
[4]王彬,陶德华,蒋海珍.可生物降解二聚酸酯类的合成及其摩擦磨损性能研究[J].摩擦学学报,2005,25(5):403-407.
[5]Biswas A,Adhvaryu A,Stevenson D G,et al.Microwave irradiation effects on the structure,viscosity,thermal properties and lubricity of soybean oil[J].Industrial Crops and Products,2007,25(1):1-7.
[6]龙来早,吾满江,艾力,等.高氯酸-离子液体复合催化油酸聚合反应工艺[J].化工进展,2009,28(5):800-804.
[7]Cermak S C,Bredsguard J W,John B L,et al.Synthesis and physical properties of new estolide esters[J].Industrial Crops&Products,2013,46:386-391.
[8]Carton O,Ben Salem D,Bhatt S,et al.Plasma polymerization of acrylic acid by atmospheric pressure nitrogen plasma jet for biomedical applications[J].Plasma Processes and Polymers,2012,9(10):984-993.
[9]Girard-Lauriault P L,Desjardins P,Unger W E,et al.Chemical characterisation of nitrogen-rich plasma-polymer films deposited in dielectric barrier discharges at atmospheric pressure[J].Plasma Processes and Polymers,2008,5(7):631-644.
[10]Truica-Marasescu F,Wertheimer M R.Nitrogen-rich plasmapolymer films for biomedical applications[J].Plasma Processes and Polymers,2008,5(1):44-57.
[11]Yasuda H.Plasma Polymerization[M].London:Academic Press,1985:72-177.
[12]Wheale S,Barker C,Badyal J.Chemical reaction pathways at the plasma-polymer interface[J].Langmuir,1998,14(23):6699-6704.
[13]Adhvaryu A,Erhan S,Perez J.Tribological studies of thermally and chemically modified vegetable oils for use as environmentally friendly lubricants[J].Wear,2004,257(3):359-367.
[14]Ratoi M,Anghel V,Bovington C,et al.Mechanisms of oiliness additives[J].Tribology International,2000,33(3):241-247.
[15]Jahanmir S,Beltzer M.Effect of additive molecular structure on friction coefficient and adsorption[J].Journal of Tribology,1986,108(1):109-116.
[16]Dilsiz N,Akovali G.Plasma polymerization of selected organic compounds[J].Polymer,1996,37(2):333-342.
[17]Hayakawa R,Yoshimura T,Ashida A,et al.Analysis of nitrogen plasma generated by apulsed plasma system near atmospheric pressure[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2004,96(11):6094-6096.
[18]Yasuda H,Marsh H,Bumgarner M,et al.Polymerization of organic compounds in an electrodeless glow discharge:VI.Acetylene with unusual comonomers[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,1975,19(10):2845-2858.
[19]He Zhongyi,Rao Wenqi,Ren Tianhui,et al.The tribochemical study of some N-containing heterocyclic compounds as lubricating oil additives[J].Tribology Letters,2002,13(2):87-93.
[20]Ren T,Liu W,Xue Q,et al.The effect of molecular structure of N-containing heterocyclic compounds on their wear properties[J].Lubrication Science,1993,5(3):205-212.
[21]Liu Weimin,Hu Yanhong,He Zhiming,et al.Friction and wear behaviour of an Al-Si alloy against steel lubricated with N-and O-containing organic compounds[J].Lubrication Science,1998,11(1):37-49.
[22]Bowden F P,Tabor D.The Friction and Lubrication of Solids[M].New York:Oxford University Press,2001:285-298.
[23]Jayadas N,Prabhakaran Nair K.Tribological evaluation of coconut oil as an environment-friendly lubricant[J].Tribology International,2007,40(2):350-354.
[24]Zhang Junyan,Liu Weimin,Xue Qunji.The friction and wear behaviors of some O-containing organic compounds as additives in liquid paraffin[J].Wear,1998,219(1):124-127.