短期限饲对生长肉兔脂肪组织中脂质代谢的影响
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摘要
本试验旨在研究短期限饲对生长肉兔脂肪组织中脂质代谢相关基因表达和相关信号通路的影响,阐明生长肉兔能量稳态的调节机制。试验选用40日龄、体重相近的伊拉肉兔40只,随机分为2组:对照组(自由采食组)和限饲组(饲喂量是对照组的70%左右),每组20个重复,每个重复1只兔,试验持续5 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,短期限饲显著降低了生长肉兔的日增重(P<0.05),有降低生长肉兔体内总脂肪沉积量的趋势,对生长肉兔体内肩胛脂肪和肾周脂肪沉积量影响均不显著(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,短期限饲显著降低了脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)、乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(ACC)、脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)的基因表达(P<0.05),却显著升高了过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体(PPARα、PPARγ)、肉碱脂酰转移酶(CPT1、CPT2)和G蛋白偶联受体(GPR41)的基因表达(P<0.05),对激素敏感脂肪酶(HSL)和G蛋白偶联受体(GPR43)的基因表达无显著影响(P>0.05)。3)与对照组相比,短期限饲对脂肪中甘油三酯(TG)的浓度和磷酸化的磷酸腺苷激活蛋白酶(AMPK)蛋白表达水平无显著影响(P>0.05)。综上,短期限饲可抑制生长肉兔脂肪组织中脂肪酸的合成,促进脂肪酸分解; PPARα和GPR41信号通路可能参与了生长肉兔脂肪组织能量稳态的调节。
The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of short-term feed restriction on lipid metabolism related genes expression and related signaling pathways in adipose tissue of growing meat rabbits,and to illustrate the regulation mechanism of energy homeostasis of growing meat rabbits.A total of 40 IRA rabbits with a similar weight at 40 days of age were randomly divided into 2 groups:the control group(free feeding group) and the feed restriction group(the feeding amount was about 70% of the control group),each group had 20 repetitions with 1 rabbit each.The test lasted for 5 days.The results showed as follow s:1) compared with the control group,short-term feed restriction significantly reduced the daily weight gain of growing meat rabbits(P<0.05),reduced the total fat deposition in growing meat rabbits,and had no significant effect on the shoulder fat and perirenal fat deposition in growing meat rabbits(P > 0.05).2) Compared with the control group,short-term feed restriction significantly reduced the gene expressions of fatty acid synthetase(FAS),acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase(ACC) and lipoprotein lipase(LPL)(P < 0.05),but significantly increased the gene expressions of peroxisome proliferators activate receptors(PPARα,PPARγ),carnitine acyl transferase(CPT1,CPT2) and G-protein-coupled receptors(GPR41)(P<0.05),but had no significant influence on the gene expressions of hormone-sensitive lipase(HSL) and G-protein-coupled receptors(G PR43) in adipose tissue(P>0.05).3) Compared with the control group,short-term feed restriction had no significant effect on the triglyceride(TG) concentration in adipose tissue and phosphorylation of adenosine 5'-monophosphate(AM P)-activated protein kinase(AM PK) protein expression(P>0.05).In conclusion,short-term feed restriction can inhibit the synthesis of fatty acids and promote the decomposition of fatty acids in adipose tissue of growing meat rabbits.The PPARα and GPR41 signal channels may be involved in the regulation of energy homeostasis in adipose tissue of growing meat rabbits.
The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of short-term feed restriction on lipid metabolism related genes expression and related signaling pathways in adipose tissue of growing meat rabbits,and to illustrate the regulation mechanism of energy homeostasis of growing meat rabbits.A total of 40 IRA rabbits with a similar weight at 40 days of age were randomly divided into 2 groups:the control group(free feeding group) and the feed restriction group(the feeding amount was about 70% of the control group),each group had 20 repetitions with 1 rabbit each.The test lasted for 5 days.The results showed as follow s:1) compared with the control group,short-term feed restriction significantly reduced the daily weight gain of growing meat rabbits(P<0.05),reduced the total fat deposition in growing meat rabbits,and had no significant effect on the shoulder fat and perirenal fat deposition in growing meat rabbits(P > 0.05).2) Compared with the control group,short-term feed restriction significantly reduced the gene expressions of fatty acid synthetase(FAS),acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase(ACC) and lipoprotein lipase(LPL)(P < 0.05),but significantly increased the gene expressions of peroxisome proliferators activate receptors(PPARα,PPARγ),carnitine acyl transferase(CPT1,CPT2) and G-protein-coupled receptors(GPR41)(P<0.05),but had no significant influence on the gene expressions of hormone-sensitive lipase(HSL) and G-protein-coupled receptors(G PR43) in adipose tissue(P>0.05).3) Compared with the control group,short-term feed restriction had no significant effect on the triglyceride(TG) concentration in adipose tissue and phosphorylation of adenosine 5'-monophosphate(AM P)-activated protein kinase(AM PK) protein expression(P>0.05).In conclusion,short-term feed restriction can inhibit the synthesis of fatty acids and promote the decomposition of fatty acids in adipose tissue of growing meat rabbits.The PPARα and GPR41 signal channels may be involved in the regulation of energy homeostasis in adipose tissue of growing meat rabbits.
引文
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[23]KIMURA I,INOUE D,MAEDA T,et al.Short-chain fatty acids and ketones directly regulate sympathetic nervous system via G protein-coupled receptor 41(GPR41)[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2011,108(19):8030-8035.
[24]FU C Y,LIU L,GAO Q,et al.Cloning,molecular characterization,and spatial and developmental expression analysis of G PR41 and G PR43 genes in New Zealand rabbits[J].Animal,2017,11(10):1798-1806.
[25]LI G L,YAO W,JIANG H L.Short-chain fatty acids enhance adipocyte differentiation in the stromal vascular fraction of porcine adipose tissue[J].Journal of Nutrition,2014,144(12):1887-1895.
[26]MCFADDEN J W,CORL B A.Activation of AMPactivated protein kinase(AM PK)inhibits fatty acid synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells[J].Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications,2009,390(3):388-393.
[27]DAGON Y,AVRAHAM Y,BERRY E M.AMPK activation regulates apoptosis,adipogenesis,and lipolysis by eIF2αin adipocytes[J].Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications,2006,340(1):43-47.
[28]HUANG B,YUAN H D,KIM D Y,et al.Cinnamaldehyde prevents adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis via regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ(PPARγ)and AM P-activated protein kinase(AM PK)pathways[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2011,59(8):3666-3673.
[29]HU X Y,LIU L,SONG Z G,et al.Effects of feed deprivation on the AM PK signaling pathway in skeletal muscle of broiler chickens[J].Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B:Biochemistry and M olecular Biology,2016,191:146-154.
[2]JOLLY R A,CIURLIONIS R,MORFITT D,et al.Microvesicular steatosis induced by a short chain fatty acid:effects on mitochondrial function and correlation with gene expression[J].Toxicologic Pathology,2004,32(Suppl.2):19-25.
[3]LOVATTO P A,SAUVANT D,NOBLET J,et al.Effects of feed restriction and subsequent refeeding on energy utilization in growing pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2006,84(12):3329-3336.
[4]GIDENNE T,PEREZ J M.Effect of dietary starch origin on digestion in the rabbit.2.Starch hydrolysis in the small intestine,cell wall degradation and rate of passage measurements[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,1993,42(3/4):249-257.
[5]ROMMERS J M,MEIJERHOF R,NOORDHUIZEN J P,et al.Effect of feeding program during rearing and age at first insemination on performances during subsequent reproduction in young rabbit does[J].Reproduction Nutrition Development,2004,44(4):321-332.
[6]De Blas J C.Nutritional impact on health and performance in intensively reared rabbits[J].Animal,2013,7(Suppl.1):102-111.
[7]TMOVE,VOLEK Z,CHODOVD,et al.The effect of 1-week feed restriction on performance,digestibility of nutrients and digestive system development in the growing rabbit[J].Animal,2016,10(1):1-9.
[8]GIDENNE T,COMBES S,FEUGIER A,et al.Feed restriction strategy in the growing rabbit.2.Impact on digestive health,grow th and carcass characteristics[J].Animal,2009,3(4):509-515.
[9]GIDENNE T,FEUGIER A.Feed restriction strategy in the growing rabbit.1.Impact on digestion,rate of passage and microbial activity[J].Animal,2009,3(4):501-508.
[10]MERSMANN H J.Lipoprotein and hormone-sensitive lipases in porcine adipose tissue[J].Journal of Animal Science,1998,76(5):1396-1404.
[11]GOBIN S,THUILLIER L,JOGL G,et al.Functional and structural basis of carnitine palmitoyltransferase1A deficiency[J].Journal of Biological Chemistry,2003,278(50):50428-50434.
[12]WANG Y X,FRIED S R,PETERSEN R N,et al.Somatotropin regulates adipose tissue metabolism in neonatal swine[J].Journal of Nutrition,1999,129(1):139-145.
[13]LIU L,SONG Z G,JIAO H C,et al.Glucocorticoids increase NPY gene expression via hypothalamic AM PK signaling in broiler chicks[J].Endocrinology,2014,155(6):2190-2198.
[14]WANG X J,XU S H,LIU L,et al.Dietary fat alters the response of hypothalamic neuropeptide Y to subsequent energy intake in broiler chickens[J].Journal of Experimental Biology,2016,220(4):607-614.
[15]TAKAHASHI Y,IDE T.Effect of dietary fats differing in degree of unsaturation on gene expression in rat adipose tissue[J].Annals of Nutrition and M etabolism,1999,43(2):86-97.
[16]张慧,徐良梅,牛树鹏,等.肉种鸡产蛋中期饲粮能量限饲对子代脂肪代谢的影响[C]//中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会第十一次全国动物营养学术研讨会.长沙:中国畜牧兽医学会,2012.
[17]DEBERARDINIS R J,LUM J J,THOMPSON C B.Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent modulation of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A expression regulates lipid metabolism during hematopoietic cell grow th[J].Journal of Biological Chemistry,2006,281(49):37372-37380.
[18]庄君英.早期和后期限饲对肉鸡脂肪代谢的影响[D].硕士学位论文.南京:南京农业大学,2007.
[19]FEIGE J N,GELMAN L,MICHALIK L,et al.From molecular action to physiological outputs:peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors are nuclear receptors at the crossroads of key cellular functions[J].Progress in Lipid Research,2006,45(2):120-159.
[20]杨智,刘昭前.PPARγ在脂肪细胞分化和糖脂代谢中的作用[J].临床与病理杂志,2008,28(1):14-18.
[21]FIDOAMORE A,CRISTIANO L,LAEZZA C,et al.Energy metabolism in glioblastoma stem cells:PPARαa metabolic adaptor to intratumoral microenvironment[J].Oncotarget,2017,8(65):108430-108450.
[22]ZAIBI M S,STOCKER C J,O'DOWD J,et al.Roles of GPR41 and GPR43 in leptin secretory responses of murine adipocytes to short chain fatty acids[J].FEBS Letters,2010,584(11):2381-2386.
[23]KIMURA I,INOUE D,MAEDA T,et al.Short-chain fatty acids and ketones directly regulate sympathetic nervous system via G protein-coupled receptor 41(GPR41)[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2011,108(19):8030-8035.
[24]FU C Y,LIU L,GAO Q,et al.Cloning,molecular characterization,and spatial and developmental expression analysis of G PR41 and G PR43 genes in New Zealand rabbits[J].Animal,2017,11(10):1798-1806.
[25]LI G L,YAO W,JIANG H L.Short-chain fatty acids enhance adipocyte differentiation in the stromal vascular fraction of porcine adipose tissue[J].Journal of Nutrition,2014,144(12):1887-1895.
[26]MCFADDEN J W,CORL B A.Activation of AMPactivated protein kinase(AM PK)inhibits fatty acid synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells[J].Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications,2009,390(3):388-393.
[27]DAGON Y,AVRAHAM Y,BERRY E M.AMPK activation regulates apoptosis,adipogenesis,and lipolysis by eIF2αin adipocytes[J].Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications,2006,340(1):43-47.
[28]HUANG B,YUAN H D,KIM D Y,et al.Cinnamaldehyde prevents adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis via regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ(PPARγ)and AM P-activated protein kinase(AM PK)pathways[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2011,59(8):3666-3673.
[29]HU X Y,LIU L,SONG Z G,et al.Effects of feed deprivation on the AM PK signaling pathway in skeletal muscle of broiler chickens[J].Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B:Biochemistry and M olecular Biology,2016,191:146-154.