基于MapGIS平台的海绵校园设计
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摘要
针对城市内涝和水资源短缺问题,海绵城市建设试点工作逐步推进,海绵校园作为"海绵城市"建设的重要组成部分,其有助于缓解城市水环境污染和提升城市生态环境。文中以陕西省汉中市某高校校园为例,从GIS二维和三维基础数据组织和低影响开发理念方面入手,针对雨水收集、回用和管理作了空间布局分析与初步探讨。结果表明:GIS空间分析方法能够与用地布局、容积率、建筑密度等场地设计参数和信息化管理有机结合,对雨水的吸收、渗透、净化、储存和再利用等环节可借助地理空间建模和水动力模型进行量化分析与模拟,为解决校园内雨水资源利用、景观绿化、生态环境可持续和海绵校园建设提供示范和借鉴。
In order to solve the problem of urban waterlogging and water shortage,the pilot work of the construction of sponge city has been carried out all over the country.As an important part of the construction of "sponge city",the construction of the sponge campus will help to alleviate the pollution of urban water environment and urban rain and flood,and also help to raise the ecological environment of the city.The spatial layout of the rainwater collection and reuse treatment of university is analyzed and discussed on the aspects of the two dimensional and three-dimensional geographic basic data construction and Low Impact Development(LID).The results show that the GIS spatial analysis method can be combined with site layout,volume rate,building density and other parameters and information management.The quantitative analysis and simulation of rainwater absorption,infiltration,purification,storage and reuse can be analyzed and simulated with the aid of geo-spatial modeling and hydrodynamic model,in order to solve the rainwater resources in campus.It can provide a demonstration and reference for landscaping,ecological environment sustainability and sponge campus construction.
In order to solve the problem of urban waterlogging and water shortage,the pilot work of the construction of sponge city has been carried out all over the country.As an important part of the construction of "sponge city",the construction of the sponge campus will help to alleviate the pollution of urban water environment and urban rain and flood,and also help to raise the ecological environment of the city.The spatial layout of the rainwater collection and reuse treatment of university is analyzed and discussed on the aspects of the two dimensional and three-dimensional geographic basic data construction and Low Impact Development(LID).The results show that the GIS spatial analysis method can be combined with site layout,volume rate,building density and other parameters and information management.The quantitative analysis and simulation of rainwater absorption,infiltration,purification,storage and reuse can be analyzed and simulated with the aid of geo-spatial modeling and hydrodynamic model,in order to solve the rainwater resources in campus.It can provide a demonstration and reference for landscaping,ecological environment sustainability and sponge campus construction.
引文
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[14]瞿才燕,王燕舞,农丽婷.基于LID模式的海绵校园规划与研究-以桂林理工大学雁山校区为例[J].资源节约与环保,2018(2):113~115.
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[16]邓仕虎,王小勇,邵知宇.Uwater-Drainage:海绵城市模拟评估系统[J].地理空间信息,2017,15(4):79~81.
[17]李力,丁琨,范卓越等.海绵城市下的高校“海绵校园”建设[J].长江大学学报·自科版,2017,14(17):32~38.
[18]赵建林,陈龙乾,李龙等.基于MapGIS的县乡土地利用总体规划数据库研究[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(17):142~146.
[19]Dong G,Weng B,Qin T,et al.The Impact of the Construction of Sponge Cities on the Surface Runoff in Watersheds,China[J].Advances in Meteorology,2018,2018(8a):1~9.
[2]董淑秋,韩志刚.基于“生态海绵城市”构建的雨水利用规划研究[J].城市发展研究,2011,18(12):37~41.
[3]王虹,丁留谦,程晓陶等.美国城市雨洪管理水文控制指标体系及其借鉴意义[J].水利学报,2015,46(11):1261~1271.
[4]Liu H,Jia Y,Niu C.“Sponge city”concept helps solve China’s urban water problems[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2017,76(14):473.
[5]Rooijen D J V,Turral H,Biggs T W.Sponge city:Water Balance of Mega-city water use and wastewater use in Hyderabad,India[J].Irrigation&Drainage,2005,54(S1):81~91.
[6]仇保兴.海绵城市(LID)的内涵、途径与展望[J].给水排水,2015,41(3):1~6.
[7]Liu D.Water supply:China’s sponge cities to soak up rainwater[J].Nature,2016,537(7620):307.
[8]Jia H,Wang Z,Zhen X,et al.China’s sponge city construction:A discussion on technical approaches[J].Frontiers of Environmental Science&Engineering,2017,11(4):39~49.
[9]党安荣,许剑,佟彪等.智慧城市发展的机遇和挑战[J].测绘科学,2014,39(8):28~32.
[10]吴红波,贾欣,王慎.基于MapGIS、BIM和Sketch Up平台的三维数字城市精细建模与实现[J].城市勘测,2018,164(3):21~26.
[11]郭仁忠.智慧城市中地理信息的需求与应用[J].国土资源导刊,2014(9):47~48.
[12]刘生军,金兰,吴文.基于设计尺度的海绵校园规划设计方法研究[J].湘潭大学自科学报,2017,39(3):48~51.
[13]赵星明,王萱,宋芹.智慧校园给排水工程规划研究[J].地下水,2017,39(1):68~70.
[14]瞿才燕,王燕舞,农丽婷.基于LID模式的海绵校园规划与研究-以桂林理工大学雁山校区为例[J].资源节约与环保,2018(2):113~115.
[15]Hu P,Ma Y,Xue H,et al.Application of low impact development technology in rainwater drainage system reconstruction project[J].Cluster Computing,2017(1):1~11.
[16]邓仕虎,王小勇,邵知宇.Uwater-Drainage:海绵城市模拟评估系统[J].地理空间信息,2017,15(4):79~81.
[17]李力,丁琨,范卓越等.海绵城市下的高校“海绵校园”建设[J].长江大学学报·自科版,2017,14(17):32~38.
[18]赵建林,陈龙乾,李龙等.基于MapGIS的县乡土地利用总体规划数据库研究[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(17):142~146.
[19]Dong G,Weng B,Qin T,et al.The Impact of the Construction of Sponge Cities on the Surface Runoff in Watersheds,China[J].Advances in Meteorology,2018,2018(8a):1~9.