经典名方中“术”的本草考证
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摘要
中药经典名方的研发是促进中医药继承创新和提高临床服务水平的重要途径,经典名方中药材基原的确定对其研发尤为重要,是保证质量、药效及安全性的源头。"术"入药历史悠久,《神农本草经》中列为上品,为经典名方中常用中药。但南北朝以前"苍术""白术"均可作为"术"入药,未做明确区分,致使本草考证是含"苍术""白术"经典名方研发中的难题。结合历代本草,从植株形态、产地、性味、功效等方面梳理"术"的历史变迁,以期为"术"的本草考证以及经典名方的研发提供参考借鉴。
The research and development of Chinese materia medica classical prescription is an important way to promote the inheritance and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine and improve the level of clinical services. The determination of the classic Chinese herbal medicine origin is particularly important in its research and development work, and it is the source of ensuring its quality, efficacy and safety. "Zhu" has a long history of medicine, and it is listed as the top grade in Shennong Herbal Classic, which is a commonly used Chinese materia medica in the classic prescription. However, before the Northern and Southern Dynasty,"Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma" and "Atractylodis Rhizoma" could be used as "zhu" medicines, and no clear distinction was made. As a result, the research on herbal medicine is a difficult problem in the development of the classics containing "Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma" and "Atractylodis Rhizoma". This study combines the past medicinal herbs, combing the historical changes of "zhu" from the aspects of plant morphology, origin, taste, and efficacy, in order to provide reference for the research and development of the "zhu" and the research and development of the classics.
The research and development of Chinese materia medica classical prescription is an important way to promote the inheritance and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine and improve the level of clinical services. The determination of the classic Chinese herbal medicine origin is particularly important in its research and development work, and it is the source of ensuring its quality, efficacy and safety. "Zhu" has a long history of medicine, and it is listed as the top grade in Shennong Herbal Classic, which is a commonly used Chinese materia medica in the classic prescription. However, before the Northern and Southern Dynasty,"Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma" and "Atractylodis Rhizoma" could be used as "zhu" medicines, and no clear distinction was made. As a result, the research on herbal medicine is a difficult problem in the development of the classics containing "Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma" and "Atractylodis Rhizoma". This study combines the past medicinal herbs, combing the historical changes of "zhu" from the aspects of plant morphology, origin, taste, and efficacy, in order to provide reference for the research and development of the "zhu" and the research and development of the classics.
引文
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[2]李琳,滕佳林,王加锋.枳实、枳壳本草考证[J].西部中医药,2015,28(6):36-38.
[3]张廷模.对仲景方中枳实和桂枝的考证[J].中医杂志,1985,26(7):49.
[4]宋立人.桂的考证[J].南京中医药大学学报,2001,17(2):73-75.
[5]刘灿坤,刘新国.桂枝用药部位的本草考证[J].中药材,1995,18(9):478-480.
[6]李曼,王忠,荆志伟,等.龙胆泻肝丸所致肾毒性不良反应及其影响因素分析[J].中国执业药师,2012,9(5):47-49.
[7]张廷模.中药学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2010.
[8]王子寿,薛红.神农本草经[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,2008.
[9]胡奇光,方环海撰.尔雅译注[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,2004.
[10]晋·郭璞注.山海经[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,2015.
[11]尚志钧注释.《五十二病方》药物注释[M].合肥:皖南医学院科研科,1985.
[12]张延昌.武威汉代医简注解[M].北京:中医古籍出版社,2006.
[13]晋·葛洪著,张广保编著.抱朴子内篇[M].北京:北京燕山出版社,1995.
[14]晋·嵇含撰.南方草木状[M].广州:广东科技出版社,2009.
[15]梁·陶弘景集,尚志钧辑校.名医别录[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1986.
[16]梁·陶弘景,原坡撰.本草经集注(卷3草木上)[M].北京:学院出版社,2013.
[17]清·张志聪撰,清·高世栻编订,张淼,伍悦点校.本草崇原[M].北京:学苑出版社,2011.
[18]徐春波.本草古籍常用道地药材考[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2007.
[19]王家葵.中药材品种沿革及道地性[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2007.
[20]唐·苏敬撰,尚志钧辑校.唐·新修本草辑复本[M].合肥:安徽科学技术出版社,1981.
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[22]唐·兰道人.仙授理伤续断秘方[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1957.
[23]常敏毅辑注.日华子本草辑注[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2016.
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[26]《全国中草药汇编》编写组.全国中草药汇编上[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1975.
[27]王宁.白术古今产地考[J].现代中药研究与实践,2008,22(6):39-41.
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[32]金·张元素,元·李杲编著.珍珠囊、珍珠囊补遗药性赋附脏腑标本寒热虚实用药式、药类法象、用药心法[M].北京:学苑出版社,2011.
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[34]明·王纶辑.本草集要[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2015.
[35]明·李中梓.本草通玄[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2015.
[36]明·陈嘉谟撰.本草蒙筌[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1988.
[37]王强,林昌松.论经方中的白术或为苍术[J].中华中医药杂志,2017,32(5):2043-2046.
[38]黄璐琦.从本草文献考证到本草考古[N].中国中医药报,2018-05-28(03).
[39]彭华胜,袁媛,黄璐琦.本草考古:本草学与考古学的交叉新领域[J].科学通报,2018,63(13):1172-1179.