宝兰高铁列车运行所致桥路隧过渡段黄土场地地面振动实测与分析
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摘要
为研究宝兰高铁桥路隧过渡段黄土场地振动特性和放大效应,对宝兰高铁通道里程K1491+202段马营隧道、路基和桥梁桥路隧过渡段黄土场地地面进行现场振动测试,通过采用频谱分析和反应谱分析方法研究高铁列车对桥路隧过渡段临近黄土场地地面振动特征、频谱特征和加速度反应谱特征.结果表明:针对桥墩点振源和路基线振源,黄土斜坡场地地面峰值加速度均比平坦黄土场地大;地面振动持续时间与列车荷载呈正相关关系,黄土斜坡场地持时比平坦黄土场地持时更长;运行列车引起的地面振动频率集中在5～50Hz之间,车速对地面水平向振动的频率有一定影响;能量谱峰值与列车运行速度及轮轴载荷均呈正相关性,振源方式对加速度能量谱有重要影响;加速度反应谱表现为单峰型,能量主要集中在中低频范围内,衰减迅速.同时,该研究结果也可为黄土场地效应提供现场实测依据.
This paper carries out the field vibration test of the loess site in bridge,road and tunnel transition section of the Maying tunnel in the K1491+202 section of Baoji-Lanzhou high-speed railway to study its vibration characteristics and amplification effect.In order to study the characteristics of ground vibration,frequency spectrum and acceleration response spectrum around the loess site in bridge,road,tunnel transition section,spectral analysis and response spectrum analysis are adopted.The results show that whether as a point vibration source of bridge piers or as a line vibration source of subgrade,the ground peak acceleration of slope loess site near high-speed rail is bigger than that of flat loess site.There is a positive correlation between the duration of ground vibration and train load,and the duration of slope loess site is longer than that of flat loess site.The frequency of ground vibration caused by train operation is concentrated among 5-50 Hz,and the speed has certain influence on the frequency of ground horizontal vibration.The peak value of energy spectrum is positively correlated with the train speed and wheel axle load,and the vibration source mode has great influence on the acceleration energy spectrum.The acceleration response spectrum shows a single peak,and the energy is mainly concentrated in the middle and low frequency range and decays rapidly.At the same time,the results of the study can also provide reference in field measurement for the loess site effect.
This paper carries out the field vibration test of the loess site in bridge,road and tunnel transition section of the Maying tunnel in the K1491+202 section of Baoji-Lanzhou high-speed railway to study its vibration characteristics and amplification effect.In order to study the characteristics of ground vibration,frequency spectrum and acceleration response spectrum around the loess site in bridge,road,tunnel transition section,spectral analysis and response spectrum analysis are adopted.The results show that whether as a point vibration source of bridge piers or as a line vibration source of subgrade,the ground peak acceleration of slope loess site near high-speed rail is bigger than that of flat loess site.There is a positive correlation between the duration of ground vibration and train load,and the duration of slope loess site is longer than that of flat loess site.The frequency of ground vibration caused by train operation is concentrated among 5-50 Hz,and the speed has certain influence on the frequency of ground horizontal vibration.The peak value of energy spectrum is positively correlated with the train speed and wheel axle load,and the vibration source mode has great influence on the acceleration energy spectrum.The acceleration response spectrum shows a single peak,and the energy is mainly concentrated in the middle and low frequency range and decays rapidly.At the same time,the results of the study can also provide reference in field measurement for the loess site effect.
引文
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[14]叶阳升.高速铁路路基动力响应特性[J].铁道建筑,2015(10):7-12.YE Yangsheng.Dynamic response performance of high speed railway subgrade[J].Railway Engineering,2015(10):7-12.(in Chinese)
[15]冯青松,雷晓燕,练松良.高速铁路路基-地基系统振动响应分析[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2010,7(1):1-6.FENG Qingsong,LEI Xiaoyan,LIAN Songliang.Vibration analysis of high-speed railway subgrade-ground system[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2010,7(1):1-6.(in Chinese)
[16]龚成明,刘争平,杨丹.黄土路堑边坡在振动作用下的动力响应分析[J].铁道工程学报,2008,25(7):1-4.GONG Chengming,LIU Zhengping,YANG Dan.Analyses of dynamic response of the loess slope under construction vibrations[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2008,25(7):1-4.(in Chinese)
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[18]SAITO H,TERASAWA T.Steady-state vibrations of beam on a pasternak foundation for moving loads[J].Journal of Applied Mechanics,1980,47(4):879-883.
[19]FRYBA L.Vibration of solids and structures under moving loads[M].Dordrecht:Springer,1972.
[20]KRYLOV V V,DAWSON A R,HEELIS M E,et al.Rail movement and ground waves caused by highspeed trains approaching track-soil critical velocities[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part F:Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit,2000,214(2):107-116.
[21]CAI Y Q,CAO Z G,SUN H L,et al.Effects of the dynamic wheel-rail interaction on the ground vibration generated by a moving train[J].International Journal of Solids and Structures,2010,47(17):2246-2259.
[22]孟祥连,周福军.西宝高铁黄土地区路基振动效应空间分析研究[J].铁道工程学报,2017,34(8):28-33.MENG Xianglian,ZHOU Fujun.Spatial analysis and study of roadbed vibration effect on loess area for Xi’an-Baoji high-speed railway[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2017,34(8):28-33.(in Chinese)
[23]陈建国,夏禾,陈树礼,等.运行列车引起的周围地面振动规律研究[J].工程力学,2010,27(1):98-103.CHEN Jianguo,XIA He,CHEN Shuli,et al.Investigation on running-train-induced ground vibrations near railway[J].Engineering Mechanics,2010,27(1):98-103.(in Chinese)
[24]肖明清,姚捷,黄盾,等.广深港高铁狮子洋隧道列车所致环境振动实测研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(增2):3527-3534.XIAO Mingqing,YAO Jie,HUANG Dun,et al.Study and field measurement of environmental vibration induced by underground high-speed railway in shiziyang tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(S2):3527-3534.(in Chinese)
[25]石玉成,王兰民,张颖.黄土场地覆盖层厚度和地形条件对地震动放大效应的影响[J].西北地震学报,1999,21(2):203-208.SHI Yucheng,WANG Lanmin,ZHANG Ying.Effects of overburden thickness and topography of loessial sites on earthquake ground motion[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,1999,21(2):203-208.(in Chinese)
[26]陈拓.机车荷载作用下青藏铁路多年冻土区典型结构路基稳定性研究[D].兰州:中国地震局兰州地震研究所,2011.CHEN Tuo.The study on stability of typical structure embankment of the Qinghai-Tibet railroad at the permafrost regions under train dynamic load[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou Institute of Seismology,2008.(in Chinese)
[27]孙新建.爆破地震动速度时程的反应谱分析[J].太原理工大学学报,2008,39(增2):309-312.SUN Xinjian.Response spectrum analysis of blasting vibration velocity temporal curve[J].Journal of Taiyuan U-niversity of Technology,2008,39(S2):309-312.(in Chinese)
[2]KOUROUSSIS G,VAN PARYS L,CONTI C,et al.Prediction of ground vibrations induced by urban railway traffic:an analysis of the coupling assumptions between vehicle,track,soil,and buildings[J].International Journal of Acoustics and Vibration,2013,18(4):163-172.
[3]ZOU C,WANG Y M,WANG P,et al.Measurement of ground and nearby building vibration and noise induced by trains in a metro depot[J].Science of the Total Environment,2015,536:761-773.
[4]ZOU C,WANG Y M,MOORE J A,et al.Train-induced field vibration measurements of ground and overtrack buildings[J].Science of the Total Environment,2017,575:1339-1351.
[5]VOGIATZIS K,MOUZAKIS H.Ground-borne noise and vibration transmitted from subway networks to multi-storey reinforced concrete buildings[J].Transport,2017,33(2):446-453.
[6]JONSSON J O.On ground and structural vibrations related to railway traffic[D].G9teborg:Chalmers University of Technology,2000.
[7]KOUROUSSIS G,CONNOLLY D P,VERLINDEN O.Railway-induced ground vibrations-a review of vehicle effects[J].International Journal of Rail Transportation,2014,2(2):69-110.
[8]KOUROUSSIS G,CONNOLLY D P,ALEXANDROUG,et al.Railway ground vibrations induced by wheel and rail singular defects[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2015,53(10):1500-1519.
[9]FORREST J A.Modelling of ground vibration from underground railways[D].Cambridge:University of Cambridge,1999.
[10]FORREST J A,HUNT H E M.Ground vibration generated by trains in underground tunnels[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2006,294(4/5):706-736.
[11]CHENG G,FENG Q S,SHENG X Z,et al.Using the2.5DFE and transfer matrix methods to study ground vibration generated by two identical trains passing each other[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2018,114:495-504.
[12]曹艳梅,夏禾,陈建国.运行列车引起地面振动的理论模型及振动特性分析[J].振动工程学报,2009,22(6):589-596.CAO Yanmei,XIA He,CHEN Jianguo.Theoretical model and characteristic analysis of moving train induced ground vibration[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2009,22(6):589-596.(in Chinese)
[13]翟婉明,蔡成标,王开云.高速列车-轨道-桥梁动态相互作用原理及模型[J].土木工程学报,2005,38(11):132-137.ZHAI Wanming,CAI Chengbiao,WANG Kaiyun.Mechanism and model of high-speed train-track-bridge dynamic interaction[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2005,38(11):132-137.(in Chinese)
[14]叶阳升.高速铁路路基动力响应特性[J].铁道建筑,2015(10):7-12.YE Yangsheng.Dynamic response performance of high speed railway subgrade[J].Railway Engineering,2015(10):7-12.(in Chinese)
[15]冯青松,雷晓燕,练松良.高速铁路路基-地基系统振动响应分析[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2010,7(1):1-6.FENG Qingsong,LEI Xiaoyan,LIAN Songliang.Vibration analysis of high-speed railway subgrade-ground system[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2010,7(1):1-6.(in Chinese)
[16]龚成明,刘争平,杨丹.黄土路堑边坡在振动作用下的动力响应分析[J].铁道工程学报,2008,25(7):1-4.GONG Chengming,LIU Zhengping,YANG Dan.Analyses of dynamic response of the loess slope under construction vibrations[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2008,25(7):1-4.(in Chinese)
[17]薛富春,张建民.移动荷载下高铁路基段振动加速度频谱衰减特性[J].岩土力学,2015,36(增1):445-451.XUE Fuchun,ZHANG Jianmin.Attenuations of acceleration spectra of high-speed railway embankment subjected to moving loads[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36(S1):445-451.(in Chinese)
[18]SAITO H,TERASAWA T.Steady-state vibrations of beam on a pasternak foundation for moving loads[J].Journal of Applied Mechanics,1980,47(4):879-883.
[19]FRYBA L.Vibration of solids and structures under moving loads[M].Dordrecht:Springer,1972.
[20]KRYLOV V V,DAWSON A R,HEELIS M E,et al.Rail movement and ground waves caused by highspeed trains approaching track-soil critical velocities[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part F:Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit,2000,214(2):107-116.
[21]CAI Y Q,CAO Z G,SUN H L,et al.Effects of the dynamic wheel-rail interaction on the ground vibration generated by a moving train[J].International Journal of Solids and Structures,2010,47(17):2246-2259.
[22]孟祥连,周福军.西宝高铁黄土地区路基振动效应空间分析研究[J].铁道工程学报,2017,34(8):28-33.MENG Xianglian,ZHOU Fujun.Spatial analysis and study of roadbed vibration effect on loess area for Xi’an-Baoji high-speed railway[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2017,34(8):28-33.(in Chinese)
[23]陈建国,夏禾,陈树礼,等.运行列车引起的周围地面振动规律研究[J].工程力学,2010,27(1):98-103.CHEN Jianguo,XIA He,CHEN Shuli,et al.Investigation on running-train-induced ground vibrations near railway[J].Engineering Mechanics,2010,27(1):98-103.(in Chinese)
[24]肖明清,姚捷,黄盾,等.广深港高铁狮子洋隧道列车所致环境振动实测研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(增2):3527-3534.XIAO Mingqing,YAO Jie,HUANG Dun,et al.Study and field measurement of environmental vibration induced by underground high-speed railway in shiziyang tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(S2):3527-3534.(in Chinese)
[25]石玉成,王兰民,张颖.黄土场地覆盖层厚度和地形条件对地震动放大效应的影响[J].西北地震学报,1999,21(2):203-208.SHI Yucheng,WANG Lanmin,ZHANG Ying.Effects of overburden thickness and topography of loessial sites on earthquake ground motion[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,1999,21(2):203-208.(in Chinese)
[26]陈拓.机车荷载作用下青藏铁路多年冻土区典型结构路基稳定性研究[D].兰州:中国地震局兰州地震研究所,2011.CHEN Tuo.The study on stability of typical structure embankment of the Qinghai-Tibet railroad at the permafrost regions under train dynamic load[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou Institute of Seismology,2008.(in Chinese)
[27]孙新建.爆破地震动速度时程的反应谱分析[J].太原理工大学学报,2008,39(增2):309-312.SUN Xinjian.Response spectrum analysis of blasting vibration velocity temporal curve[J].Journal of Taiyuan U-niversity of Technology,2008,39(S2):309-312.(in Chinese)