陕西延安某老滑坡场地上建筑物破坏机理分析
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摘要
陕北地区土地资源匮乏。随着城市人口数量增加及城镇化进程的加快,在老滑坡上修建各种建筑物与构筑物以求合理利用土地资源已成趋势,但此举导致的建筑物与构筑物的变形破坏现象,对人民生命与财产安全造成重大威胁。本文针对延安某处大型老滑坡体上民用建筑群墙面开裂及墙体前鼓病害,在现场调查基础上,开展建筑物变形破坏机理分析;采用FLAC~(3D)数值模拟方法,分析了在建筑物附加荷载下老滑坡以及地基土体的应力应变发展规律,揭示了建筑加载下老滑坡稳定性的变化趋势和建筑物变形破坏机理。研究结果表明,修建建筑物后老滑坡基本处于稳定状态,并未发生整体复活现象;老滑坡场地上的不均匀地基在建筑物附加荷载下产生较大差异沉降是造成建筑物墙面出现裂缝的主要原因;老滑坡场地内第四级台阶的加载变形引起了临近台阶边缘建筑物的墙体前鼓。
Land resources is scarce in the north of Shaanxi Province. Due to the increase of urban population and the urbanization,it is a trend to construct buildings and structures on the old landslides in order to furthest utilize land resources. However,the landsildes may cause the damage of the buildings and structures,and threaten the safety of people's lives and property. This paper studied on the deformation and failure mechanism of buildings based on the investigation of the deformation damage phenomenon on an old landslide in Yan'an city. The stress and deformation of the old landslide and foundation soil under the additional load of the building were analyzed by the FLAC~(3D) numerical simulation method in order to obtain the stability of the old landslide and the deformation mechanism of the buildings. The results revealed that the old landslide is basically stable when the buildings were built. The cracks in the buildings is caused by the differential settlement of the foundation on the the old landslide.. In addition,the reasons for the walls of the buildings moving forward are due to the additional load of the back buildings on the old landslide.
Land resources is scarce in the north of Shaanxi Province. Due to the increase of urban population and the urbanization,it is a trend to construct buildings and structures on the old landslides in order to furthest utilize land resources. However,the landsildes may cause the damage of the buildings and structures,and threaten the safety of people's lives and property. This paper studied on the deformation and failure mechanism of buildings based on the investigation of the deformation damage phenomenon on an old landslide in Yan'an city. The stress and deformation of the old landslide and foundation soil under the additional load of the building were analyzed by the FLAC~(3D) numerical simulation method in order to obtain the stability of the old landslide and the deformation mechanism of the buildings. The results revealed that the old landslide is basically stable when the buildings were built. The cracks in the buildings is caused by the differential settlement of the foundation on the the old landslide.. In addition,the reasons for the walls of the buildings moving forward are due to the additional load of the back buildings on the old landslide.
引文
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[17]张春笋,吴进良,李晓军,等.边坡荷载作用下的边坡稳定性[J].重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版),2009,28(3):569-573.ZHANG Chunsun,WU Jinliang,LI Xiaojun,et al.Stability of slope under effect of slop load[J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science),2009,28(3):569-573.
[18]许荣,张发明,张加家,等. FLAC3D在某古滑坡稳定性分析中的应用[J].河北工程大学学报(自然科学版),2013,30(4):66-69.XU Rong,ZHANG Faming,ZHANG Jiajia,et al.Application of FLAC3Din stability analysis of the ancient landslide body[J]. Journal of Hebei University of Engineering(Natural Science Edition),2013,30(4):66-69.
[19]韩万东,谷明宇,杨晓云,等. FLAC3D数值模拟的边坡稳定性[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2013,32(9):1204-1207.HAN Wandong,GU Mingyu,YANG Xiaoyun,et al.Slope stability based on FLAC3Dnumerical simulation[J]. Journal of Liaoning Technical University(Natural Science),2013,32(9):1204-1207.
[20]中华人民共和国建设部.建筑地基基础设计规范:GB 5007—2011[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2011:27-28.Code for design of building foundation by ministry of construction of the People's Republic of China:GB5007—2011[S]. Beijing:China Building Industry Press,2011:27-28.
[21]杜小玉.基于FLAC3D的关中塬区黄土滑坡稳定性数值模拟[D].西安:长安大学,2015.DU Xiaoyu. Numerical simulation of landslide stability based on FLAC3Din Guanzhong Loess Plateau region[D]. Xi’an:Chang’an University,2015.
[2]陆玉珑.论老滑坡工程地质的实践及其经济效益[J].路基工程,1990(4):1-8.LU Yulong. On the ractice and economic benefits of old landslide engineering geology[J]. Subgrade Engineering,1990(4):1-8.
[3]戴敬儒,周泽平,吴昕.山丘区工程滑坡分类与灾害防治[J].山地学报,2005,23(6):6709-6713.DAI Jingru,ZHOU Zeping,WU Xin. Classification and controlling on human effected landslides[J].Mountain Research,2005,23(6):6709-6713.
[4]陆玉珑.再论古滑坡的利用及其经济效益[J].路基工程,1998(4):10-15.LU Yulong. Rediscussion on utilization of ancient landslide and its economic benefits[J]. Subgrade Engineering,1998(4):10-15.
[5]朱福春.穿越老滑坡的道路路基方式选择研究[J].价值工程,2017,36(22):117-120.ZHU Fuchun. Study on the selection of road subgrade through the old landslide[J]. Value Engineering,2017,36(22):117-120.
[6]杨德宏.西安至延安高速铁路沿线滑坡灾害及其防治对策分析[J].铁道标准设计,2017,61(11):18-22.YANG Dehong. Analysis of landslide disaster along Xi’an-Yan’an high-speed railway and countermeasures[J].Railway Standard Design,2017,61(11):18-22.
[7] WALTER G KUTSCHKE,WILLIAM PETERSEN,JOHN MEYERS. Rock slope Protection system for differential weathering materials[J]. Geo-Denver,2002:1-10.
[8]卢大卫.穿越老滑坡的道路路基形式优化研究[D].重庆:重庆交通大学,2016:69-70.LU Dawei. The optimization research on roadbed style of road passing old landslide[D] Chongqing:Chongqing Jiaotong University,2016:69-70.
[9]乔建平,赵宇,陈永波.典型滑坡的研究方法[J].山地学报,2003,21(3):369-372.QIAO Jianping,ZHAO Yu,CHEN Yongbo. Studying method of typical landslide[J]. Mountain Research,2003,21(3):369-372.
[10]韩佳明.降雨入渗下黄土边坡破坏机理及减灾技术研究[D].西安:西安科技大学,2015.HAN Jiaming. Research on loess slope failure mechanism and mitigation technology under rainfall infiltration[D]. Xi'an:Xi'an University of Science and Technology,2015.
[11] OLIVIER DEWITTE,MIET VAN DEN EECKHAUT.Decadal-scale analysis of ground movements in old landslides in western Belgium[J]. Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie,NF,2009:23-45.
[12]宋丹青,冯兴波.库水位上升对古滑坡稳定性的影响[J].河南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2016,35(6):876-880.SONG Danqing,FENG Xingbo. The influence of reservoir water level rise on the stability of ancient landslide[J]. Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science),2016,35(6):876-880.
[13] NEUMAN S P. Saturated-unsarurated seepage by finite elements. Proc. ASCE[J],Hydraulics Div.,1973,99:2233-2250.
[14]刘娅南,严亮.陕北丘陵山区城市规划与当地资源环境关系的初探[J].价值工程,2015,34(2):58-60.LIU Yanan,YAN Liang. Primary exploration of the relationship between the urban planning and the local resources and environment of the hilly and mountain area in the north of Shaanxi Province[J]. Value Engineering,2015,34(2):58-60.
[15]胡玉定,姚继涛,韩晓雷,等.黄土地区某事故建筑物不均匀沉降机理分析[J].西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版),2012,6(3):345-351.HU Yuding,YAO Jitao,HAN Xiaolei,et al. Analysis on differential settlement of some accident building in loess area[J]. Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture&Technology(Natural Science Edition),2012,6(3):345-351.
[16]陈春利,李同录,贺凯,等.人工堆载诱发黄土滑坡失稳机制分析[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2014,25(1):1-5.CHEN Chunli,LI Tonglu,HE Kai,et al. Mechanism of loess landslide induced by loading[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2014,25(1):1-5.
[17]张春笋,吴进良,李晓军,等.边坡荷载作用下的边坡稳定性[J].重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版),2009,28(3):569-573.ZHANG Chunsun,WU Jinliang,LI Xiaojun,et al.Stability of slope under effect of slop load[J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science),2009,28(3):569-573.
[18]许荣,张发明,张加家,等. FLAC3D在某古滑坡稳定性分析中的应用[J].河北工程大学学报(自然科学版),2013,30(4):66-69.XU Rong,ZHANG Faming,ZHANG Jiajia,et al.Application of FLAC3Din stability analysis of the ancient landslide body[J]. Journal of Hebei University of Engineering(Natural Science Edition),2013,30(4):66-69.
[19]韩万东,谷明宇,杨晓云,等. FLAC3D数值模拟的边坡稳定性[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2013,32(9):1204-1207.HAN Wandong,GU Mingyu,YANG Xiaoyun,et al.Slope stability based on FLAC3Dnumerical simulation[J]. Journal of Liaoning Technical University(Natural Science),2013,32(9):1204-1207.
[20]中华人民共和国建设部.建筑地基基础设计规范:GB 5007—2011[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2011:27-28.Code for design of building foundation by ministry of construction of the People's Republic of China:GB5007—2011[S]. Beijing:China Building Industry Press,2011:27-28.
[21]杜小玉.基于FLAC3D的关中塬区黄土滑坡稳定性数值模拟[D].西安:长安大学,2015.DU Xiaoyu. Numerical simulation of landslide stability based on FLAC3Din Guanzhong Loess Plateau region[D]. Xi’an:Chang’an University,2015.