工业领域煤炭清洁高效燃烧利用技术现状与发展建议
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摘要
我国以煤炭为主的能源资源禀赋决定了煤炭的基础能源地位,因此如何实现煤炭清洁高效燃烧利用,成为科学家、产业界和社会关注的焦点。煤炭燃烧释放热能满足了我国约65%的发电生产需求,也为钢铁、建材、化工等工业领域提供热能,但同时也释放氮氧化物、二氧化硫、粉尘等有害污染物,造成对大气环境的影响。因此实现占煤炭燃烧总量90%的工业领域煤炭清洁高效燃烧利用,是当前我国打赢污染防治攻坚战和蓝天保卫战的"卡脖子"问题,工业领域煤炭高效清洁燃烧利用技术亟待根本性革命。文章综述了我国煤炭清洁高效燃烧利用技术现状,提出了只有发展在燃烧过程中大幅度抑制氮氧化物(雾霾的"元凶")生成的变革性技术,再结合尾部烟气净化技术的应用,才能经济地实现常规燃煤污染物的超低排放甚至近零排放,达到甚至低于天然气排放水平,从而为工业领域煤炭高效清洁燃烧利用提供技术支撑。
In China, coal is the main energy resource, which makes it to be the basic energy. It has always been the focus for the scientists,industry, and society that how to realize the coal clean and efficient combustion. The coal-fired power generation accounts for 65% of total amount of electricity, and coal combustion can also provide heat for the fields of iron and steel, building materials and chemical industry.Meanwhile, the harmful pollutants of released nitrogen, sulfur, dust, and others will greatly affect air environment. Therefore, realizing coal clean and efficient combustion in industry field taking 90% amount of total coal combustion plays a critical role in winning the battles of pollution control and blue sky protection, and it is urgent to update the coal clean and efficient combustion technology in industry field fundamentally. In this paper, the current situation of coal clean and efficient combustion technology is reviewed, and it is proposed that the transformational technology greatly inhibiting nitrogen oxides(the main component of haze) in combustion process and combining flue gas cleaning technology can realize ultra-low emission or even near zero emission of pollutants in normal coal combustion economically,which can provide technological support for coal clean and efficient combustion in industry field.
In China, coal is the main energy resource, which makes it to be the basic energy. It has always been the focus for the scientists,industry, and society that how to realize the coal clean and efficient combustion. The coal-fired power generation accounts for 65% of total amount of electricity, and coal combustion can also provide heat for the fields of iron and steel, building materials and chemical industry.Meanwhile, the harmful pollutants of released nitrogen, sulfur, dust, and others will greatly affect air environment. Therefore, realizing coal clean and efficient combustion in industry field taking 90% amount of total coal combustion plays a critical role in winning the battles of pollution control and blue sky protection, and it is urgent to update the coal clean and efficient combustion technology in industry field fundamentally. In this paper, the current situation of coal clean and efficient combustion technology is reviewed, and it is proposed that the transformational technology greatly inhibiting nitrogen oxides(the main component of haze) in combustion process and combining flue gas cleaning technology can realize ultra-low emission or even near zero emission of pollutants in normal coal combustion economically,which can provide technological support for coal clean and efficient combustion in industry field.
引文
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8 冯陈玥,段兆芳,孙文宇.推进北方地区清洁取暖对天然气市场的影响.中国能源, 2018, 40(6):28-30, 37.
2 贾常艳.向更高质量、更有效率、更加公平、更可持续发展.电器工业, 2018, 19(3):1.
3 邓伟妮.中欧火电厂烟气排放规定对比研究.中国电力,2015, 48(3):156-160.
4 张敏敏,李国强,曲立晟,等.石灰石—石膏湿法烟气脱硫工艺在工程的应用.环境与生活, 2014, 8(18):182.
5 赵钦新.我国工业锅炉发展回顾与“十二五”展望.工业锅炉, 2011, 27(6):1-8.
6 何心良.我国工业锅炉使用现状与节能减排对策探讨.工业锅炉, 2010, 26(3):1-8.
7 董广霞,吕卓,程洁,等.我国重点调查企业工业锅炉污染排放特征.中国环境监测, 2018, 34(1):41-46.
8 冯陈玥,段兆芳,孙文宇.推进北方地区清洁取暖对天然气市场的影响.中国能源, 2018, 40(6):28-30, 37.