重载铁路钢轨钢连铸重压下工艺研发及应用
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摘要
与普通铁路相比,重载铁路的运输具有大轴重、高牵引质量、大运量的特点,对钢轨的质量要求更为严苛。大断面连铸坯作为重载铁路钢轨钢生产的重要母材,提升母材连铸坯的质量才是决定重载铁路钢轨钢质量的关键。为了解决大断面连铸坯的内部质量问题,首先采用数值计算方法,研究了重轨钢连铸大方坯重压下过程的变形行为,为重压下工艺及装备设计提供了理论依据。在此基础上,结合现场生产实践,系统对比并分析了轻压下与重压下工艺对重载铁路钢轨钢内部质量的影响,证明了实施重压下工艺可以大幅度提升重轨钢的内部质量。
In order to satisfy the strategic requirements of energy transmission from the west to the east of China, it is important to establish the heavy-haul railway for our vast country area. Compared with common railway, the heavy-haul railway has the characteristics of high axle load, big traction and large cargo capacity and thus its quality requirement is stricter. Continuous casting(CC) bloom is an important raw material during the production of heavy rails, and the blooms with the serious internal defects should be significantly improved to satisfy the strict quality requirement of heavy-haul railway. To improve the internal quality of CC bloom, the deformation behavior during heavy reduction(HR) was studied by numerical simulation, which provided a theoretical base for the process and equipment design of HR. On this basis, focused on two different mechanical reduction technology of soft reduction(SR) and HR, the effect of SR on HR on improving the internal quality of the CC bloom was mainly compared. The application results in plants show that HR process can improve the internal quality of the CC bloom more effectively than SR.
In order to satisfy the strategic requirements of energy transmission from the west to the east of China, it is important to establish the heavy-haul railway for our vast country area. Compared with common railway, the heavy-haul railway has the characteristics of high axle load, big traction and large cargo capacity and thus its quality requirement is stricter. Continuous casting(CC) bloom is an important raw material during the production of heavy rails, and the blooms with the serious internal defects should be significantly improved to satisfy the strict quality requirement of heavy-haul railway. To improve the internal quality of CC bloom, the deformation behavior during heavy reduction(HR) was studied by numerical simulation, which provided a theoretical base for the process and equipment design of HR. On this basis, focused on two different mechanical reduction technology of soft reduction(SR) and HR, the effect of SR on HR on improving the internal quality of the CC bloom was mainly compared. The application results in plants show that HR process can improve the internal quality of the CC bloom more effectively than SR.
引文
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[14] Nabeshima S,Nakato H,Fujii T,et al.Control of centerline segregation in continuously cast blooms by continuous forging process[J].ISIJ International,1995,35(6):673.
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[16] Ji C,Wu C H,Zhu M Y.Thermo-mechanical behavior of the continuous casting bloom in the heavy reduction process[J].JOM,2016,68(12):3107.
[2] 邹文浩,张梅,刘艳青,等.30 t轴重下重载铁路隧道基底结构的应力分布及动力响应[J].中国铁道科学,2016,37(5):50.(Zou W H,Zhang M,Liu Y Q,et al.Stress distribution and dynamic response of base structure for heavy haul railway tunnel under 30 t axle load[J].China Railway Science,2016,37(5):50.)
[3] 卢朝辉,闵欢,余志武.既有铁路桥梁状态评估指标体系和方法研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2015,12(5):1103.(Lu Z H,Min H,Yu Z W.Study on the condition assessment index and method for existing railway bridge structures[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2015,12(5):1103.)
[4] 肖尊群.重载铁路路基状态评估系统研究[D]//湖南:中南大学,2011.(Xiao Z Q.Study on the Heavy Railway Subgrade Assessment System[D]//Hunan:Central South University,2011.)
[5] 陈永,杨素波.重轨钢连铸坯内部质量控制技术[J].钢铁研究学报,2007,19(10):16.(Chen Y,Yang S B.Internal quality control of continuously cast bloom for heavy rail steel[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2007,19(10):16.)
[6] Guan R,Ji C,Zhu M,et al.Numerical simulation of V-shaped segregation in continuous casting blooms based on a microsegregation model[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions,2018,49B(5):2571.
[7] Jiang D B,Zhu M Y.Solidification structure and macrosegregation of billet continuous casting process with dual electromagnetic stirrings in mold and final stage of solidification:A numerical study[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions,2016,47B(6):3446.
[8] 刘珂,孙齐松,王立峰,等.不同厚度连铸板坯的合理总轻压下量[J].钢铁研究学报,2017,29(2):111.(Liu K,Sun Q S,Wang L F,et al.Optimum total soft reduction amount for continuous casting slab with different thickness[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2017,29(2):111.)
[9] Ji C,Luo S,Zhu M.Analysis and application of soft reduction amount for bloom continuous casting process[J].ISIJ International,2014,54(3):504.
[10] Ji C,Luo S,Zhu M,et al.Uneven solidification during wide-thick slab continuous casting process and its influence on soft reduction zone[J].ISIJ International,2014,54(1):103.
[11] Pickering E J.Macrosegregation in steel ingots:The applicability of modelling and characterisation techniques[J].ISIJ International,2013,53(6):935.
[12] Flemings M C.Our understanding of macrosegregation:Past and present[J].ISIJ International,2000,40(9):833.
[13] Ji C,Wu C H,Zhu M Y.Influence of heavy reduction(HR)on the internal quality of the bearing steel GCr15 bloom[C]//CFD Modeling and Simulation in Materials Processing 2016.Switzerland:Springer,2016:247.
[14] Nabeshima S,Nakato H,Fujii T,et al.Control of centerline segregation in continuously cast blooms by continuous forging process[J].ISIJ International,1995,35(6):673.
[15] Kojima S,Mizota H,Kushida K.Concept of continuous forging process and experimental analysis of forged blooms[J].Kawasaki Steel Giho,1994,26(1):1.
[16] Ji C,Wu C H,Zhu M Y.Thermo-mechanical behavior of the continuous casting bloom in the heavy reduction process[J].JOM,2016,68(12):3107.