农业供给侧改革背景下粮食最低收购价政策改革研究
|
摘要
粮食最低收购价政策改革是农业供给侧结构性改革的重要组成部分。粮食最低收购价政策在促进农民增收和保障粮食增产方面起到了重要作用,但其所累积的粮食供需结构失衡等负面影响已日益凸显。文章在回顾粮食最低收购价政策历史演变阶段的基础上,从对粮食供给结构和质量的影响等七个方面,分析了最低收购价对粮食供给带来的不利影响;然后,从农民缺乏种植决策依据等七个方面,分析了农业供给侧改革背景下粮食最低收购价政策改革面临的问题;因此,提出转变粮食最低收购价政策的目标导向、建立合理的补贴机制、培育多元化市场主体、以保本或微利为基础,发挥最低收购价的导向作用、调整储备结构,激发市场活力、建立"期货+保险"的联动机制等政策建议。
The reform of grain price floor policy is an important part of the structural reform of agricultural supply side.The grain price floor policy has played an important role in increasing farmers' income and ensuring grain production growth. However, some negative impacts including the imbalance of grain supply and demand structure became increasingly prominent. On the basis of reviewing the historical evolution stage of the grain price floor policy, this article analyzed the adverse impacts of the price floor policy on the supply side and examined the structure and quality of grain supply and the problems faced by the grain price floor policy under the background of agricultural supply side reform from seven aspects such as the lack of farmers' decision-making basis among others. This paper suggests to transform the goal of the grain price floor policy, to build a reasonable subsidy mechanism, to cultivate diversified market entities,to enhance the guiding role of the price floor policy based on ensuring the return of cost or lower profit, to adjust the reserve structure to stimulate market vitality, and to establish a linkage mechanism of "futures plus insurance".
The reform of grain price floor policy is an important part of the structural reform of agricultural supply side.The grain price floor policy has played an important role in increasing farmers' income and ensuring grain production growth. However, some negative impacts including the imbalance of grain supply and demand structure became increasingly prominent. On the basis of reviewing the historical evolution stage of the grain price floor policy, this article analyzed the adverse impacts of the price floor policy on the supply side and examined the structure and quality of grain supply and the problems faced by the grain price floor policy under the background of agricultural supply side reform from seven aspects such as the lack of farmers' decision-making basis among others. This paper suggests to transform the goal of the grain price floor policy, to build a reasonable subsidy mechanism, to cultivate diversified market entities,to enhance the guiding role of the price floor policy based on ensuring the return of cost or lower profit, to adjust the reserve structure to stimulate market vitality, and to establish a linkage mechanism of "futures plus insurance".
引文
[1]曾珍香,闫永平,苑敬云,等.市场经济条件下粮价保护政策执行效果实证研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2017,27(S2):235-238.Zeng Z X,Yan Y P,Yuan J Y,et al.Empirical study on the implementing effect of grain price supporting policy[J].China Population,Resources and Environment,2017,27(S2):235-238.
[2]兰录平.我国粮食最低收购价政策的效应和问题及完善建议[J].农业现代化研究,2013,34(5):513-517.Lan L P.Effect and problems of China’s grain minimum purchase price policy and suggestions for improvement[J].Research of Agricultural Modernization,2013,34(5):513-517.
[3]万晓萌,周晓亚.我国粮食最低收购价政策实施效果评价研究——基于农业供给侧结构性改革背景下的分析[J].价格理论与实践,2018(3):119-121.Wa n X M,Z h o u X Y.R e s e a r c h o n e v a l u a t i o n o f t h e implementation effect of China’s grain minimum purchase price policy——Based on the analysis of agricultural supply side structural reform[J].Price Theory and Practice,2018(3):119-121.
[4]张瑞娟,任晓娜.粮食价格形成和波动机制研究-文献综述与评析[J].中国农业大学学报,2016,21(1):141-146.Zhang R J,Ren X N.Research on pricing mechanism and volatility of grain products:A literature review and comments[J].Journal of China Agricultural University,2016,21(1):141-146.
[5]张照新,徐雪高,彭超.农业发展阶段转变背景下粮食价格支持政策的改革思路[J].北京工商大学学报(社会科学版),2016,31(4):33-39.Zhang Z X,Xu X G,Peng C.Reform orientation of grain price support policy under transformation of agricultural development stage in China[J].Journal of Beijing Technology and Business University(Social Science Edition),2016,31(4):33-39.
[6]王双进.粮食托市收购的困境及改革取向[J].经济纵横,2015(11):87-92.Wang S J.The dilemma and reform orientation of grain prop acquisition[J].Economic Review Journal,2015(11):87-92.
[7]余欣荣.调整优化粮食结构引领农业供给侧结构性改革[J].中国经济报告,2016(12):18-20.Yu X R.Adjusting and optimizing the grain structure to lead the structural reform of the supply side of agriculture[J].China Economic Report,2016(12):18-20.
[8]陈锡文.落实发展新理念破解农业新难题[J].农业经济问题,2016,37(3):4-10.Chen X W.Implementing new development concepts,solving new agricultural problems[J].Issues in Agricultural Economy,2016,37(3):4-10.
[9]王雅鹏,文清.供给侧改革中的湖北粮食发展思考[J].农业现代化研究,2017,38(1):1-7.Wang Y P,Wen Q.Examination of grain development with the supply-side reform in Hubei Province[J].Research of Agricultural Modernization,2017,38(1):1-7.
[10]李波.我国粮食最低收购价政策效果与评价研究[J].价格理论与实践,2016(11):70-73.Li B.Research on the effect and evaluation of China’s minimum grain purchase price policy[J].Price Theory and Practice,2016(11):70-73.
[11]谭砚文,杨重玉,陈丁薇,等.中国粮食市场调控政策的实施绩效与评价[J].农业经济问题,2014,35(5):87-98.Tan Y W,Yang C Y,Chen D W,et al.Performance achievements and evaluation of China’s grain market regulation and control policy[J].Issues in Agricultural Economy,2014,35(5):87-98.
[12]程国强,朱满德.中国粮食宏观调控的现实状态与政策框架[J].改革,2013(1):18-34.Cheng G Q,Zhu M D.The situation and policy framework of Chinese grain macro-control[J].Reform,2013(1):18-34.
[13]叶兴庆.我国农业支持政策转型:从增产导向到竞争力导向[J].改革,2017(3):19-34.Ye X Q.The transformation of China’s agricultural support policy:from increasing production to enhancing competitiveness[J].Reform,2017(3):19-34.
[14]程国强.我国粮价政策改革的逻辑与思路[J].农业经济问题,2016,37(2):4-9.Cheng G Q.The logic and thinking of China’s grain price policy reform[J].Issues in Agricultural Economy,2016,37(2):4-9.
[15]赵永平.让粮价向市场稳步回归[N].人民日报,2018-02-25(7).Zhao Y P.Let food prices return to the market steadily[N].People’s Daily,2018-02-25(7).
[16]李国祥.为什么要继续执行并完善最低收购价政策[J].农村经济,2016(4):3-7.Li G X.Why continue to implement and improve the minimum purchase price policy[J].Rural Economy,2016(4):3-7.
[17]王士春.我国粮价政策改革要促进竞争力提升[J].中国粮食经济,2018(4):25-27.Wang S C.China’s food price policy reform should promote competitiveness[J].China’s Food Economy,2018(4):25-27.
[18]王颜齐,孟杰,毕欣宁.种植户“粮改豆”意愿及影响因素的实证分析——基于黑龙江和内蒙古两地微观样本[J].农业现代化研究,2017,38(4):696-704.Wang Y Q,Meng J,Bi X N.An empirical analysis on households’willingness and its influencing factors of grain to soybean production conversion:A case study of Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia[J].Research of Agricultural Modernization,2017,38(4):696-704.
[19]彭超.稻谷最低收购价下调后改革如何推向纵深[N].农民日报,2018-02-14(8).Peng C.How to push deeper the reform after the minimum purchase price of rice is lowered[N].Farmers Daily,2018-02-14(8).
[20]孔祥智,张效榕.新一轮粮食价格改革:背景与方向[J].价格理论与实践,2017(1):15-19.Kong X Z,Zhang X R.New round of food price reform:background and direction[J].Price Theory and Practice,2017(1):15-19.
[21]张晓山.推动乡村产业振兴的供给侧结构性改革研究[J].财经问题研究,2019(1):114-121.Zhang X S.Research on supply-side structural reform to promote rural industry revitalization[J].Research on Financial and Economic Issues,2019(1):114-121.
[22]王朗,何蒲明,魏君英.基于国家粮食安全战略的耕地休耕规模问题研究[J].农业经济,2018(7):78-80.Wang L,He P M,Wei J Y.Study on the scale of cultivated land fallow based on national food security strategy[J].Agricultural Economy,2018(7):78-80.
[23]张晓山,刘长全.粮食收储制度改革与去库存[J].农村经济,2017(7):1-6.Zhang X S,Liu C Q.Grain storage system reform and destocking[J].Rural Economy,2017(7):1-6.
[24]叶兴庆.以问题为导向推进农业结构性改革[J].农业发展与金融,2016(6):38-40.Ye X Q.Promoting agricultural structural reform with problem orientation[J].Agricultural Development and Finance,2016(6):38-40.
[25]单冰.反思我国的农产品价格支持和直接补贴制度[J].安徽农业大学学报(社会科学版),2017,26(1):46-50.Shan B.Reflections on the systems of price support and direct subsidy for agricultural products in China[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition),2017,26(1):46-50.
[26]李国祥.深入推进稻米供给侧结构性改革[J].中国粮食经济,2017(5):16-19.Li G X.Deepening the structural reform of rice supply side[J].China’s Food Economy,2017(5):16-19.
[27]廖进球,黄青青.改革开放以来粮食收购价格政策演进轨迹[J].现代经济探讨,2018(8):30-37.Liao J Q,Huang Q Q.The evolution track of grain purchase price policy since the reform and opening[J].Discussion on Modern Economy,2018(8):30-37.
[28]姜长云.推进农业供给侧结构性改革的重点[J].经济纵横,2018(2):91-98.Jiang C Y.The focus of promoting structural reform of agricultural supply side[J].Economic Review Journal,2018(2):91-98.
[29]曹慧,张玉梅,孙昊.粮食最低收购价政策改革思路与影响分析[J].中国农村经济,2017(11):33-46.Cao H,Zhang Y M,Sun H.The potential impacts of reforming China’s floor price policies on grains[J].Chinese Rural Economy,2017(11):33-46.
[30]顿姣,魏君英,何蒲明.农产品期货和农业保险联动机制研究[J].改革与战略,2017,33(9):81-83,126.Dun J,Wei J Y,He P M.Research on linkage mechanism between agricultural product futures and agricultural insurance[J].Reform and Strategy,2017,33(9):81-83,126.
[2]兰录平.我国粮食最低收购价政策的效应和问题及完善建议[J].农业现代化研究,2013,34(5):513-517.Lan L P.Effect and problems of China’s grain minimum purchase price policy and suggestions for improvement[J].Research of Agricultural Modernization,2013,34(5):513-517.
[3]万晓萌,周晓亚.我国粮食最低收购价政策实施效果评价研究——基于农业供给侧结构性改革背景下的分析[J].价格理论与实践,2018(3):119-121.Wa n X M,Z h o u X Y.R e s e a r c h o n e v a l u a t i o n o f t h e implementation effect of China’s grain minimum purchase price policy——Based on the analysis of agricultural supply side structural reform[J].Price Theory and Practice,2018(3):119-121.
[4]张瑞娟,任晓娜.粮食价格形成和波动机制研究-文献综述与评析[J].中国农业大学学报,2016,21(1):141-146.Zhang R J,Ren X N.Research on pricing mechanism and volatility of grain products:A literature review and comments[J].Journal of China Agricultural University,2016,21(1):141-146.
[5]张照新,徐雪高,彭超.农业发展阶段转变背景下粮食价格支持政策的改革思路[J].北京工商大学学报(社会科学版),2016,31(4):33-39.Zhang Z X,Xu X G,Peng C.Reform orientation of grain price support policy under transformation of agricultural development stage in China[J].Journal of Beijing Technology and Business University(Social Science Edition),2016,31(4):33-39.
[6]王双进.粮食托市收购的困境及改革取向[J].经济纵横,2015(11):87-92.Wang S J.The dilemma and reform orientation of grain prop acquisition[J].Economic Review Journal,2015(11):87-92.
[7]余欣荣.调整优化粮食结构引领农业供给侧结构性改革[J].中国经济报告,2016(12):18-20.Yu X R.Adjusting and optimizing the grain structure to lead the structural reform of the supply side of agriculture[J].China Economic Report,2016(12):18-20.
[8]陈锡文.落实发展新理念破解农业新难题[J].农业经济问题,2016,37(3):4-10.Chen X W.Implementing new development concepts,solving new agricultural problems[J].Issues in Agricultural Economy,2016,37(3):4-10.
[9]王雅鹏,文清.供给侧改革中的湖北粮食发展思考[J].农业现代化研究,2017,38(1):1-7.Wang Y P,Wen Q.Examination of grain development with the supply-side reform in Hubei Province[J].Research of Agricultural Modernization,2017,38(1):1-7.
[10]李波.我国粮食最低收购价政策效果与评价研究[J].价格理论与实践,2016(11):70-73.Li B.Research on the effect and evaluation of China’s minimum grain purchase price policy[J].Price Theory and Practice,2016(11):70-73.
[11]谭砚文,杨重玉,陈丁薇,等.中国粮食市场调控政策的实施绩效与评价[J].农业经济问题,2014,35(5):87-98.Tan Y W,Yang C Y,Chen D W,et al.Performance achievements and evaluation of China’s grain market regulation and control policy[J].Issues in Agricultural Economy,2014,35(5):87-98.
[12]程国强,朱满德.中国粮食宏观调控的现实状态与政策框架[J].改革,2013(1):18-34.Cheng G Q,Zhu M D.The situation and policy framework of Chinese grain macro-control[J].Reform,2013(1):18-34.
[13]叶兴庆.我国农业支持政策转型:从增产导向到竞争力导向[J].改革,2017(3):19-34.Ye X Q.The transformation of China’s agricultural support policy:from increasing production to enhancing competitiveness[J].Reform,2017(3):19-34.
[14]程国强.我国粮价政策改革的逻辑与思路[J].农业经济问题,2016,37(2):4-9.Cheng G Q.The logic and thinking of China’s grain price policy reform[J].Issues in Agricultural Economy,2016,37(2):4-9.
[15]赵永平.让粮价向市场稳步回归[N].人民日报,2018-02-25(7).Zhao Y P.Let food prices return to the market steadily[N].People’s Daily,2018-02-25(7).
[16]李国祥.为什么要继续执行并完善最低收购价政策[J].农村经济,2016(4):3-7.Li G X.Why continue to implement and improve the minimum purchase price policy[J].Rural Economy,2016(4):3-7.
[17]王士春.我国粮价政策改革要促进竞争力提升[J].中国粮食经济,2018(4):25-27.Wang S C.China’s food price policy reform should promote competitiveness[J].China’s Food Economy,2018(4):25-27.
[18]王颜齐,孟杰,毕欣宁.种植户“粮改豆”意愿及影响因素的实证分析——基于黑龙江和内蒙古两地微观样本[J].农业现代化研究,2017,38(4):696-704.Wang Y Q,Meng J,Bi X N.An empirical analysis on households’willingness and its influencing factors of grain to soybean production conversion:A case study of Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia[J].Research of Agricultural Modernization,2017,38(4):696-704.
[19]彭超.稻谷最低收购价下调后改革如何推向纵深[N].农民日报,2018-02-14(8).Peng C.How to push deeper the reform after the minimum purchase price of rice is lowered[N].Farmers Daily,2018-02-14(8).
[20]孔祥智,张效榕.新一轮粮食价格改革:背景与方向[J].价格理论与实践,2017(1):15-19.Kong X Z,Zhang X R.New round of food price reform:background and direction[J].Price Theory and Practice,2017(1):15-19.
[21]张晓山.推动乡村产业振兴的供给侧结构性改革研究[J].财经问题研究,2019(1):114-121.Zhang X S.Research on supply-side structural reform to promote rural industry revitalization[J].Research on Financial and Economic Issues,2019(1):114-121.
[22]王朗,何蒲明,魏君英.基于国家粮食安全战略的耕地休耕规模问题研究[J].农业经济,2018(7):78-80.Wang L,He P M,Wei J Y.Study on the scale of cultivated land fallow based on national food security strategy[J].Agricultural Economy,2018(7):78-80.
[23]张晓山,刘长全.粮食收储制度改革与去库存[J].农村经济,2017(7):1-6.Zhang X S,Liu C Q.Grain storage system reform and destocking[J].Rural Economy,2017(7):1-6.
[24]叶兴庆.以问题为导向推进农业结构性改革[J].农业发展与金融,2016(6):38-40.Ye X Q.Promoting agricultural structural reform with problem orientation[J].Agricultural Development and Finance,2016(6):38-40.
[25]单冰.反思我国的农产品价格支持和直接补贴制度[J].安徽农业大学学报(社会科学版),2017,26(1):46-50.Shan B.Reflections on the systems of price support and direct subsidy for agricultural products in China[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition),2017,26(1):46-50.
[26]李国祥.深入推进稻米供给侧结构性改革[J].中国粮食经济,2017(5):16-19.Li G X.Deepening the structural reform of rice supply side[J].China’s Food Economy,2017(5):16-19.
[27]廖进球,黄青青.改革开放以来粮食收购价格政策演进轨迹[J].现代经济探讨,2018(8):30-37.Liao J Q,Huang Q Q.The evolution track of grain purchase price policy since the reform and opening[J].Discussion on Modern Economy,2018(8):30-37.
[28]姜长云.推进农业供给侧结构性改革的重点[J].经济纵横,2018(2):91-98.Jiang C Y.The focus of promoting structural reform of agricultural supply side[J].Economic Review Journal,2018(2):91-98.
[29]曹慧,张玉梅,孙昊.粮食最低收购价政策改革思路与影响分析[J].中国农村经济,2017(11):33-46.Cao H,Zhang Y M,Sun H.The potential impacts of reforming China’s floor price policies on grains[J].Chinese Rural Economy,2017(11):33-46.
[30]顿姣,魏君英,何蒲明.农产品期货和农业保险联动机制研究[J].改革与战略,2017,33(9):81-83,126.Dun J,Wei J Y,He P M.Research on linkage mechanism between agricultural product futures and agricultural insurance[J].Reform and Strategy,2017,33(9):81-83,126.