河道构型单元及其对油藏的控制作用——以鄂尔多斯盆地华庆地区长8段储集层为例
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摘要
鄂尔多斯盆地华庆地区长8段储集层油水差异性成藏问题是长期以来制约油田进一步开发部署的首要难题。水下分流河道砂体作为华庆地区原油的优势储集体,对其精细描述有利于解决相关复杂成藏问题。本文采用河道构型的相关概念和知识,选取华庆地区长8段储集层河道主体和河道侧翼的典型岩样,分别做单偏光和荧光镜下鉴定、微毛细管压汞和物性统计分析等工作。结果表明,河道主体砂体的物性远好于河道侧翼,在相同条件下,河道主体砂体更利于原油充注,河道侧翼砂体非均质性强,加剧了油水的差异性分布。通过构建砂体剖面和储集层模型,将河道复合砂体分为4种类型,河道主体砂体的厚度是决定油藏规模的重要指标。有限的原油会沿着规模较大的河道砂体远距离运移,在河道砂体尖灭处或构造高部位聚集成藏。
The oil-water differential accumulation in the Chang-8 member in Huaqing area of the Ordos basin is the primary problem thathas constrained the further development and deployment of the oilfield for a long time. The sand bodies in the underwater distributary chan-nel are the dominant oil reservoirs in Huaqing area, and the fine description for the underwater distributary channel is conducive to solvingthe complex problems on oil and water accumulation. Based on the concepts and knowledge of channel architecture, the paper selected thetypical rock samples of river main body and flanks of the Chang-8 member in Huaqing area, and performed microscopic identification andstatistic analysis on lithology and microcapillary mercury injection data. The results reveals the physical properties and pore structures ofthe main channel sand bodies are far better than those of channel flanks; under the same conditions the main channel sand bodies are morefavorable for crude oil charging, channel flanks make reservoir's heterogeneity strengthened, which influences the differential distributionof oil and water. Based on the establishment of sand body profile and reservoir model, the composite channel sand bodies can be classifiedinto 4 types. The thickness of the main channel sand body is an important index to determine the scale of a reservoir, and the size of thesand body determines the migration and accumulation of crude oil. Limited crude oil migrated along the large-scale channel sand bodiesand accumulated at pinchouts or the higher positions of structures.
The oil-water differential accumulation in the Chang-8 member in Huaqing area of the Ordos basin is the primary problem thathas constrained the further development and deployment of the oilfield for a long time. The sand bodies in the underwater distributary chan-nel are the dominant oil reservoirs in Huaqing area, and the fine description for the underwater distributary channel is conducive to solvingthe complex problems on oil and water accumulation. Based on the concepts and knowledge of channel architecture, the paper selected thetypical rock samples of river main body and flanks of the Chang-8 member in Huaqing area, and performed microscopic identification andstatistic analysis on lithology and microcapillary mercury injection data. The results reveals the physical properties and pore structures ofthe main channel sand bodies are far better than those of channel flanks; under the same conditions the main channel sand bodies are morefavorable for crude oil charging, channel flanks make reservoir's heterogeneity strengthened, which influences the differential distributionof oil and water. Based on the establishment of sand body profile and reservoir model, the composite channel sand bodies can be classifiedinto 4 types. The thickness of the main channel sand body is an important index to determine the scale of a reservoir, and the size of thesand body determines the migration and accumulation of crude oil. Limited crude oil migrated along the large-scale channel sand bodiesand accumulated at pinchouts or the higher positions of structures.
引文
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[2]ALLEN J R L.Studies in fluviatile sedimentation:bars,bar complexes and sandstone sheets(lower-sinuosity braided streams)in the Brownstones(L.Devonian),Welsh Bor-ders[J].Sedimentary Geology,1977,33:237-293.
[3]MIALL A D.Architectural-element analysis:a new method of facies analysis applied to fluvial deposite[J].Earth Science Review,1985,22(4):261-308.
[4]MIALL A D.Architectural elements and bounding surfaces in fluvial deposits:anatomy of the Kayenta formation(Lower Jurassic),southwest Colorado[J].Sedimentary Geology,1988,55(3):233-262.
[5]李志鹏,林承焰,董波,等.河控三角洲水下分流河道砂体内部建筑结构模式[J].石油学报,2012,33(1):101-105.LI Zhipeng,LIN Chengyan,DONG Bo,et al.An internal structure model of subaqueous distributary channel sands of the fluvial-dominated delta[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(1):101-105.
[6]于兴河,王德发.陆相断陷盆地三角洲相构形要素及其储层地质模型[J].地质论评,1997,43(3):225-231.YU Xinghe,WANG Defa.The architectural element of the deltaic system in the terrestrial faulted basin and the significance of its reservoir geological model[J].Geological Review,1997,43(3):225-231.
[7]MACKEY S D,BRIDGE J S.Three-dimensional model of alluvial stratigraphy:theory and application[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,1995,65(1b):7-31.
[8]陈世加,路俊刚,姚泾利,等.鄂尔多斯盆地华庆地区长8油层组成藏特征及控制因素[J].沉积学报,2012,30(6):1 130-1 140.CHEN Shijia,LU Jungang,YAO Jingli,et al.Characteristics of reservoir formation and the controlling factors of Chang 8 oil-bearing formation in Huaqing area of Ordos basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2012,30(6):1 130-1 140.
[9]李勇,陈世加,吴柄燕,等.广安气田须六段致密砂岩气藏复杂气水关系控制因素[J].新疆石油地质,2017,38(2):198-203.LI Yong,CHEN Shijia,WU Bingyan,et al.Controlling factors on complex gas-water distribution in Xu-6 tight sandstone gas reservoir in Guang-an area[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2017,38(2):198-203.
[10]陈世加,张纪智,姚泾利,等.鄂尔多斯盆地华庆地区长8油藏局部油水分布复杂成因分析[J].石油实验地质,2012,34(3):281-284.CHEN Shijia,ZHANG Jizhi,YAO Jingli,et al.Causes for complex oil and water distribution in parts of Chang 8 reservoir,Huaqing area,Ordos basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2012,34(3):281-284.
[11]李凤杰,王多云,王峰,等.坳陷湖盆三角洲前缘储层砂体成因研究[J].石油实验地质,2007,29(1):63-70.LI Fengjie,WANG Duoyun,WANG Feng,et al.Genetic research of reservoirs at delta front in depressed lacustrine basins[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2007,29(1):63-70.
[12]李文厚,庞军刚,曹红霞,等.鄂尔多斯盆地晚三叠世延长期沉积体系及岩相古地理演化[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2009,39(3):501-506.LI Wenhou,PANG Jungang,CAO Hongxia,et al.Depositional system and paleogeographic evolution of the Late Triassic Yanchang stage in Ordos basin[J].Journal of Northwest University(Natural Science Edition),2009,39(3):501-506.
[13]刘昊伟,郑兴远,王若谷,等.白豹地区晚三叠世延长组长8期物源分析[J].西北大学学报(自然科学报),2010,40(5):872-875.LIU Haowei,ZHENG Xingyuan,WANG Ruogu,et al.The ananlysis of sedimentary source of Yanchang formation in Baibao area of Ordos basin[J].Journal of Northwest University(Natural Science Edition),2010,40(5):872-875.
[14]李玲玲,张兴勇.鄂尔多斯盆地华庆地区长油层组沉积相研究[J].石油天然气学报,2011,33(6):170-174.LI Lingling,ZHANG Xingyong.Sedimentary facies of Chang 8 reservoir in Yanchang formation of Huaqing area of Ordos basin[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2011,33(6):170-174.
[15]赖锦,王贵文,陈敏,等.基于岩石物理相的储集层孔隙结构分类评价:以鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬地区长8油层组为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2013,40(5):566-573.LAI Jin,WANG Guiwen,CHEN Min,et al.Pore structures evaluation of low permeability clastic reservoirs based on petrophysical facies:a case study on Chang 8 reservoir in the Jiyuan region,Ordos basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2013,40(5):566-573.
[16]罗静兰,李忠兴,史成恩,等.鄂尔多斯盆地西南部上三叠统延长组长、长油层组的沉积体系与物源方向[J].地质通报,2008,27(1):101-111.LUO Jinglan,LI Zhongxing,SHI Cheng'en,et al.Depositional systems and provenance directions for the Chang 6 and Chang 8 reservoir groups of the Upper Triassic Yanchang formation in the southwestern Ordos basin,China[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2008,27(1):101-111.
[17]宋凯,吕剑文,杜金良,等.鄂尔多斯盆地中部上三叠统延长组物源方向分析与三角洲沉积体系[J].古地理学报,2002,4(3):59-66.SONG Kai,LV Jianwen,DU Jinliang,et al.Source direction analysis and delta depositional systems of Yanchang formation of the Upper Triassic in the central Ordos basin[J].Journal of Palaeogeogaphy,2002,4(3):59-66.
[18]赵俊兴,李凤杰,申晓莉,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部长6和长7油层浊流事件的沉积特征及发育模式[J].石油学报,2008,29(3):389-394.ZHAO Junxing,LI Fengjie,SHEN Xiaoli,et al.Sedimentary characteristics and development pattern of turbidity event of Chang 6and Chang 7 oil reservoirs in the southern Ordos basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(3):389-394.
[19]杨俊杰.鄂尔多斯盆地构造演化与油气分布规律[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002:130-181.YANG Junjie.Tectonic evolution and hydrocarbon distribution in Ordos basin[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2002:130-181.
[20]COLOMBO F.Normal and reverse unroofing sequences in syntectonic conglornerates as evidence of progressive basin ward deformation[J].Geology,1994,22(3):235-238.
[21]王传远,段毅,车桂美,等.鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组原油地球化学特征及油源分析[J].高校地质学报,2009,15(3):380-386.WANG Chuanyuan,DUAN Yi,CHE Guimei,et al.Geochemical characteristics and oil-source analysis of crude oil in the Yanchang formation of Upper Triassic from Ordos basin[J].Geological Journal of China University,2009,15(3):380-386.
[22]张晓丽,段毅,何金先,等.鄂尔多斯盆地华庆地区延长组下油层组原油地球化学特征及油源对比[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(5):866-873.ZHANG Xiaoli,DUAN Yi,HE Jinxian,et al.Geochemical characteristics of crude oil in Lower Part of Yanchang formation and correlation of oil source in Huaqing area of Ordos basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2011,22(5):866-873.
[23]王岚,邹才能,林潼,等.鄂尔多斯盆地白豹-华池地区延长组长6油层组沉积环境及成岩相分析[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(5):796-805.WANG Lan,ZOU Caineng,LIN Tong,et al.Sedimentary environment and diagenesis facies of Chang 6 Yanchang formation in Baibao-Huachi,Ordos basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2011,22(5):796-805.
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