基于杜鹃算法的变压器全寿命周期成本优化研究
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摘要
变压器运维方式影响其运行可靠性和检修费用,进而影响全寿命周期成本。因此,优化运维策略对降低全生命周期成本具有重要的意义。采用威布尔分布的故障概率模型,提出了寿命效率指数概念并建立寿命效率指数模型来定量衡量检修延长变压器运行寿命的作用。分析了变压器从设计、购置、维修直到退役的全寿命周期成本。以全寿命周期年均成本最低为目标函数,在运行可靠性、检修程度和寿命效率指数等约束条件下,将杜鹃算法用于运维策略中检修时间、检修程度和运行寿命参数寻优,并将优化结果与粒子群算法(PSO)、遗传算法(GA)进行比较。结果表明杜鹃算法得出的结果更好,能进一步降低年均费用和提高寿命效率指数,可以为变压器实际运行与维护提供一定的参考依据。
Transformer operation and maintenance methods have an influence on its operational reliability and maintenance cost, which can influence the life cycle cost further. Therefore, optimizing the operation and maintenance strategy is of great significance to reduce the life cycle cost. Based on the Weibull distribution failure probability model, the life efficiency index is proposed and established to quantitatively measure the effect of maintenance on the operating life of the transformer. The total life cycle cost of transformers from design, purchase, maintenance to decommissioning is analyzed. The average annual cost per life cycle is chosen as the objective function. Under the constraints of operational reliability, maintenance levels and life efficiency index, the cuckoo algorithm is used to optimize the maintenance time, maintenance level, and operating life parameters in the operation and maintenance strategy. Comparing to Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO) and Genetic Algorithm(GA), the results obtained by the cuckoo algorithm are better. Not only the annual average cost is less, but also life efficiency index is higher, which can provide certain guarantees for transformer operation and maintenance.
Transformer operation and maintenance methods have an influence on its operational reliability and maintenance cost, which can influence the life cycle cost further. Therefore, optimizing the operation and maintenance strategy is of great significance to reduce the life cycle cost. Based on the Weibull distribution failure probability model, the life efficiency index is proposed and established to quantitatively measure the effect of maintenance on the operating life of the transformer. The total life cycle cost of transformers from design, purchase, maintenance to decommissioning is analyzed. The average annual cost per life cycle is chosen as the objective function. Under the constraints of operational reliability, maintenance levels and life efficiency index, the cuckoo algorithm is used to optimize the maintenance time, maintenance level, and operating life parameters in the operation and maintenance strategy. Comparing to Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO) and Genetic Algorithm(GA), the results obtained by the cuckoo algorithm are better. Not only the annual average cost is less, but also life efficiency index is higher, which can provide certain guarantees for transformer operation and maintenance.
引文
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[3]孟繁津.基于健康状态的电力变压器可靠性和经济性寿命评估研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2014.
[4]于继来,王成福,张博,等.在役电力变压器经济寿命评估[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2010,22(3):86-90.YU Jilai,WANG Chengfu,ZHANG Bo,et al.Economic life evaluation of power transformer in service[J].Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA,2010,22(3):86-90.
[5]杨丽徙,蔡红飞,陈新献.电力变压器剩余技术寿命的综合评估[J].变压器,2013,50(4):43-46.YANG Lixi,CAI Hongfei,CHEN Xinxian.Comprehensive assessment of remain life time of power transformer[J].Transformer,2013,50(4):43-46.
[6]黄俊辉,汪惟源,王海潜,等.基于模拟退火遗传算法的交直流系统无功优化与电压控制研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(10):37-43.HUANG Junhui,WANG Weiyuan,WANG Haiqian,et al.Study of hybrid genetic algorithm and annealing algorithm on reactive power optimization and voltage control in AC/DC transmission system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(10):37-43.
[7]栗然,韩彪,卢云,等.基于随机模糊理论的变压器经济寿命评估[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(1):9-16.LI Ran,HAN Biao,LU Yun,et al.Transformer’s economic life assessment based on random and fuzzy theory[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(1):9-16.
[8]STRAZZA C,BORGHI A D,COSTAMAGNA P,et al.Life cycle assessment and life cycle costing of a SOFCsystem for distributed power generation[J].Energy Conversion&Management,2015,100:64-77.
[9]王慧芳,赵婉芳,杜振东,等.基于寿命数据的电力变压器经济寿命预测[J].电网技术,2015,39(3):810-816.WANG Huifang,ZHAO Wanfang,DU Zhendong,et al.Economic life prediction of power transformers based on the lifetime data[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(3):810-816.
[10]崔新奇,尹来宾,范春菊,等.变电站改造中变压器全生命周期费用(LCC)模型的研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2010,38(7):69-73.CUI Xinqi,YIN Laibin,FAN Chunju,et al.Study of LCC for power transformer in modification of transformer substation[J].Power System Protection and Control,2010,38(7):69-73.
[11]梁刚,李盛伟,郭铁军,等.基于全寿命周期等年值成本的变压器更换辅助决策方法[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2017,29(6):130-134.LIANG Gang,LI Shengwei,GUO Tiejun,et al.Assistant decision-making method for transformer-replacement based on equivalent annual cost in life cycle[J].Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA,2017,29(6):130-134.
[12]罗晓初,李乐,魏志连,等.全寿命周期成本理论在配电变压器改造投资决策中的应用[J].电网技术,2011,35(2):207-211.LUO Xiaochu,LI Le,WEI Zhilian,et al.Applications of life cycle cost theory in decision-making of investment for distribution transformers renovation[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(2):207-211.
[13]马仲能,钟立华,卢锴,等.基于电力设备全寿命周期成本最优的检修策略研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2011,39(16):34-39.MA Zhongneng,ZHONG Lihua,LU Kai,et al.Study on the maintenance strategy of power equipment based on the optimal life cycle cost[J].Power System Protection and Control,2011,39(16):34-39.
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[15]HINOW M,MEVISSEN M.Substation maintenance strategy adaptation for life-cycle cost reduction using genetic algorithm[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2010,26(1):197-204.
[16]张翔,宋子彤,杨致慧,等.一种基于负载率和设备检测信息的油浸式变压器故障率模型[J].电网技术,2013,37(4):1159-1165.ZHANG Xiang,SONG Zitong,YANG Zhihui,et al.Afailure model for oil-immersed transformer based on load factor and equipment inspection information[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(4):1159-1165.
[17]孙有朝,张永进,李龙彪.可靠性原理与方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2016.
[18]刘有为,马麟,吴立远,等.电力变压器经济寿命模型及应用实例[J].电网技术,2012,36(10):235-240.LIU Youwei,MA Lin,WU Liyuan,et al.Economic life model of power transformer and its application[J].Power System Technology,2012,36(10):235-240.
[19]陈明,张靠社.基于改进布谷鸟算法的风光储联合供电系统储能容量优化配置研究[J].电网与清洁能源,2016,32(8):141-146.CHEN Ming,ZHANG Kaoshe.Research on capacity optimization of hybrid energy storage system in windPV-storage power generation system based on improved cuckoo search algorithm[J].Power System and Clean Energy,2016,32(8):141-146.
[20]薛浩然,张珂珩,李斌,等.基于布谷鸟算法和支持向量机的变压器故障诊断[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(8):8-13.XUE Haoran,ZHANG Keheng,LI Bin,et al.Fault diagnosis of transformer based on the cuckoo search and support vector machine[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(8):8-13.
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