利用隶属函数法对山药种质资源品质和产量进行综合评价
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摘要
【目的】对31个山药种质资源的品质和产量进行综合评价,为山药优良品种的选育栽培和山药产业的发展提供理论参考。【方法】以所收集的31个山药种质资源为材料,测定其块茎产量、性状及可溶性蛋白、淀粉、蔗糖、还原糖等品质指标,并用隶属函数法对所得数据进行综合评价。【结果】31个山药种质资源在产量和品质方面存在较大差异,根据块茎长度可划分为长型、中型、短型3种类型;根据产量性状可划分为7类,第1类产量最高,达55 000 kg/hm~2以上,包括HZ-2和G15,第7类产量最低,为15000 kg/hm~2以下,包括湖北大、铁棍山药、湖北小和SY2。经隶属函法综合评价,品质和产量表现较优的有中、长型品种GH5、G1、GH-9、G15、HZ-2、BL-5和BL-2,短型品种PZ-1、野生种、土家白、PZ-3、BL-3、粤北2号和浙江红。【结论】综合表现较优的品种中,中、长型品种GH5、G1、GH-9、G15及HZ-2等品质和产量俱佳,适合作为高产优质育种材料或鲜食新品种的优异亲本;而短型品种野生种、土家白和浙江红等,则适合机械化种植和加工。
【Objective】In order to provide a theoretical reference and guidance for variety breeding and cultivation of improved yam varieties and develop the yam industry,the traits of quality and yield were evaluated synthetically with 31 yam germplasm resources as materials.【Method】The tuber yield,character and contents of soluble protein,starch,sucrose,reducing sugar of 31 kinds of yam germplasm resources were analyzed and evaluated by Membership Function.【Result】The yield and quality were different in different germplasm resources. All germplasm resources could be divided into 3 types including long,medium and short according to tuber length,but they could be divided into 7 types according to yield. The first type had the highest yield which was greater than 55 000 kg/hm~2,such as HZ-2 and G15,the seventh type had the lowest yield which was less than 15 000 kg/hm~2,such as Hubeida,Tiegun,Hubeixiao,and SY2. Comprehensive analysis with Membership Function indicated that seven germplasm resources with long or medium tuber length had better nutritional quality and higher production,which were GH5,G1,GH-9,G15,HZ-2,BL-5 and BL-2,respectively. There were seven germplasm resources with short tuber length had better nutritional quality and higher production,which were PZ-1,Wild species,Tujia white,PZ-3,BL-3,Yuebei NO. 2,and Zhejiang red,respectively.【Conclusion】Optimum germplasm resources with long or medium tuber length such as GH5,G1,GH-9,G15,HZ-2,were suitable for breeding materials of top quality and high production or fresh food varieties, while optimum germplasm resources with short tuber length such as the Wild species,Tujia white,Zhejiang red,were more suitable for mechanized planting and processing.
【Objective】In order to provide a theoretical reference and guidance for variety breeding and cultivation of improved yam varieties and develop the yam industry,the traits of quality and yield were evaluated synthetically with 31 yam germplasm resources as materials.【Method】The tuber yield,character and contents of soluble protein,starch,sucrose,reducing sugar of 31 kinds of yam germplasm resources were analyzed and evaluated by Membership Function.【Result】The yield and quality were different in different germplasm resources. All germplasm resources could be divided into 3 types including long,medium and short according to tuber length,but they could be divided into 7 types according to yield. The first type had the highest yield which was greater than 55 000 kg/hm~2,such as HZ-2 and G15,the seventh type had the lowest yield which was less than 15 000 kg/hm~2,such as Hubeida,Tiegun,Hubeixiao,and SY2. Comprehensive analysis with Membership Function indicated that seven germplasm resources with long or medium tuber length had better nutritional quality and higher production,which were GH5,G1,GH-9,G15,HZ-2,BL-5 and BL-2,respectively. There were seven germplasm resources with short tuber length had better nutritional quality and higher production,which were PZ-1,Wild species,Tujia white,PZ-3,BL-3,Yuebei NO. 2,and Zhejiang red,respectively.【Conclusion】Optimum germplasm resources with long or medium tuber length such as GH5,G1,GH-9,G15,HZ-2,were suitable for breeding materials of top quality and high production or fresh food varieties, while optimum germplasm resources with short tuber length such as the Wild species,Tujia white,Zhejiang red,were more suitable for mechanized planting and processing.
引文
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[14]韦本辉,韦威泰,甘秀芹,等.淮山品种桂淮5号的选育及栽培研究[J].作物杂志,2004(4):28-30.
[15]龚明霞,罗海玲,袁红娟,等.外源赤霉素和多效唑对山药块茎膨大和零余子形成的影响[J].园艺学报,2015,42(6):1175-1184.
[16]梁任繁,李创珍,张娟,等.山药块茎发育中物质积累及相关代谢酶变化[J].作物学报,2011,37(5):903-910.
[17]王飞,刘红彦,鲁传涛,等.5个山药品种资源的农艺性状和营养品质比较[J].河南农业科学,2005(3):58-60.
[18]王小丽,王军民,肖能武,等.4个山药品种农艺、产量及品质性状的比较[J].浙江农业科学,2013(2):141-142.
[19]许念芳,岳林旭,刘少军.不同山药品种特性研究[J].江西农业学报,2017,29(7):53-55.
[20]韩锁义,张新友,王素霞,等.河南省怀山药生产现状[J].河南农业科学,2011,40(9):109-111.
[21]赵晓美,周思菊,孙玉勇,等.不同栽培技术对铁棍山药生长及产量的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2017,45(17):113-115.
[22]韦本辉.我国淮山药产业发展现状及对策[J].现代农业科技,2012(3):352-354.
[2]丁志遵.中国薯蓣科新分类群[J].植物分类学报,1982,20(2):205-209.
[3]韦本辉,甘秀芹,韦威旭,等.不同淮山药品种(种质)资源营养特性与聚类分析[J].广西农业科学,2008,39(5):596-600.
[4]华树妹.福建山药资源品质成分与遗传多样性分析[D].福建农林大学硕士学位论文,2010.
[5]梁任繁,王军民,覃芳,等.广西山药种质资源聚类分析[J].中国蔬菜,2009(4):30-34.
[6]王绍辉,杨瑞,赵金芳,等.不同萝卜品种几个品质性状的评价分析[J].中国蔬菜,2006(4):22-23.
[7]程智慧,杜慧芳,孟焕文,等.大蒜不同品种蒜薹营养品质分析与评价[J].园艺学报,1996,23(4):398-400.
[8]赵春波,宋述尧,张传伟,等.不同品种马铃薯品质分析与评价[J].吉林农业科学,2011,36(4):58-60.
[9]李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000.
[10]王晶英,敖红,张杰,等.植物生理生化实验技术与原理[M].哈尔滨:东北林业大学出版社,2003.
[11]陆国权,李秀玲,丁守仁,等.盐酸水解DNS比色法快速测定甘薯淀粉含量的标准方法研究[J].中国粮油学报,2002,17(1):25-28.
[12]关倩倩,宗爱珍,祁瑜婷,等.基于主成分分析的糖尿病专用山药品种筛选[J].食品工业科技,2018,39(4):38-43.
[13]李小侠,吴志刚,魏余煌,等.应用灰色关联分析方法综合评价温州山药种质资源[J].浙江农业科学,2012(3):332-335.
[14]韦本辉,韦威泰,甘秀芹,等.淮山品种桂淮5号的选育及栽培研究[J].作物杂志,2004(4):28-30.
[15]龚明霞,罗海玲,袁红娟,等.外源赤霉素和多效唑对山药块茎膨大和零余子形成的影响[J].园艺学报,2015,42(6):1175-1184.
[16]梁任繁,李创珍,张娟,等.山药块茎发育中物质积累及相关代谢酶变化[J].作物学报,2011,37(5):903-910.
[17]王飞,刘红彦,鲁传涛,等.5个山药品种资源的农艺性状和营养品质比较[J].河南农业科学,2005(3):58-60.
[18]王小丽,王军民,肖能武,等.4个山药品种农艺、产量及品质性状的比较[J].浙江农业科学,2013(2):141-142.
[19]许念芳,岳林旭,刘少军.不同山药品种特性研究[J].江西农业学报,2017,29(7):53-55.
[20]韩锁义,张新友,王素霞,等.河南省怀山药生产现状[J].河南农业科学,2011,40(9):109-111.
[21]赵晓美,周思菊,孙玉勇,等.不同栽培技术对铁棍山药生长及产量的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2017,45(17):113-115.
[22]韦本辉.我国淮山药产业发展现状及对策[J].现代农业科技,2012(3):352-354.