探地雷达与高密度电法在铀尾矿库地下结构可视化中的应用
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摘要
针对早期退役铀尾矿库存在缺少规范的监测系统、表层治理覆土与地下尾矿埋藏情况不明的问题,采用高密度电法获取尾矿库中深部信息,绘制反演数据二维等值线图和三维等值面图,分析地下尾矿的空间分布情况和基岩位置;采用探地雷达方法探测浅地表的精细结构,根据雷达反射剖面图划分层位,分析治理覆土厚度变化规律。研究结果表明,高密度电法能够有效探测尾矿库地下结构,尾矿沉降和覆土挤压引起尾矿砂水平分层较差,存在覆土薄弱区域,并可能形成潜在的渗漏通道;探地雷达可以清晰分辨深度2 m内的治理覆土分层,发现治理覆土的厚度较稳定。两种方法的探测结果可以为铀尾矿库的安全稳定性评价提供依据及参数。
In view of the lack of standardized monitoring systems,surface treatment overburden and underground tailings burial in the early decommissioned uranium tailings inventory,high-density electrical methods were used to obtain deep information in the tailings pond. The two-dimensional contour map and the three-dimensional isosurface map of the inversion data are drawn. The spatial distribution of underground tailings and the location of bedrock are analyzed. The ground penetrating radar method is used to detect the fine structure of the shallow surface. According to the radar reflection profile,the layer is divided to analyze the variation law of the thickness of the cover soil. The results show that the high-density electrical method can effectively detect the underground structure of the tailings pond. The tailings settlement and the soil-squeezing cause the horizontal stratification of the tailings sand is poor,there is a weak soil covering area,and potential leakage channels may be formed. The ground penetrating radar can clearly distinguish the stratification of the overburden within 2 m depth and find that the thickness of the treated overburden is relatively stable. The detection results of the two methods can provide the basis and parameters for the safety and stability evaluation of the uranium tailings pond.
In view of the lack of standardized monitoring systems,surface treatment overburden and underground tailings burial in the early decommissioned uranium tailings inventory,high-density electrical methods were used to obtain deep information in the tailings pond. The two-dimensional contour map and the three-dimensional isosurface map of the inversion data are drawn. The spatial distribution of underground tailings and the location of bedrock are analyzed. The ground penetrating radar method is used to detect the fine structure of the shallow surface. According to the radar reflection profile,the layer is divided to analyze the variation law of the thickness of the cover soil. The results show that the high-density electrical method can effectively detect the underground structure of the tailings pond. The tailings settlement and the soil-squeezing cause the horizontal stratification of the tailings sand is poor,there is a weak soil covering area,and potential leakage channels may be formed. The ground penetrating radar can clearly distinguish the stratification of the overburden within 2 m depth and find that the thickness of the treated overburden is relatively stable. The detection results of the two methods can provide the basis and parameters for the safety and stability evaluation of the uranium tailings pond.
引文
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Unai Cortada,Julián Martínez,Javier Rey,et al.2017.Assessment of tailings pond seals using geophysical and hydrochemical techniques[J].Engineering Geology,223:59-70.
陈松,陈长敬,李小彬,等.2017.充电法和高密度电法在典型岩溶区勘查中的应用分析[J].工程地球物理学报,14(1):6-12.
邓敦毅,邵树强,潘建平.2010.自然状态下尾矿坝边坡稳定性的数值模拟研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,6(2):414-417.
邓居智,刘庆成,莫撼.2001.高密度电阻率法在探测水坝隐患中的应用[J].华东地质学院学报,24(4):282-285.
何茂兵,杨亚新,陈越,等.2003.浅谈探地雷达在冰川研究中的应用[J].华东地质学院学报,26(1):48-51.
胡文志,马海涛,谢振华,等.2011.三维高密度电法在尾矿库隐患检测中的应用[J].中国安全生产科学技术,7(9):64-67.
李大心.1994.探地雷达方法与应用[M].北京:地质出版社.
刘宁.2016.基于探地雷达的复垦土壤压实与工程质量评价[D].泰安:山东农业大学.
路美丽,崔莉.2006.复杂地形尾矿坝的三维渗流分析[J].岩土力学,27(7):1176-1180.
欧阳永永,熊章强,张大洲.2011.基于不同装置的二维高密度电法勘探效果比较与分析[J].世界地质,30(3):451-458.
潘英杰.2002.铀尾矿库的辐射安全及事故预防对策[J].铀矿冶,21(4):200-204.
宋文文.2018.基于探地雷达的土地整治工程质量检测研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学.
王志章.2003.铀尾矿库的退役环境治理[J].铀矿冶,22(2):95-99.
严加永,孟贵祥,吕庆田,等.2012.高密度电法的进展与展望[J].物探与化探,36(4):576-584.
张建清,徐磊,李鹏,等.2018.综合物探技术在大坝渗漏探测中的试验研究[J].地球物理学进展,33(1):432-440.
张叶,张雄杰,杨亚新,等.2015.基于ERS2S测氡仪的氡析出率准确测量研究[J].核电子学与探测技术,35(2):150-153.
赵镨,姜杰,王秀荣.2017.城市地下空间探测关键技术及发展趋势[J].中国煤炭地质,29(9):61-66.
Tomás Martín-Crespo,David Gómez-Ortiz,Silvia Martín-Velázquez,et al.2018.Geoenvironmental characterization of unstable abandoned mine tailings combining geophysical and geochemical methods(Cartagena-La Union district,Spain)[J].Engineering Geology,232:135-146.
Unai Cortada,Julián Martínez,Javier Rey,et al.2017.Assessment of tailings pond seals using geophysical and hydrochemical techniques[J].Engineering Geology,223:59-70.