中药坐浴熏洗治疗肛门病术后并发症的用药规律分析
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摘要
目的基于文献分析中药坐浴熏洗治疗肛门病术后并发症的临床用药规律。方法检索2005年1月—2015年6月中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)中药坐浴熏洗治疗肛门病术后并发症的相关临床文献,提取纳入文献信息,按中药类别、功效以及性味归经进行频数分析。结果共纳入文献207篇,涉及中药坐浴熏洗治疗肛门病术后常见并发症10种,其中用于缓解术后肛门疼痛、减轻创缘水肿次数最多,总频次213(53.78%)。纳入中药类别共20类,其中使用频次前5位由高到低依次为清热药(主要以清热燥湿及清热解毒药为主)、泻下药、活血化瘀药、解表药及止血药,总频次1 217(67.8%)。涉及中药单药142味,频次共1 795次,单药使用频次前10位由高到低依次为苦参、黄柏、芒硝、五倍子、大黄、冰片、明矾、蒲公英、花椒、马齿苋,累计频率达45.99%。所用中药以苦寒类药物为主,其中苦味药物出现1 131次(44.34%),寒性药物出现1 211次(67.50%)。中药归经出现频次前3位由高到低依次为肝经、大肠经、胃经,总频次达2 641次(50.78%)。结论中药坐浴熏洗治疗肛门病术后并发症,用药主要以清湿热为主,常从清热燥湿解毒、活血化瘀消肿、生肌止痛止血等方面论治,为临床遣方用药提供参考。
Objective To analyze the clinical medication regularities of Chinese herbal medicines for fumigation and washing in the treatment of anal postoperative complications based on the literature analysis. Methods Some relevant clinical literatures about fumigation and washing with Chinese herbal medicines used for the treatment of anal postoperative complications published from January2005 to June 2015 in China Journal Full Text Database( CNKI) were retrieved,and the information extracted from the included literatures were processed by frequency analysis according to the category, actions, property and flavors and channel tropism of Chinese herbal medicines. Results A total of 207 literatures were included,involving 10 kinds of anal postoperative complications treated by Chinese herbal medicines by fumigation and washing. Among them,the frequency of alleviating postoperative anal pain and reducing edema around the lesion margin were the most,and the total frequency were 213( 53. 78%). 20 categories of Chinese herbal medicines were included,the top five in use frequency from high to low were heat-clearing drugs( mainly to clear away heat and dry dampness or clear away heat and detoxifying), purgative drugs, drugs for invigorating blood circulation and eliminating stasis,diaphoretic drugs and hemostatics,and the total frequency were 1 217( 67. 8%). 142 single Chinese herbs were involved,and the total frequency was 1 795. The top ten in use frequency from high to low was radix sophorae flavescentis,bark of amur corktree,glauber's salt,galla,rhubarb,borneol,alum,dandelion,peppertree,portulaca,the accumulative frequency were 45. 99%. The bitter and cold drugs were used most,of which,the frequency of the bitter drugs was 1 131( 44. 34%) and the cold drugs 1 211( 67. 50%). The top three in frequency of channel tropism from high to low were liver meridian,large intestine meridian and stomach meridian,the total frequency was 2641( 50. 78%). Conclusion Chinese herbal medicines by fumigation and washing for the treatment of anal postoperative complications are mainly used to clear away damp and heat,and take the principles of clearing away heat,drying dampness and detoxicifying,activating blood circulation to dissipate stasis and detumescence,promoting the generation of tissues,relieving pain and hemostasis in differentiation and treatment. It can be used as references for making prescriptions clinically.
Objective To analyze the clinical medication regularities of Chinese herbal medicines for fumigation and washing in the treatment of anal postoperative complications based on the literature analysis. Methods Some relevant clinical literatures about fumigation and washing with Chinese herbal medicines used for the treatment of anal postoperative complications published from January2005 to June 2015 in China Journal Full Text Database( CNKI) were retrieved,and the information extracted from the included literatures were processed by frequency analysis according to the category, actions, property and flavors and channel tropism of Chinese herbal medicines. Results A total of 207 literatures were included,involving 10 kinds of anal postoperative complications treated by Chinese herbal medicines by fumigation and washing. Among them,the frequency of alleviating postoperative anal pain and reducing edema around the lesion margin were the most,and the total frequency were 213( 53. 78%). 20 categories of Chinese herbal medicines were included,the top five in use frequency from high to low were heat-clearing drugs( mainly to clear away heat and dry dampness or clear away heat and detoxifying), purgative drugs, drugs for invigorating blood circulation and eliminating stasis,diaphoretic drugs and hemostatics,and the total frequency were 1 217( 67. 8%). 142 single Chinese herbs were involved,and the total frequency was 1 795. The top ten in use frequency from high to low was radix sophorae flavescentis,bark of amur corktree,glauber's salt,galla,rhubarb,borneol,alum,dandelion,peppertree,portulaca,the accumulative frequency were 45. 99%. The bitter and cold drugs were used most,of which,the frequency of the bitter drugs was 1 131( 44. 34%) and the cold drugs 1 211( 67. 50%). The top three in frequency of channel tropism from high to low were liver meridian,large intestine meridian and stomach meridian,the total frequency was 2641( 50. 78%). Conclusion Chinese herbal medicines by fumigation and washing for the treatment of anal postoperative complications are mainly used to clear away damp and heat,and take the principles of clearing away heat,drying dampness and detoxicifying,activating blood circulation to dissipate stasis and detumescence,promoting the generation of tissues,relieving pain and hemostasis in differentiation and treatment. It can be used as references for making prescriptions clinically.
引文
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[2]张少少,安银岭,华燕,等.苦参化学成分和药理研究现状[J].中国民族民间医药,2008,17(11):8-9.
[3]吴嘉瑞,张冰,张光敏.黄柏药理作用研究进展[J].亚太传统医药,2009,5(11):160-162.
[4]刘绍龑,白明,杨亚蕾,等.芒硝外用抗炎作用研究[J].中华中医药杂志,2012,27(2):312-315.
[5]叶利群,鲜红.五倍子的药理研究及在治疗肛肠疾病中的应用[J].中国民族民间医药,2010,14:49-53.
[6]金兰.大黄的药理作用及临床应用进展[J].中国医药指南,2013,11(11):487-488.
[7]陈刚.大黄在肛肠疾病术后运用的机制[J].现代中西医结合杂志,2011,20(29):3769-3770.
[8]赵文树,武鸿斌.白矾在肛肠科的临床应用[J].中医药学报,2004,32(2):41-42.