外泌体在胰腺癌中的研究进展
摘要
外泌体是直径为40-100nm的由细胞分泌至细胞外液中的小囊泡,其广泛分布于机体各组织、器官及体液中。外泌体的囊泡内含有多种蛋白质、脂质、糖类和核酸等生物信息分子,外泌体可以通过将这些生物信息分子靶向转移至受体细胞内来调节和影响受体细胞的生理功能。随着我们对外泌体的研究越来越多,发现外泌体不仅参与和影响人体内分泌平衡和各项生理功能,还在肿瘤的发生、转移及治疗等过程中发挥重要的作用。胰腺癌是一种发病隐秘、早期易转移、预后极差的消化道恶性肿瘤,外泌体作为目前研究的一大热点,发现参与胰腺癌的发生、早期转移、化疗耐药、免疫逃逸等多个重要过程。本文着重阐述了目前外泌体在胰腺癌中的研究进展,为胰腺癌的早期诊断和治疗提供可靠的依据。
引文
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[4]Gra?a Raposocorresponding Author W S.Extracellular vesicles:Exosomes,microvesicles,and friends[J].J Cell Biol,2013,200(4):373-383.
[5]Koh Yq A F,Vaswani K,Peiris HN.et al.Exosome enrichment by ultracentrifugation and size exclusion chromatography[J].Front Biosci(Landmark Ed),2018,23(3):865-874.
[6]Caruso Bavisotto C C F,Macario AJL,Conway de Macario E,et al.Exosomal HSP60:a potentially useful biomarker for diagnosis,assessing prognosis,and monitoring response to treatment[J].Expert Rev Mol Diagn,2017,17(9):815-822.
[7]Melo Sa L L,Kahlert C,Fernandez AF.et al.Glypican-1 identifies cancer exosomes and detects early pancreatic cancer[J].Nature,2015,523(7559):177-182.
[8]Rana S M K,Z?ller M.Exosomal tumor microRNA modulates premetastatic organ cells[J].Neoplasia,2013,15(3):281-295.
[9]Antonyak Ma C R.Microvesicles as mediators of intercellular communication in cancer[J].Methods Mol Biol,2014,1165:147-173.
[10]Kamerkar S L V,Sugimoto H,Yang S.Exosomes facilitate therapeutic targeting of oncogenic KRAS in pancreatic cancer[J].Nature,2017,546(7659):498-503.
[11]Zhang J B M.PD-1 deletion restores susceptibility to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in miR-155-deficient mice[J].Int Immunol,2014,26(7):407-415.
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