F型小麦雄性不育系育性的遗传分析
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摘要
F型不育系(FA)是我国近年来新选育的普通小麦细胞质的CMS型不育系,为确定FA育性基因的遗传模型,采用植物数量性状主基因+多基因遗传模型的5世代联合分析方法,以FA/临汾3158、FA/冬81、FA/HB-7三个杂交组合的P_1、P_2、F_1、F_2群体和FA/HB-7的F_(2:3)群体为试材,分析了FA育性的遗传特性和遗传效应。结果表明,FA育性受2对加性-显性-上位性主基因和加性-显性多对微效基因共同控制,基因互作效应明显。三个F2群体结实率的主基因遗传率为50.58%～71.77%,多基因遗传率为0～45.58%,环境遗传效应值为3.84%～44.12%;三个F_2群体结实小穗率的主基因遗传率为52.35%～66.36%,多基因遗传率为0～17.77%,环境遗传效应值为25.70%～47.65%。FA/HB-7的F_(2:3)群体育性在北京、南阳两地的主基因遗传率相差较大,北京、南阳结实率和结实小穗率的主基因遗传率分别为7.50%和5.45%、90.89%和77.83%,多基因遗传率均为0.00%。FA育性以主基因遗传为主,但环境对性状的影响较大,推测FA育性可能具有一定的环境诱导效应。研究结果为进一步改良和利用FA及其杂种优势利用奠定了基础。
F-type wheat male sterile line(FA)is a new cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS)line which was developed in recent years in China.To determine the genetic model of FA fertility genes in this study,three crossing combinations were created with conventional varieties Linfen 3158,Dong 81,HB-7 and FA.P_1,P_2,F_1 and F_2 populations of the three combinations and the F_(2:3) population of FA/HB-7 were used for further analysis.We use the major gene and polygene mixed inheritance model with five generations to analyze the fertility genetic characteristics of FA wheat.The results showed that the fertility of FA is controlled by two additive-dominance-epistasis major genes and several additive-dominance minor genes.The fertility of main gene heritability of the three F_2 populations ranged from 50.58% to 71.77%,and the polygene heritability ranged from 0 to 45.58% and the environmental genetic effectvalue ranged from 3.84% to 44.12%;the heritability of the major gene in spikelet fertility rate of the three F_2 populations ranged from 52.35% to 66.36%,and the polygene heritability ranged from 0 to 17.77% and the environmental genetic effect value ranged from 25.70% to 47.65%.It was also found that there is the difference between the fertility of the main gene heritability of F_(2:3) population of FA/HB-7 between Nanyang and Beijing.The results showed that the main gene heritability of seed setting rate and spikelet seed setting rate are 7.50% and 5.45%,respectively in Beijing,but 90.89% and 77.83% respectively in Nanyang.The heritability of polygenes is 0.00%.It was indicated that the fertility of FA is seriously influenced by environmental factors.
F-type wheat male sterile line(FA)is a new cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS)line which was developed in recent years in China.To determine the genetic model of FA fertility genes in this study,three crossing combinations were created with conventional varieties Linfen 3158,Dong 81,HB-7 and FA.P_1,P_2,F_1 and F_2 populations of the three combinations and the F_(2:3) population of FA/HB-7 were used for further analysis.We use the major gene and polygene mixed inheritance model with five generations to analyze the fertility genetic characteristics of FA wheat.The results showed that the fertility of FA is controlled by two additive-dominance-epistasis major genes and several additive-dominance minor genes.The fertility of main gene heritability of the three F_2 populations ranged from 50.58% to 71.77%,and the polygene heritability ranged from 0 to 45.58% and the environmental genetic effectvalue ranged from 3.84% to 44.12%;the heritability of the major gene in spikelet fertility rate of the three F_2 populations ranged from 52.35% to 66.36%,and the polygene heritability ranged from 0 to 17.77% and the environmental genetic effect value ranged from 25.70% to 47.65%.It was also found that there is the difference between the fertility of the main gene heritability of F_(2:3) population of FA/HB-7 between Nanyang and Beijing.The results showed that the main gene heritability of seed setting rate and spikelet seed setting rate are 7.50% and 5.45%,respectively in Beijing,but 90.89% and 77.83% respectively in Nanyang.The heritability of polygenes is 0.00%.It was indicated that the fertility of FA is seriously influenced by environmental factors.
引文
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[10]范春燕.YS型小麦温敏雄性不育系和K型小麦不育系配合力分析及遗传研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2008:30.FAN C Y,Research on combining ability and genetics of YS-type thermos-sensitive male-sterile wheat line and K-type male-sterile wheat[D].Yangling:Northwest A&F University,2008:30.
[11]董普辉,朱先玉,程亚丹,等.小麦T型细胞质雄性不育系T9023A的选育及育性恢复研究[J].河南农业科学,2017,46(3):27.DONG P H,ZHU X Y,CHENG Y D,et al.Study on breeding of T-type wheat CMS line T9023Aand its fertility restoration[J].Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences,2017,46(3):27.
[12]张立平,赵昌平,单福华,等.小麦光温敏雄性不育系BS210育性的主基因+多基因混合遗传分析[J].作物学报.2007(9):1554.ZHANG L P,ZHAO C P,SHAN F H,et al.The mixed genetic analysis of photoperiod-temperature sensitive male sterility of BS210in wheat[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2007(9):1554.
[13]刘小芳,田笑明,韩新年,等.AL型小麦育性恢复主基因+多基因混合遗传分析[J].新疆农业科学,2010,47(7):1334.LIU X F,TIAN X M,HAN X N,et al.Genetic analysis on mixed model of major gene plus polygenes inheritance for fertility restoring gene of AL-type hybrid wheats[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,2010,47(7):1334.
[14]盖钧镒.植物数量性状遗传体系的分离分析方法研究[J].遗传,2005(1):131.GAI Y Y.Segregation analyses of genetic system of quantitative traits in plants[J].Hereditas,2005,27(1):131.
[15]盖钧镒,王建康.利用回交世代或F2:3家系世代鉴定数量性状主基因一多基因混合遗传模型[J].作物学报,1998,24(4):402.GAI Y Y,WANG J K.Identification of quantitative traits major gene-polygene hybrid genetic model using backcross or F2:3pedigree generation[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,1998,24(4):402.
[16]章元明,盖钧镒,张孟臣.利用P1、F1、P2和F2或F2:3世代联合的数量性状分离分析[J].西南农业大学学报,2000,22(1):6.ZHANG Y M,GAI Y Y,ZHANG M C.Jointly segregating analysis of P1,P2,F1and F2or F2∶3families[J].Journal of Southwest Agricultural University,2000,22(1):6.
[17]侯北伟,窦秉德,章元明,等.小麦雌性育性的主基因+多基因混合遗传分析[J].遗传,2006,28(12):1567.HOU B W,DOU B D,ZHANG Y M,et al.The mixed major gene plus polygenes inheritance for female fertility in wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)[J].Hereditas,2006,28(12):1567.
[18]盖钧镒,章元明,王建康.植物数量性状遗传体系[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.GAI Y Y,ZHANG Y M,WANG J K.Genetic system of quantitative traits in plants[M].Beijing:Science press,2003.
[19]盖钧镒,管荣展,王建康.植物数量性状QTL体系检测的遗传试验方法[J].世界科技研究与发展,1999,21(1):34.GAI Y Y,GUAN R Z,WANG J K.Genetic testing method for QTL system testing of quantitative characters of plants[J].World Sci-Tech R&D,1999,21(1):34.
[20]王建康,盖钧镒.利用杂种F2世代鉴定数量性状主基因-多基因混合遗传模型并估计其遗传效应[J].遗传学报,1997,24(5):432.WANG J K,GAI Y Y.Identification of major gene and polygene mixed inheritance model and estimation of genetic parameters of a quantitative trait from F2 progeny[J].Acta Genet Sin,1997,24(5):432.
[21]齐智,石晓艺,蒙立颖,等.K型雄性不育小麦育性恢复基因的遗传特点及育性稳定性研究[J].中国农业大学学报,2015,20(4):15.QI Z,SHI X Y,MENG L Y,et al.Genetic characteristics and stability of fertility restoration genes of K-cytoplasmic male sterile wheat[J].Journal of China Agricultural University,2015,20(4):15.
[22]钱焕焕,张玲丽,杜万里,等.K型温敏雄性不育小麦的遗传模式分析[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然版),2013,41(9):51.QIAN H H,ZHANG L L,DU W L,et al.Genetic analysis on thermo-sensitive cytoplasmic male sterile wheat lines with Aegilops kotschyi[J].Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition),2013,41(9):51.
[23]徐达文,张立平,赵昌平,等.小麦光温敏雄性不育系BS366育性的遗传分析[J].华中农业大学学报,2009,28(6):656.XU D W,ZHANG L P,ZHAO C P,et al.Genetic analysis of fertility of photoinduced thermo-sensitive male sterile line BS366in wheat[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2009,28(6):656.
[2]杨春玲,郭瑞林,关立,等.我国小麦杂种优势利用现状及存在的问题[J].河南农业科学,2002(9):14.YANG C L,GUO R L,GUAN L,et al.Current sstatus and existing problems of wheat heterosis utilization in China[J].Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences,2002(9):14.
[3]王建革,李集临,薛玺.小麦细胞质雄性不育研究的回顾[J].生物工程进展,1995,15(4):33.WANG J G,LI J L,XUE X,et al.Review of wheat cytoplasmic male sterility research[J].Chinese Bulletin of Botany,1995,15(4):33.
[4]鲁成.小麦细胞质雄性不育的研究进展[J].陕西农业科学,2009,55(3):69.LU C.Research progress of cytoplasmic male sterility in wheat[J].Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2009,55(3):69.
[5]温辉芹,马惠英,裴自友,等.F型小麦不育系育性与杂种优势研究[J].山西农业科学,2017,45(8):1222.WEN H Q,MA H Y,PEI Z Y,et al.Study on fertility and heterosis of F type wheat male sterile lines[J].Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences,2017,45(8):1222.
[6]张思妮,马小飞,张红霞,等.F型小麦雄性不育系花粉败育和恢保关系研究[J].西北植物学报,2016,36(4):671.ZHANG S N,MA X F,ZHANG H X,et al.Pollen abortion of F-type male sterile line and its restorer and maintainer lines[J].Acta Botany Boreal-Occident Sinca,2016,36(4):671.
[7]张自刚.F型小麦雄性不育系恢保源筛选及遗传背景分析[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2016:28.ZHANG Z G.F-type wheat male sterile line restorer line screening and its genetic background analysis[D].Yangling:Northwest A&F University,2016:28.
[8]卢良峰.小麦K型(Ae.kotschi)雄性不育性育性恢复的遗传分析[J].中国农学通报,2008(9):70.LU L F.Genetic analysis of fertility restoration of male sterility in wheat K-type(Ae.kotschi)[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2008(9):70.
[9]刘保申,孙兰珍,高庆荣,等.K型小麦细胞质雄性不育系育性恢复性的遗传研究[J].山东农业大学学报(自然科学版),2000(1):13.LIU B S,SUN L Z,GAO Q R,et al.Genetic analysis of malesterility restoration in wheat with Ae.kotschyi cytoplasm[J].Journal of Shandong A gricultural U niversity(Natural Science),2000(1):13.
[10]范春燕.YS型小麦温敏雄性不育系和K型小麦不育系配合力分析及遗传研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2008:30.FAN C Y,Research on combining ability and genetics of YS-type thermos-sensitive male-sterile wheat line and K-type male-sterile wheat[D].Yangling:Northwest A&F University,2008:30.
[11]董普辉,朱先玉,程亚丹,等.小麦T型细胞质雄性不育系T9023A的选育及育性恢复研究[J].河南农业科学,2017,46(3):27.DONG P H,ZHU X Y,CHENG Y D,et al.Study on breeding of T-type wheat CMS line T9023Aand its fertility restoration[J].Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences,2017,46(3):27.
[12]张立平,赵昌平,单福华,等.小麦光温敏雄性不育系BS210育性的主基因+多基因混合遗传分析[J].作物学报.2007(9):1554.ZHANG L P,ZHAO C P,SHAN F H,et al.The mixed genetic analysis of photoperiod-temperature sensitive male sterility of BS210in wheat[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2007(9):1554.
[13]刘小芳,田笑明,韩新年,等.AL型小麦育性恢复主基因+多基因混合遗传分析[J].新疆农业科学,2010,47(7):1334.LIU X F,TIAN X M,HAN X N,et al.Genetic analysis on mixed model of major gene plus polygenes inheritance for fertility restoring gene of AL-type hybrid wheats[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,2010,47(7):1334.
[14]盖钧镒.植物数量性状遗传体系的分离分析方法研究[J].遗传,2005(1):131.GAI Y Y.Segregation analyses of genetic system of quantitative traits in plants[J].Hereditas,2005,27(1):131.
[15]盖钧镒,王建康.利用回交世代或F2:3家系世代鉴定数量性状主基因一多基因混合遗传模型[J].作物学报,1998,24(4):402.GAI Y Y,WANG J K.Identification of quantitative traits major gene-polygene hybrid genetic model using backcross or F2:3pedigree generation[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,1998,24(4):402.
[16]章元明,盖钧镒,张孟臣.利用P1、F1、P2和F2或F2:3世代联合的数量性状分离分析[J].西南农业大学学报,2000,22(1):6.ZHANG Y M,GAI Y Y,ZHANG M C.Jointly segregating analysis of P1,P2,F1and F2or F2∶3families[J].Journal of Southwest Agricultural University,2000,22(1):6.
[17]侯北伟,窦秉德,章元明,等.小麦雌性育性的主基因+多基因混合遗传分析[J].遗传,2006,28(12):1567.HOU B W,DOU B D,ZHANG Y M,et al.The mixed major gene plus polygenes inheritance for female fertility in wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)[J].Hereditas,2006,28(12):1567.
[18]盖钧镒,章元明,王建康.植物数量性状遗传体系[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.GAI Y Y,ZHANG Y M,WANG J K.Genetic system of quantitative traits in plants[M].Beijing:Science press,2003.
[19]盖钧镒,管荣展,王建康.植物数量性状QTL体系检测的遗传试验方法[J].世界科技研究与发展,1999,21(1):34.GAI Y Y,GUAN R Z,WANG J K.Genetic testing method for QTL system testing of quantitative characters of plants[J].World Sci-Tech R&D,1999,21(1):34.
[20]王建康,盖钧镒.利用杂种F2世代鉴定数量性状主基因-多基因混合遗传模型并估计其遗传效应[J].遗传学报,1997,24(5):432.WANG J K,GAI Y Y.Identification of major gene and polygene mixed inheritance model and estimation of genetic parameters of a quantitative trait from F2 progeny[J].Acta Genet Sin,1997,24(5):432.
[21]齐智,石晓艺,蒙立颖,等.K型雄性不育小麦育性恢复基因的遗传特点及育性稳定性研究[J].中国农业大学学报,2015,20(4):15.QI Z,SHI X Y,MENG L Y,et al.Genetic characteristics and stability of fertility restoration genes of K-cytoplasmic male sterile wheat[J].Journal of China Agricultural University,2015,20(4):15.
[22]钱焕焕,张玲丽,杜万里,等.K型温敏雄性不育小麦的遗传模式分析[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然版),2013,41(9):51.QIAN H H,ZHANG L L,DU W L,et al.Genetic analysis on thermo-sensitive cytoplasmic male sterile wheat lines with Aegilops kotschyi[J].Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition),2013,41(9):51.
[23]徐达文,张立平,赵昌平,等.小麦光温敏雄性不育系BS366育性的遗传分析[J].华中农业大学学报,2009,28(6):656.XU D W,ZHANG L P,ZHAO C P,et al.Genetic analysis of fertility of photoinduced thermo-sensitive male sterile line BS366in wheat[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2009,28(6):656.