育苗盘规格对烤烟井窖式移栽烟株生长发育及产质量的影响
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摘要
为筛选出适合宜宾烟区井窖式小苗移栽的育苗盘规格,采用湿润育苗的方式,开展了72,128,200,288孔育苗盘对烟株生长发育及产质量的影响试验。结果表明,育苗盘孔数越少,生育期越短,72孔育苗盘烟苗生育期比288孔缩短了7 d;烟苗茎围、叶片长度和宽度以及根系形态特征随着育苗盘孔数的减少呈增大的趋势,而株高和叶片数表现为降低的趋势;128孔和200孔育苗盘处理的烟株成熟期农艺性状及经济性状整体上优于72孔和288孔,但72孔和128孔2种育苗盘育苗成本相对较高,而200孔和288孔较低。其中,200孔育苗盘育苗成本相对较低、经济效益好,具有减工降本的优势,能满足宜宾烟区烤烟生产实际,在烟区具有广阔的推广应用前景。
To determine the suitable seedling-raising plate specification in Yibin tobacco producing area for the tobacco transplanting in wel1 cellar by moist tray seedling, the effects of 72, 128, 200, 288 hole plates on growth, yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco were investigated. The results indicated that the hole of seedling-raising plates was lesser and the growth period of tobacco seedlings was shorter. The seedling growth period of 72 hole was 7 days shorter than those of 288 hole. The stem diameter,length and width of leaves, and root morphologic characteristics of tobacco seedlings were increased with the decrease of seedling-raising plate holes,while the plant height and number of leaves were decreased. The agronomic and economical characters of 128, 200 hole treatments at mature stage were higher than those of 72, 288 hole, but 72, 128 hole seedling-raising plate had relatively high germinating costs,while those of 200 and 288 hole was lower. The 200 hole seedling-raising plate had relatively low germinating cost, high economic benefit, advantage of less labor employment and reduced production cost, and in line with the situation of flue-cured tobacco production in Yibin. It has broad prospect of popularizing and applying in tobacco production area.
To determine the suitable seedling-raising plate specification in Yibin tobacco producing area for the tobacco transplanting in wel1 cellar by moist tray seedling, the effects of 72, 128, 200, 288 hole plates on growth, yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco were investigated. The results indicated that the hole of seedling-raising plates was lesser and the growth period of tobacco seedlings was shorter. The seedling growth period of 72 hole was 7 days shorter than those of 288 hole. The stem diameter,length and width of leaves, and root morphologic characteristics of tobacco seedlings were increased with the decrease of seedling-raising plate holes,while the plant height and number of leaves were decreased. The agronomic and economical characters of 128, 200 hole treatments at mature stage were higher than those of 72, 288 hole, but 72, 128 hole seedling-raising plate had relatively high germinating costs,while those of 200 and 288 hole was lower. The 200 hole seedling-raising plate had relatively low germinating cost, high economic benefit, advantage of less labor employment and reduced production cost, and in line with the situation of flue-cured tobacco production in Yibin. It has broad prospect of popularizing and applying in tobacco production area.
引文
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[17]黄婷,张莹,吴承祯,等.育苗密度对千年桐幼苗叶片叶绿素荧光特性和高径比的影响[J].福建林学院学报,2013,33(4):310-315.
[18]腊贵晓,肖建国,谢德平,等.烤烟育苗三种方式的育苗成本解析[J].中国烟草学报,2011,17(4):74-77.
[19]白岩,刘好宝,史万华,等.论烟草集约化轻简育苗及其发展方向[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(1):138-141.
[2]丁明石.安康烤烟湿润育苗技术研究与推广[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2012:3-8.
[3]刘添毅,黄一兰,赖禄祥,等.烤烟湿润育苗技术研究[J].中国烟草科学,2008(5):22-26.
[4]陈芝华,夏朝水,吴震.非洲菊试管苗湿润育苗技术研究[J].云南农业大学学报,2014,29(2):223-228.
[5]薛美琼.西兰花漂浮育苗与湿润育苗对比研究[J].北方园艺,2014(16):34-36.
[6]曾文龙,姜林灿,赖碧添,等.环保型(无泥炭型)烤烟湿润育苗基质的研究:Ⅱ.基质配方烟苗若干生理代谢状况[J].中国烟草科学,2010,31(6):28-30.
[7]李茜,贾春雷,胡晨浩,等.井窖式小苗移栽方式对重庆地区烤烟生长和产质量的影响[J].南方农业学报,2015,46(6):991-995.
[8]艾永峰,罗会斌,龙鹏臻,等.烟苗剪叶次数对井窖式移栽烟株生长发育的影响[J].烟草科技,2014(9):80-83.
[9]冯强,耿伟,张小港,等.旬阳县井窖式烤烟移栽技术的研究[J].湖南农业科学,2014(12):28-31.
[10]张炜,屠乃美,王可,等.烤烟井窖式小苗移栽技术研究进展[J].作物研究,2014(1):107-111.
[11]杨剑.烤烟井窖式小苗移栽配套技术研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2013:2-5.
[12]罗会斌,龙鹏臻,马键,等.烤烟井窖式小苗移栽技术研究与应用[J].贵州农业科学,2012,40(8):101-107.
[13]郑登峰,许灵杰,赵二卫,等.不同规格育苗盘对贵州喀斯特地区云烟97生长发育及光合特性的影响[J].南方农业学报,2015,46(1):26-30.
[14]向必坤,施河丽,黄廷勇,等.育苗盘密度对烟苗生长发育及烟叶产质量的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2015,36(3):29-34.
[15]徐兴阳,朱明,欧阳进,等.不同规格育苗盘对烤烟小苗素质的影响研究[J].昆明学院学报,2014,36(3):21-23.
[16]张继,潘和平,杨天沛,等.烤烟膜下小苗移栽育苗方式初探[J].广东农业科学,2013,40(1):24-26.
[17]黄婷,张莹,吴承祯,等.育苗密度对千年桐幼苗叶片叶绿素荧光特性和高径比的影响[J].福建林学院学报,2013,33(4):310-315.
[18]腊贵晓,肖建国,谢德平,等.烤烟育苗三种方式的育苗成本解析[J].中国烟草学报,2011,17(4):74-77.
[19]白岩,刘好宝,史万华,等.论烟草集约化轻简育苗及其发展方向[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(1):138-141.