烟草漂浮育苗不同规格苗盘的育苗效果比较
|
摘要
为了减少漂浮育苗基质的草炭用量,保护生态环境,降低育苗成本,提高烟苗素质,设计了新型160穴育苗盘和209穴育苗盘,开展了新型育苗盘与常规育苗盘的比较试验。结果表明,较常规160穴盘,新型160穴育苗盘和209穴育苗盘培育单株烟苗草炭基质用量分别减少54.98%、66.04%,新型209穴育苗盘单位面积育苗数量增加30.63%。新型160穴和209穴育苗盘种子萌芽出苗正常,烟苗长势较强,生长发育较快,烟苗生长势强,生物量较大,根系活力均明显强于对照,烟苗移栽后烟株长势强,烤后原烟色深黄,光泽鲜亮,油分多,叶片油润柔软。总体评价,新型160穴和209穴育苗盘具有明显的优势,可以替代现有常规育苗盘,且新型209穴育苗盘可增加单位面积育苗数量,建议将新型209穴育苗盘作为主要育苗盘进行推广。
In order to reduce the peat amount in floating seedling,protect ecological environment,reduce seedling cost and improve tobacco seedling quality,new 160 hole and 209 hole seedling trays were designed,and an experiment was done to compare the effect of new and conventional seedling trays to tobacco seedling quality. The results showed that: The peat substrate used in the cultivation of new 160 and 209 hole seedlings was reduced by 54. 98% and 66. 04% respectively,and the number of seedlings raised per unit area of the new type 209 holes was increased by 30. 63% compared with the conventional 160 holes. The seeds sprout normal in new 160 and 209 holes,and the seedling growth were stronger and faster,the seedling biomass was larger,and the seedling root activity was obviously stronger than those of the seedlings in conventional 160 hole trays. For the seedlings from new seedling trays,the tobacco plants of after transplanting grew stronger,the original tobacco color was dark yellow,the luster was bright,the oil content was more,and the leaves were moist and soft after baking. It is suggested that the new type 209 hole seedling tray could be popularized as the main seedling tray,because it showed obvious advantages and could replace the conventional seedling tray.
In order to reduce the peat amount in floating seedling,protect ecological environment,reduce seedling cost and improve tobacco seedling quality,new 160 hole and 209 hole seedling trays were designed,and an experiment was done to compare the effect of new and conventional seedling trays to tobacco seedling quality. The results showed that: The peat substrate used in the cultivation of new 160 and 209 hole seedlings was reduced by 54. 98% and 66. 04% respectively,and the number of seedlings raised per unit area of the new type 209 holes was increased by 30. 63% compared with the conventional 160 holes. The seeds sprout normal in new 160 and 209 holes,and the seedling growth were stronger and faster,the seedling biomass was larger,and the seedling root activity was obviously stronger than those of the seedlings in conventional 160 hole trays. For the seedlings from new seedling trays,the tobacco plants of after transplanting grew stronger,the original tobacco color was dark yellow,the luster was bright,the oil content was more,and the leaves were moist and soft after baking. It is suggested that the new type 209 hole seedling tray could be popularized as the main seedling tray,because it showed obvious advantages and could replace the conventional seedling tray.
引文
[1]刘国顺.烟草栽培学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003.32-38.
[2]任亚,刘峰,林宁,等.黄砂、石粉替代漂浮育苗基质对烟苗生长发育的影响[J].烟草科技,2017(6):23-28.
[3]任兰天,刘庆,梅艳艳,等.小麦秸秆漂浮育苗基质对烟苗生长的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2017(6):14-19.
[4]罗陈,陈代荣,黄峰,等.不同漂浮育苗基质配比对烤烟烟苗生长的影响[J].湖南农业科学,2015(11):23-27.
[5]刘国顺,杨兴有,位辉琴,等.光照强度对烤烟漂浮育苗成苗素质的影响[J].烟草科技,2006(8):51-54.
[6]朱金峰,刘芳,刘世亮,等.营养液p H值对烟草苗期矿质营养吸收与积累的影响[J].华北农学报,2012(8):56-60.
[7]董宝珠,李宏光,杨红武,等.不同氮素形态及配比营养液对烟苗生长及生理特性的影响[J].作物研究,2015,29(1):23-27.
[8]习向银,陈益银,刘国顺,等.磷对烤烟漂浮育苗生长和生理特性的影响[J].河南农业科学,2008(1):16-19.
[9]刘国顺,习向银,时向东,等.钾水平对烤烟漂浮育苗烟苗生长发育的影响[J].河南农业科学,2003(1):23-28.
[10]许树德,张赶发.烤烟漂浮育苗不同池水深度对育苗的影响[J].云南农业科技,2009(11):12-14.
[11]靳冬梅,杨兴有,秦艳青,等.剪叶程度对烟草漂浮育苗生长生理指标的影响[J].西南农业学报,2012,25(6):2037-2040.
[12]王定斌,潘和平,龙立汪,等.晾盘对烤烟漂浮育苗的影响[J].甘肃农业科技,2013(7):11-15.
[13]杨继周,赵文军,杨占伟,等.不同炼苗时间对烤烟生长发育和产质量的影响[J].湖南农业科学,2012(19):5-9.
[14]汪清泽,杨兴有,靳冬梅.烟草漂浮育苗不同光环境下炼苗效果比较[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(16):8858-8859,8862.
[15]雷天义,刘建丰.立体漂浮育苗对烟苗素质及育苗成本的影响[J].作物研究,2017,31(1):13-17.
[16]刘文通.烤烟浅水湿润育苗技术与漂浮育苗技术对比研究[J].作物研究,2015,29(1):13-17.
[17]江厚龙,李钠钾,单沛祥,等.烟草封闭式育苗技术的研究与应用[J].烟草科技,2013(6):23-27.
[18]郭仕平,曾淑华,成本喜,等.烤烟少基质漂浮育苗研究[J].中国烟草学报,2009(10):16-20.
[19]张佳华.新型烟草漂浮塑料育苗池的研发及效益分析[J].福建农业科技,2016(12):6-10.
[20]周永,何召梅,邱询学,等.新型烤烟漂浮育苗池的研制[J].农业开发与装备,2016(9):13-17.
[21]白岩,刘好宝,史万华,等.苗盘高度和育苗密度对烟苗生长发育的影响[J].核农学报,2012(10):15-19.
[22]喻路,刘剑金,王娜,等.不同规格育苗盘对膜下小苗烟苗素质及烟叶产量产值的影响[J].中国烟草学报,2017(1):36-39.
[23]向必坤,施河丽,黄廷勇,等.育苗盘密度对烟苗生长发育及烟叶产质量的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2015(6):23-27.
[24]赵世杰,刘华山,董新纯.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,1998.
[2]任亚,刘峰,林宁,等.黄砂、石粉替代漂浮育苗基质对烟苗生长发育的影响[J].烟草科技,2017(6):23-28.
[3]任兰天,刘庆,梅艳艳,等.小麦秸秆漂浮育苗基质对烟苗生长的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2017(6):14-19.
[4]罗陈,陈代荣,黄峰,等.不同漂浮育苗基质配比对烤烟烟苗生长的影响[J].湖南农业科学,2015(11):23-27.
[5]刘国顺,杨兴有,位辉琴,等.光照强度对烤烟漂浮育苗成苗素质的影响[J].烟草科技,2006(8):51-54.
[6]朱金峰,刘芳,刘世亮,等.营养液p H值对烟草苗期矿质营养吸收与积累的影响[J].华北农学报,2012(8):56-60.
[7]董宝珠,李宏光,杨红武,等.不同氮素形态及配比营养液对烟苗生长及生理特性的影响[J].作物研究,2015,29(1):23-27.
[8]习向银,陈益银,刘国顺,等.磷对烤烟漂浮育苗生长和生理特性的影响[J].河南农业科学,2008(1):16-19.
[9]刘国顺,习向银,时向东,等.钾水平对烤烟漂浮育苗烟苗生长发育的影响[J].河南农业科学,2003(1):23-28.
[10]许树德,张赶发.烤烟漂浮育苗不同池水深度对育苗的影响[J].云南农业科技,2009(11):12-14.
[11]靳冬梅,杨兴有,秦艳青,等.剪叶程度对烟草漂浮育苗生长生理指标的影响[J].西南农业学报,2012,25(6):2037-2040.
[12]王定斌,潘和平,龙立汪,等.晾盘对烤烟漂浮育苗的影响[J].甘肃农业科技,2013(7):11-15.
[13]杨继周,赵文军,杨占伟,等.不同炼苗时间对烤烟生长发育和产质量的影响[J].湖南农业科学,2012(19):5-9.
[14]汪清泽,杨兴有,靳冬梅.烟草漂浮育苗不同光环境下炼苗效果比较[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(16):8858-8859,8862.
[15]雷天义,刘建丰.立体漂浮育苗对烟苗素质及育苗成本的影响[J].作物研究,2017,31(1):13-17.
[16]刘文通.烤烟浅水湿润育苗技术与漂浮育苗技术对比研究[J].作物研究,2015,29(1):13-17.
[17]江厚龙,李钠钾,单沛祥,等.烟草封闭式育苗技术的研究与应用[J].烟草科技,2013(6):23-27.
[18]郭仕平,曾淑华,成本喜,等.烤烟少基质漂浮育苗研究[J].中国烟草学报,2009(10):16-20.
[19]张佳华.新型烟草漂浮塑料育苗池的研发及效益分析[J].福建农业科技,2016(12):6-10.
[20]周永,何召梅,邱询学,等.新型烤烟漂浮育苗池的研制[J].农业开发与装备,2016(9):13-17.
[21]白岩,刘好宝,史万华,等.苗盘高度和育苗密度对烟苗生长发育的影响[J].核农学报,2012(10):15-19.
[22]喻路,刘剑金,王娜,等.不同规格育苗盘对膜下小苗烟苗素质及烟叶产量产值的影响[J].中国烟草学报,2017(1):36-39.
[23]向必坤,施河丽,黄廷勇,等.育苗盘密度对烟苗生长发育及烟叶产质量的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2015(6):23-27.
[24]赵世杰,刘华山,董新纯.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,1998.