摘要
<正>肾脏恶性肿瘤约占成人恶性肿瘤的2%~3%,在泌尿系统肿瘤中发病率仅次于膀胱肿瘤,以肾细胞癌最为常见[1]。起源于肾脏实质泌尿小管上皮的恶性肿瘤占肾脏原发恶性肿瘤的85%,男女比例约3.5∶1.0,常于40岁以后发生,偶见30岁以下患者[2]。肾癌典型临床表现为无痛性血尿、腰痛和腹部肿块症状,多见于晚期患者;其中以血尿最为常见,分为肉眼血尿和/或镜下血尿。肿瘤生长引起肾包膜张力增高或周
引文
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