外来入侵植物肿柄菊在云南的分布特征及其影响因素
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摘要
公路网是外来入侵植物肿柄菊(Tithonia diversifolia)进行远距离传播的主要途径,近些年肿柄菊在云南表现出迅速的扩散态势和较强的入侵能力。为探讨肿柄菊沿公路进行扩散过程中各种环境因素对群落建立的影响,本研究通过大范围沿公路实地调查,分析肿柄菊的扩散和分布特征及其影响因素。结果表明:肿柄菊分布于云南省北热带、南亚热带、中亚热带和北亚热带等多种气候类型区,分布区覆盖云南省71个县(区),与10多年前相比肿柄菊有明显的向北和向高海拔扩散趋势。肿柄菊向更高纬度和海拔扩散过程中,气候因素对群落分布有一定影响;在较低纬度和海拔区域肿柄菊的分布主要受人为干扰的影响。不同路缘生境类型影响肿柄菊沿公路扩散范围,植被郁闭度较低的草地、经济林地、农田等生境有利于群落的建立;而植被郁闭度较高原始林地和次生林地不利于群落建立。公路在肿柄菊的远距离扩散过程中起着重要作用,车流量大、车速高的高等级公路更有利于肿柄菊扩散,云南密集的高速公路网促进了肿柄菊沿公路扩散效率,加速了肿柄菊侵占新领地的过程。随着公路交通的快速发展,肿柄菊的扩散速度也明显加快,今后应对其种群发展趋势进行跟踪监测,以期为肿柄菊入侵预警提供基础信息。
Tithonia diversifolia,an alien invasive plant species,has quickly spread along roads in Yunnan Province,China. To better understand the distribution of T. diversifolia,we investigated its community distribution along roads and analyzed the influencing factors. T. diversifolia has invaded the tropical,and southern,central and northern subtropical regions of Yunnan,which covered 71 counties. In contrast to its distribution 10 years ago,T. diversifolia definitely extended northward and to higher altitude. At higher latitude and altitude region,the distribution of T.diversifolia was related to climatic factors. At lower latitude and altitude region,the distribution was mainly influenced by human disturbance. The habitat types along roads substantially influenced the establishment of T. diversifolia. Grassland,economic forest,and cropland habitats with low canopy cover facilitate its invasion,whereas natural and secondary forest habitats with high canopy cover could resist its invasion. Roads obviously promoted the dispersal of T. diversifolia.Higher-grade roads with heavy traffic were in favor of the dispersal of T. diversifolia than lowergrade roads. The dense network of highways advanced its invasive process. With the rapid development of highways,the invasion of T. diversifolia speeded up in Yunnan. Population dynamics should be monitored for warning the invasion of T. diversifolia.
Tithonia diversifolia,an alien invasive plant species,has quickly spread along roads in Yunnan Province,China. To better understand the distribution of T. diversifolia,we investigated its community distribution along roads and analyzed the influencing factors. T. diversifolia has invaded the tropical,and southern,central and northern subtropical regions of Yunnan,which covered 71 counties. In contrast to its distribution 10 years ago,T. diversifolia definitely extended northward and to higher altitude. At higher latitude and altitude region,the distribution of T.diversifolia was related to climatic factors. At lower latitude and altitude region,the distribution was mainly influenced by human disturbance. The habitat types along roads substantially influenced the establishment of T. diversifolia. Grassland,economic forest,and cropland habitats with low canopy cover facilitate its invasion,whereas natural and secondary forest habitats with high canopy cover could resist its invasion. Roads obviously promoted the dispersal of T. diversifolia.Higher-grade roads with heavy traffic were in favor of the dispersal of T. diversifolia than lowergrade roads. The dense network of highways advanced its invasive process. With the rapid development of highways,the invasion of T. diversifolia speeded up in Yunnan. Population dynamics should be monitored for warning the invasion of T. diversifolia.
引文
陈国奇,强胜.2011.人类活动是导致生物均质化的主要因素.生态学报,31(14):4107-4116.
程建刚,王学锋,范立张,等.2009.近50年来云南气候带的变化特征.地理科学进展,28(1):18-24.
刘建,李钧敏,余华,等.2010.植物功能性状与外来植物入侵.生物多样性,18(6):569-576.
鲁萍,赵娜,李景欣,等.2012.黑龙江省外来入侵植物分布格局及其影响因素.植物分类与资源学报,34(4):367-375.
强胜,陈国奇,李保平,等.2010.中国农业生态系统外来种入侵及其管理现状.生物多样性,18(6):647-659.
王瑞平,李宗顺,杨洪泉.2005.云南省地图.北京:中国地图出版社.
王四海,孙卫邦,成晓,等.2008.外来植物肿柄菊(Tithonia diversifolia)的繁殖特性及地理扩散.生态学报,28(3):1307-1313.
王四海,孙卫邦,成晓.2004.逃逸外来植物肿柄菊在云南的生长繁殖特性、地理分布现状及群落特征.生态学报,24(3):444-449.
吴晓雯,罗晶,陈家宽,等.2006.中国外来入侵植物的分布格局及其与环境因子和人类活动的关系.植物生态学报,30(4):576-584.
徐成东,陆树刚.2006.云南的外来入侵植物.广西植物,26(3):227-234.
闫小玲,刘全儒,寿海洋,等.2014.中国外来入侵植物的等级划分与地理分布格局分析.生物多样性,22(5):667-676.
Alpert P,Bone E,Holzapfel C.2000.Invasiveness,invasibility and the role of environmental stress in the spread of nonnative plants.Perspectives in Plant Ecology,Evolution and Systematics,3:52-66.
Amor RL,Stevens PL.2010.Spread of weeds from a roadside into sclerophyll forests at Dartmouth,Australia.Weed Research,16:111-118.
Arevalo JR,Delgado JD,Otto R,et al.2005.Distribution of alien vs.native plant species in roadside communities along an altitudinal gradient in Tenerife and Gran Canaria(Canary Islands).Perspectives in Plant Ecology,Evolution and Systematics,7:185-202.
Averill KM,Di Tommaso A,Mohler CL,et al.2010.Establishment of the invasive perennial Vincetoxicum rossicum across a disturbance gradient in New York State,USA.Plant Ecology,211:65-77.
Baret S,Maurice S,Bourgeois TL,et al.2004.Altitudinal variation in fertility and vegetative growth in the invasive plant Rubus alceifolius Poiret(Rosaceae),on Réunion island.Plant Ecology,172:265-273.
Basnou C,Iguzquiza J,Pino J.2015.Examining the role of landscape structure and dynamics in alien plant invasion from urban Mediterranean coastal habitats.Landscape and Urban Planning,136:156-164.
Becker T,Dietz H,Bileter R,et al.2005.Altitudinal distribution of alien plant species in the Swiss Alps.Perspectives in Plant Ecology,Evolution and Systematics,7:173-183.
Bellard C,Thuiller W,Leroy B,et al.2013.Will climate change promote future invasions.Global Change Biology,19:3740-3748.
Callaway RM,Aschehoug ET.2000.Invasive plants versus their new and old neighbors:A mechanism for exotic invasion.Science,290:521-523.
Catford JA,Daehler CC,Murphy HT,et al.2012.The intermediate disturbance hypothesis and plant invasion:Implications for species richness and management.Perspectives in Plant Ecology,Evolution and systematics,14:231-241.
Davies KW,Sheley RL.2007.A conceptual framework for preventing the spatial dispersal of invasive plants.Weed Science,55:178-184.
Huang QQ,Wang GX,Hou YP,et al.2011.Distribution of invasive plants in China in relation to geographical origin and life cycle.Weed Research,51:534-542.
Lonsdale WM,Lane AM.1994.Tourist vehicles as vectors of weed seeds in Kakadu National Park,Northern Australia.Biological Conservation,69:277-283.
Mac Dougall AS,Mc Cann KS,Gellner G,et al.2013.Diversity loss with persistent human disturbance increases vulnerability to ecosystem collapse.Nature,494:86-89.
Milbau A,Shevsova A,Osler N,et al.2013.Plant community type and small-scale disturbances,but not altitude,influence the invisibility in subarctic ecosystems.New Phytologist,197:1002-1011.
Montserrat V,Ibanez I.2011.Plant invasion in the landscape.Landscape Ecology,26:461-472.
Muoghalu JI,Chuba DK.2005.Seed germination and reproductive strategies of Tithonia diversifolia(Hemsl.)Gray and Tithonia rotundifolia(P.M.)Blake.Applied Ecology and Environmental Research,3:39-46.
Pauchard A,Kueffer C,Dietz H,et al.2009.Ain’t no mountain high enough:Plant invasions reaching new elevations.Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment,7:479-486.
Petitpierre B,Kueffer C,Broennimann O,et al.2012.Climatic niche shifts are rare among terrestrial plant invaders.Science,335:1344-1347.
Ross LC,Lambdon PW,Hulme P.2008.Disentangling the roles of climate,propagule pressure and land use on the current and potential elevational distribution of the invasive weed Oxalis pes-caprae L.on Crete.Perspectives in Plant Ecology,Evolution and Systematics,10:251-258.
Roux PC,Ramaswiela T,Kalwij JM,et al.2013.Human activities,propagule pressure and alien plants in the sub-Antarctic:Tests of generalities and evidence in support of management.Biological Conservation,161:18-27.
Spear D,Foxcroft LC,Bezuidenhout H,et al.2013.Human population density explains alien species richness in protected areas.Biological Conservation,159:137-147.
Tecco PA,Gurvich DE,Diaz S,et al.2006.Positive interaction between invasive plants:The influence of Pyracantha angustifolia on the recruitment of native and exotic woody species.Austral Ecology,31:293-300.
Vil1 M,Ib1ez I.2001.Plant invasions in the landscape.Landscape Ecology,26:461-472.
Wang SH,Wang J,Li M,et al.2013.Six decades of changes in vascular hydrophyte and fish species in three plateau lakes in Yunnan,China.Biodiversity&Conservation,22:3197-3221.
Weber E,Sun SG,Bo L.2008.Invasive alien plants in China:Diversity and ecological insights.Biological Invasions,10:1411-1429.
Wu SH,Sun HT,Teng YC,et al.2010.Patterns of plant invasions in China:Taxonomic,biogeo-graphic,climatic Approaches and anthropogenic effects.Biological Invasions,12:2179-2206.
Yang J,Tang L,Guan YL,et al.2012.Genetic diversity of an alien invasive plant Mexican sunflower(Tithonia diversifolia)in China.Weed Science,60:552-557.
程建刚,王学锋,范立张,等.2009.近50年来云南气候带的变化特征.地理科学进展,28(1):18-24.
刘建,李钧敏,余华,等.2010.植物功能性状与外来植物入侵.生物多样性,18(6):569-576.
鲁萍,赵娜,李景欣,等.2012.黑龙江省外来入侵植物分布格局及其影响因素.植物分类与资源学报,34(4):367-375.
强胜,陈国奇,李保平,等.2010.中国农业生态系统外来种入侵及其管理现状.生物多样性,18(6):647-659.
王瑞平,李宗顺,杨洪泉.2005.云南省地图.北京:中国地图出版社.
王四海,孙卫邦,成晓,等.2008.外来植物肿柄菊(Tithonia diversifolia)的繁殖特性及地理扩散.生态学报,28(3):1307-1313.
王四海,孙卫邦,成晓.2004.逃逸外来植物肿柄菊在云南的生长繁殖特性、地理分布现状及群落特征.生态学报,24(3):444-449.
吴晓雯,罗晶,陈家宽,等.2006.中国外来入侵植物的分布格局及其与环境因子和人类活动的关系.植物生态学报,30(4):576-584.
徐成东,陆树刚.2006.云南的外来入侵植物.广西植物,26(3):227-234.
闫小玲,刘全儒,寿海洋,等.2014.中国外来入侵植物的等级划分与地理分布格局分析.生物多样性,22(5):667-676.
Alpert P,Bone E,Holzapfel C.2000.Invasiveness,invasibility and the role of environmental stress in the spread of nonnative plants.Perspectives in Plant Ecology,Evolution and Systematics,3:52-66.
Amor RL,Stevens PL.2010.Spread of weeds from a roadside into sclerophyll forests at Dartmouth,Australia.Weed Research,16:111-118.
Arevalo JR,Delgado JD,Otto R,et al.2005.Distribution of alien vs.native plant species in roadside communities along an altitudinal gradient in Tenerife and Gran Canaria(Canary Islands).Perspectives in Plant Ecology,Evolution and Systematics,7:185-202.
Averill KM,Di Tommaso A,Mohler CL,et al.2010.Establishment of the invasive perennial Vincetoxicum rossicum across a disturbance gradient in New York State,USA.Plant Ecology,211:65-77.
Baret S,Maurice S,Bourgeois TL,et al.2004.Altitudinal variation in fertility and vegetative growth in the invasive plant Rubus alceifolius Poiret(Rosaceae),on Réunion island.Plant Ecology,172:265-273.
Basnou C,Iguzquiza J,Pino J.2015.Examining the role of landscape structure and dynamics in alien plant invasion from urban Mediterranean coastal habitats.Landscape and Urban Planning,136:156-164.
Becker T,Dietz H,Bileter R,et al.2005.Altitudinal distribution of alien plant species in the Swiss Alps.Perspectives in Plant Ecology,Evolution and Systematics,7:173-183.
Bellard C,Thuiller W,Leroy B,et al.2013.Will climate change promote future invasions.Global Change Biology,19:3740-3748.
Callaway RM,Aschehoug ET.2000.Invasive plants versus their new and old neighbors:A mechanism for exotic invasion.Science,290:521-523.
Catford JA,Daehler CC,Murphy HT,et al.2012.The intermediate disturbance hypothesis and plant invasion:Implications for species richness and management.Perspectives in Plant Ecology,Evolution and systematics,14:231-241.
Davies KW,Sheley RL.2007.A conceptual framework for preventing the spatial dispersal of invasive plants.Weed Science,55:178-184.
Huang QQ,Wang GX,Hou YP,et al.2011.Distribution of invasive plants in China in relation to geographical origin and life cycle.Weed Research,51:534-542.
Lonsdale WM,Lane AM.1994.Tourist vehicles as vectors of weed seeds in Kakadu National Park,Northern Australia.Biological Conservation,69:277-283.
Mac Dougall AS,Mc Cann KS,Gellner G,et al.2013.Diversity loss with persistent human disturbance increases vulnerability to ecosystem collapse.Nature,494:86-89.
Milbau A,Shevsova A,Osler N,et al.2013.Plant community type and small-scale disturbances,but not altitude,influence the invisibility in subarctic ecosystems.New Phytologist,197:1002-1011.
Montserrat V,Ibanez I.2011.Plant invasion in the landscape.Landscape Ecology,26:461-472.
Muoghalu JI,Chuba DK.2005.Seed germination and reproductive strategies of Tithonia diversifolia(Hemsl.)Gray and Tithonia rotundifolia(P.M.)Blake.Applied Ecology and Environmental Research,3:39-46.
Pauchard A,Kueffer C,Dietz H,et al.2009.Ain’t no mountain high enough:Plant invasions reaching new elevations.Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment,7:479-486.
Petitpierre B,Kueffer C,Broennimann O,et al.2012.Climatic niche shifts are rare among terrestrial plant invaders.Science,335:1344-1347.
Ross LC,Lambdon PW,Hulme P.2008.Disentangling the roles of climate,propagule pressure and land use on the current and potential elevational distribution of the invasive weed Oxalis pes-caprae L.on Crete.Perspectives in Plant Ecology,Evolution and Systematics,10:251-258.
Roux PC,Ramaswiela T,Kalwij JM,et al.2013.Human activities,propagule pressure and alien plants in the sub-Antarctic:Tests of generalities and evidence in support of management.Biological Conservation,161:18-27.
Spear D,Foxcroft LC,Bezuidenhout H,et al.2013.Human population density explains alien species richness in protected areas.Biological Conservation,159:137-147.
Tecco PA,Gurvich DE,Diaz S,et al.2006.Positive interaction between invasive plants:The influence of Pyracantha angustifolia on the recruitment of native and exotic woody species.Austral Ecology,31:293-300.
Vil1 M,Ib1ez I.2001.Plant invasions in the landscape.Landscape Ecology,26:461-472.
Wang SH,Wang J,Li M,et al.2013.Six decades of changes in vascular hydrophyte and fish species in three plateau lakes in Yunnan,China.Biodiversity&Conservation,22:3197-3221.
Weber E,Sun SG,Bo L.2008.Invasive alien plants in China:Diversity and ecological insights.Biological Invasions,10:1411-1429.
Wu SH,Sun HT,Teng YC,et al.2010.Patterns of plant invasions in China:Taxonomic,biogeo-graphic,climatic Approaches and anthropogenic effects.Biological Invasions,12:2179-2206.
Yang J,Tang L,Guan YL,et al.2012.Genetic diversity of an alien invasive plant Mexican sunflower(Tithonia diversifolia)in China.Weed Science,60:552-557.