正五聚蛋白3在风湿性疾病中的作用研究进展
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摘要
正五聚蛋白3(PTX3)是受炎症信号刺激而表达的急性时相蛋白,与风湿性疾病的关系密切。PTX3具有多种生物学功能,参与固有免疫、调节炎症反应、影响促炎因子分泌及血管重塑,在炎性及自身免疫性疾病的发生发展中意义重大。PTX3可反映系统性红斑狼疮、系统性硬化症、类风湿关节炎等风湿性疾病的严重程度和疾病活动度。与同家族的C反应蛋白相比,PTX3能更迅速地反映组织局部炎症及损伤情况,有望成为临床中更敏感的血清生物学标志物。
Pentraxin 3( PTX3) is an acute phase protein induced by inflammatory signal stimulation,which is closely associated with rheumatic diseases. PTX3 has a variety of biological functions,which participates in innate immunity,regulates inflammatory response,affects the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors and vascular remodeling,therefore is of great significance in the development of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. PTX3 can reflect the severity and activity of rheumatic diseases,including systemic lupus erythematosus,systemic sclerosis,rheumatoid arthritis,etc. Compared with the C-reactive protein of the same family,PTX3 can more sensitively respond to inflammation and injury of local tissue,and it is expected to become a more sensitive serum biomarker in clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Pentraxin 3( PTX3) is an acute phase protein induced by inflammatory signal stimulation,which is closely associated with rheumatic diseases. PTX3 has a variety of biological functions,which participates in innate immunity,regulates inflammatory response,affects the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors and vascular remodeling,therefore is of great significance in the development of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. PTX3 can reflect the severity and activity of rheumatic diseases,including systemic lupus erythematosus,systemic sclerosis,rheumatoid arthritis,etc. Compared with the C-reactive protein of the same family,PTX3 can more sensitively respond to inflammation and injury of local tissue,and it is expected to become a more sensitive serum biomarker in clinical diagnosis and treatment.
引文
[1]Bottazzi B,Inforzato A,Messa M,et al. The pentraxins PTX3 and SAP in innate immunity,regulation of inflammation and tissue remodelling[J]. J Hepatol,2016,64(6):1416-1427.
[2]Breviario F,d'Aniello EM,Golay J,et al. Interleukin-1-inducible genes in endothelial cells. Cloning of a new gene related to C-reactive protein and serum amyloid P component[J]. J Biol Chem,1992,267(31):22190-22197.
[3]Lee GW,Lee TH,Vilcek J. TSG-14,a tumor necrosis factor-and IL-1-inducible protein,is a novel member of the pentaxin family of acute phase proteins[J]. J Immunol,1993,150(5):1804-1812.
[4]Daigo K,Inforzato A,Barajon I,et al. Pentraxins in the activation and regulation of innate immunity[J]. Immunol Rev,2016,274(1):202-217.
[5]Presta M,Camozzi M,Salvatori G,et al. Role of the soluble pattern recognition receptor PTX3 in vascular biology[J]. J Cell Mol Med,2007,11(4):723-738.
[6]Jaillon S,Peri G,Delneste Y,et al. The humoral pattern recognition receptor PTX3 is stored in neutrophil granules and localizes in extracellular traps[J]. J Exp Med,2007,204(4):793-804.
[7]Shiraki A,Kotooka N,Komoda H,et al. Pentraxin-3 regulates the inflammatory activity of macrophages[J]. Biochem Biophys Rep,2016(5):290-295.
[8]Shimizu T,Imanishi A,Sugimoto K,et al. Sequential changes in inflammatory and stress responses during 24-hour running[J].Rinsho Byori,2011,59(10):930-935.
[9]Doni A,Michela M,Bottazzi B,et al. Regulation of PTX3,a key component of humoral innate immunity in human dendritic cells:Stimulation by IL-10 and inhibition by IFN-gamma[J]. J Leukoc Biol,2006,79(4):797-802.
[10]Doni A,Mantovani G,Porta C,et al. Cell-specific regulation of PTX3 by glucocorticoid hormones in hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells[J]. J Biol Chem,2008,283(44):29983-29992.
[11]Yamazaki S,Akira S,Sumimoto H. Glucocorticoid augments lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of the IκBζ-dependent genes encoding the anti-microbial glycoproteins lipocalin 2 and pentraxin 3[J]. J Biochem,2015,157(5):399-410.
[12]Lindberg-Larsen V,Kehlet H,Pilely K,et al. Preoperative methylprednisolone increases plasma Pentraxin 3 early after total knee arthroplasty:A randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled trial[J].Clin Exp Immunol,2018,191(3):356-362.
[13]Ma YJ,Doni A,Skjoedt MO,et al. Heterocomplexes of mannosebinding lectin and the pentraxins PTX3 or serum amyloid P component trigger cross-activation of the complement system[J].J Biol Chem,2011,286(5):3405-3417.
[14]Deban L,Jarva H,Lehtinen MJ,et al. Binding of the long pentraxin PTX3 to factor H:Interacting domains and function in the regulation of complement activation[J]. J Immunol,2008,181(12):8433-8440.
[15]Inforzato A,Peri G,Doni A,et al. Structure and function of the long pentraxin PTX3 glycosidic moiety:Fine-tuning of the interaction with C1q and complement activation[J]. Biochemistry,2006,45(38):11540-115451.
[16]Jaillon S,Jeannin P,Hamon Y,et al. Endogenous PTX3 translocates at the membrane of late apoptotic human neutrophils and is involved in their engulfment by macrophages[J]. Cell Death Differ,2009,16(3):465-474.
[17]Baruah P,Propato A,Dumitriu IE,et al. The pattern recognition receptor PTX3 is recruited at the synapse between dying and dendritic cells,and edits the cross-presentation of self,viral,and tumor antigens[J]. Blood,2006,107(1):151-158.
[18]Soares AC,Souza DG,Pinho V,et al. Dual function of the long pentraxin PTX3 in resistance against pulmonary infection with Klebsiella pneumoniae in transgenic mice[J]. Microbes Infect,2006,8(5):1321-1329.
[19]Doni A,Musso T,Morone D,et al. An acidic microenvironment sets the humoral pattern ecognition molecule PTX3 in a tissue repair mode[J]. J Exp Med,2015,212(6):905-925.
[20]Salio M,Chimenti S,De Angelis N,et al. Cardioprotective function of the long pentraxin PTX3 in acute myocardial infarction[J].Circulation,2008,117(8):1055-1064.
[21]Paeschke A,Possehl A,Klingel K,et al. The immunoproteasome controls the availability of the cardioprotective pattern recognition molecule Pentraxin 3[J]. Eur J Immunol,2016,46(3):619-633.
[22]Carrizzo A,Lenzi P,Procaccini C,et al. Pentraxin 3 induces vascular endothelial dysfunction through a P-selectin/matrix metalloproteinase-1 pathway[J]. Circulation,2015,131(17):1495-1505.
[23]Real JM,Spilborghs GM,Morato-Marques M,et al. Pentraxin 3accelerates lung injury in high tidal volume ventilation in mice[J].Mol Immunol,2012,51(1):82-90.
[24]Fazzini F,Peri G,Doni A,et al. PTX3 in small-vessel vasculitides:An independent indicator of disease activity produced at sites of inflammation[J]. Arthritis Rheum,2001,44(12):2841-2850.
[25]van Rossum AP,Pas HH,Fazzini F,et al. Abundance of the long pentraxin PTX3 at sites of leukocytoclastic lesions in patients with small-vessel vasculitis[J]. Arthritis Rheum,2006,54:986-991.
[26]Presta M,Foglio E,Churruca Schuind A,et al. Long Pentraxin-3modulates the angiogenic activity of fibroblast growth factor-2[J].Front Immunol,2018(8):2327.
[27]Shindo A,Maki T,Mandeville ET,et al. Astrocyte-derived Pentraxin 3 supports blood-brain barrier integrity under acute phase of stroke[J]. Stroke,2016,47(4):1094-1100.
[28]Liu H,Guan S,Fang W,et al. Associations between pentraxin 3and severity of coronary artery disease[J]. BMJ Open,2015,5(4):e007123.
[29]Ishino M,Shishido T,Suzuki S,et al. Deficiency of long Pentraxin PTX3 promoted neointimal hyperplasia after vascular injury[J].J Atheroscler Thromb,2015,22(4):372-378.
[30]Luo XY,Zhu XQ,Li Y,et al. MicroRNA-150 restores endothelial cell function and attenuates vascular remodeling by targeting PTX3 through the NF-κB signaling pathway in mice with acute coronary syndrome[J]. Cell Biol Int,2018,Epub ahead of print.
[31]Nauta AJ,de Haij S,Bottazzi B,et al. Human renal epithelial cells produce the long pentraxin PTX3[J]. Kidney Int,2005,67(2):543-553.
[32]Wirestam L,Enocsson H,Skogh T,et al. Interferon-αcoincides with suppressed levels of pentraxin-3(PTX3)in systemic lupus erythematosus and regulates leucocyte PTX3 in vitro[J]. Clin Exp Immunol,2017,189(1):83-91.
[33]Pang Y,Tan Y,Li Y,et al. Pentraxin 3 is closely associated with tubulointerstitial injury inlupus nephritis:A large multicenter cross-sectional study[J]. Medicine(Baltimore),2016,95(3):e2520.
[34]Ismail SM,Abd-ELWahab MK,Mohamed MS. Serum levels of Pentraxin 3 and interlukin 36 in patients with systemic lupus and their relation to disease activity[J]. Egypt J Immunol,2018,25(1):81-91.
[35]Gatto M,Ghirardello A,Luisetto R,et al. Immunization with pentraxin 3(PTX3)leads to anti-PTX3 antibody production and delayed lupus-like nephritis in NZB/NZW F1 Mice[J]. J Autoimmun,2016,74:208-216.
[36]Yuan M,Tan Y,Pang Y,et al. Anti-pentraxin 3 auto-antibodies might be protective in lupus nephritis:A large cohort study[J].Ren Fail,2017,39(1):465-473.
[37]Keser G,Aksu K,Direskeneli H. Discrepancies between vascular and systemic inflammation in large vessel vasculitis:An important problem revisited[J]. Rheumatology(Oxford),2018,57(5):784-790.
[38]Tombetti E,Di Chio MC,Sartorelli S,et al. Systemic pentraxin-3levels reflect vascular enhancement and progression in Takayasu arteritis[J]. Arthritis Res Ther,2014,16(6):479.
[39]van PP,Tervaert JW,Heeringa P. Mechanisms of vasculitis:How pauciimmune is ANCA-associated renal vasculitis?[J]. Nephron Exp Nephrol,2007,105:e10-16.
[40]谢京.正五聚素-3在ANCA相关性血管炎中的作用及机制研究[D].重庆:第三军医大学,2014.
[41]Simon A,Subra JF,Guilpain P,et al. Detection of anti-Pentraxin-3 autoantibodies in ANCA-associated vasculitis[J]. PLo S One,2016,11(1):e0147091.
[42]Shirai Y,Okazaki Y,Inoue Y,et al. Elevated levels of pentraxin3 in systemic sclerosis:Associations with vascular manifestations and defective vasculogenesis[J]. Arthritis Rheumatol,2015,67(2):498-507.
[43]Luchetti MM,Sambo P,MajlingováP,et al. Scleroderma fibroblasts constitutively express the long pentraxin PTX3[J]. Clin Exp Rheumatol,2004,22(3 Suppl 33):S66-72.
[44]Iwata Y,Yoshizaki A,Ogawa F,et al. Increased serum pentraxin 3in patients with systemic sclerosis[J]. J Rheumatol,2009,36(5):976-983.
[45]Luchetti MM,Piccinini G,Mantovani A,et al. Expression and production of the long pentraxin PTX3 in rheumatoid arthritis(RA)[J]. Clin Exp Immunol,2000,119(1):196-202.
[46]Satomura K,Torigoshi T,Koga T,et al. Serum amyloid A(SAA)induces pentraxin 3(PTX3)production in rheumatoid synoviocytes[J]. Mod Rheumatol,2013,23(1):28-35.
[47]Weitoft T,Larsson A,Saxne T,et al. Pentraxin 3 in serum and synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis with and without autoantibodies[J]. Scand J Rheumatol,2017,46(5):346-352.
[48]Deniz T,Kizilgul M,Uzunlulu M,et al. Levels of pentraxin 3 and relationship with disease activity in patients with ankylosing spondylitis[J]. Acta Reumatol Port,2014,39(2):137-142.
[49]Zhang X,Ding W. Association of genetic variants in Pentraxin 3gene with ankylosing spondylitis[J]. Med Sci Moni,2016,22:2911-2916.
[50]Nisihara R,Skare TL,Zeni JO,et al. Plasma levels of pentraxin 3in patients with spondyloarthritis[J]. Biomarkers,2018,23(1):14-17.
[51]Bevelacqua V,Libra M,Mazzarino MC,et al. Long pentraxin 3:A marker of inflammation in untreated psoriatic patients[J]. Int J Mol Med,2006,18(3):415-423.
[52]Lee EJ,Song DH,Kim YJ,et al. PTX3 stimulates osteoclastogenesis by increasing osteoblast RANKL production[J]. J Cell Physiol,2014,229(11):1744-1752.
[53]Scimeca M,Salustri A,Bonanno E,et al. Impairment of PTX3expression in osteoblasts:A key element for osteoporosis[J]. Cell Death Dis,2017,8(10):e3125.
[54]Huang XL,Zhang L,Duan Y,et al. Association of Pentraxin 3 with autoimmune diseases:A systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Arch Med Res,2016,47(3):223-231.
[2]Breviario F,d'Aniello EM,Golay J,et al. Interleukin-1-inducible genes in endothelial cells. Cloning of a new gene related to C-reactive protein and serum amyloid P component[J]. J Biol Chem,1992,267(31):22190-22197.
[3]Lee GW,Lee TH,Vilcek J. TSG-14,a tumor necrosis factor-and IL-1-inducible protein,is a novel member of the pentaxin family of acute phase proteins[J]. J Immunol,1993,150(5):1804-1812.
[4]Daigo K,Inforzato A,Barajon I,et al. Pentraxins in the activation and regulation of innate immunity[J]. Immunol Rev,2016,274(1):202-217.
[5]Presta M,Camozzi M,Salvatori G,et al. Role of the soluble pattern recognition receptor PTX3 in vascular biology[J]. J Cell Mol Med,2007,11(4):723-738.
[6]Jaillon S,Peri G,Delneste Y,et al. The humoral pattern recognition receptor PTX3 is stored in neutrophil granules and localizes in extracellular traps[J]. J Exp Med,2007,204(4):793-804.
[7]Shiraki A,Kotooka N,Komoda H,et al. Pentraxin-3 regulates the inflammatory activity of macrophages[J]. Biochem Biophys Rep,2016(5):290-295.
[8]Shimizu T,Imanishi A,Sugimoto K,et al. Sequential changes in inflammatory and stress responses during 24-hour running[J].Rinsho Byori,2011,59(10):930-935.
[9]Doni A,Michela M,Bottazzi B,et al. Regulation of PTX3,a key component of humoral innate immunity in human dendritic cells:Stimulation by IL-10 and inhibition by IFN-gamma[J]. J Leukoc Biol,2006,79(4):797-802.
[10]Doni A,Mantovani G,Porta C,et al. Cell-specific regulation of PTX3 by glucocorticoid hormones in hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells[J]. J Biol Chem,2008,283(44):29983-29992.
[11]Yamazaki S,Akira S,Sumimoto H. Glucocorticoid augments lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of the IκBζ-dependent genes encoding the anti-microbial glycoproteins lipocalin 2 and pentraxin 3[J]. J Biochem,2015,157(5):399-410.
[12]Lindberg-Larsen V,Kehlet H,Pilely K,et al. Preoperative methylprednisolone increases plasma Pentraxin 3 early after total knee arthroplasty:A randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled trial[J].Clin Exp Immunol,2018,191(3):356-362.
[13]Ma YJ,Doni A,Skjoedt MO,et al. Heterocomplexes of mannosebinding lectin and the pentraxins PTX3 or serum amyloid P component trigger cross-activation of the complement system[J].J Biol Chem,2011,286(5):3405-3417.
[14]Deban L,Jarva H,Lehtinen MJ,et al. Binding of the long pentraxin PTX3 to factor H:Interacting domains and function in the regulation of complement activation[J]. J Immunol,2008,181(12):8433-8440.
[15]Inforzato A,Peri G,Doni A,et al. Structure and function of the long pentraxin PTX3 glycosidic moiety:Fine-tuning of the interaction with C1q and complement activation[J]. Biochemistry,2006,45(38):11540-115451.
[16]Jaillon S,Jeannin P,Hamon Y,et al. Endogenous PTX3 translocates at the membrane of late apoptotic human neutrophils and is involved in their engulfment by macrophages[J]. Cell Death Differ,2009,16(3):465-474.
[17]Baruah P,Propato A,Dumitriu IE,et al. The pattern recognition receptor PTX3 is recruited at the synapse between dying and dendritic cells,and edits the cross-presentation of self,viral,and tumor antigens[J]. Blood,2006,107(1):151-158.
[18]Soares AC,Souza DG,Pinho V,et al. Dual function of the long pentraxin PTX3 in resistance against pulmonary infection with Klebsiella pneumoniae in transgenic mice[J]. Microbes Infect,2006,8(5):1321-1329.
[19]Doni A,Musso T,Morone D,et al. An acidic microenvironment sets the humoral pattern ecognition molecule PTX3 in a tissue repair mode[J]. J Exp Med,2015,212(6):905-925.
[20]Salio M,Chimenti S,De Angelis N,et al. Cardioprotective function of the long pentraxin PTX3 in acute myocardial infarction[J].Circulation,2008,117(8):1055-1064.
[21]Paeschke A,Possehl A,Klingel K,et al. The immunoproteasome controls the availability of the cardioprotective pattern recognition molecule Pentraxin 3[J]. Eur J Immunol,2016,46(3):619-633.
[22]Carrizzo A,Lenzi P,Procaccini C,et al. Pentraxin 3 induces vascular endothelial dysfunction through a P-selectin/matrix metalloproteinase-1 pathway[J]. Circulation,2015,131(17):1495-1505.
[23]Real JM,Spilborghs GM,Morato-Marques M,et al. Pentraxin 3accelerates lung injury in high tidal volume ventilation in mice[J].Mol Immunol,2012,51(1):82-90.
[24]Fazzini F,Peri G,Doni A,et al. PTX3 in small-vessel vasculitides:An independent indicator of disease activity produced at sites of inflammation[J]. Arthritis Rheum,2001,44(12):2841-2850.
[25]van Rossum AP,Pas HH,Fazzini F,et al. Abundance of the long pentraxin PTX3 at sites of leukocytoclastic lesions in patients with small-vessel vasculitis[J]. Arthritis Rheum,2006,54:986-991.
[26]Presta M,Foglio E,Churruca Schuind A,et al. Long Pentraxin-3modulates the angiogenic activity of fibroblast growth factor-2[J].Front Immunol,2018(8):2327.
[27]Shindo A,Maki T,Mandeville ET,et al. Astrocyte-derived Pentraxin 3 supports blood-brain barrier integrity under acute phase of stroke[J]. Stroke,2016,47(4):1094-1100.
[28]Liu H,Guan S,Fang W,et al. Associations between pentraxin 3and severity of coronary artery disease[J]. BMJ Open,2015,5(4):e007123.
[29]Ishino M,Shishido T,Suzuki S,et al. Deficiency of long Pentraxin PTX3 promoted neointimal hyperplasia after vascular injury[J].J Atheroscler Thromb,2015,22(4):372-378.
[30]Luo XY,Zhu XQ,Li Y,et al. MicroRNA-150 restores endothelial cell function and attenuates vascular remodeling by targeting PTX3 through the NF-κB signaling pathway in mice with acute coronary syndrome[J]. Cell Biol Int,2018,Epub ahead of print.
[31]Nauta AJ,de Haij S,Bottazzi B,et al. Human renal epithelial cells produce the long pentraxin PTX3[J]. Kidney Int,2005,67(2):543-553.
[32]Wirestam L,Enocsson H,Skogh T,et al. Interferon-αcoincides with suppressed levels of pentraxin-3(PTX3)in systemic lupus erythematosus and regulates leucocyte PTX3 in vitro[J]. Clin Exp Immunol,2017,189(1):83-91.
[33]Pang Y,Tan Y,Li Y,et al. Pentraxin 3 is closely associated with tubulointerstitial injury inlupus nephritis:A large multicenter cross-sectional study[J]. Medicine(Baltimore),2016,95(3):e2520.
[34]Ismail SM,Abd-ELWahab MK,Mohamed MS. Serum levels of Pentraxin 3 and interlukin 36 in patients with systemic lupus and their relation to disease activity[J]. Egypt J Immunol,2018,25(1):81-91.
[35]Gatto M,Ghirardello A,Luisetto R,et al. Immunization with pentraxin 3(PTX3)leads to anti-PTX3 antibody production and delayed lupus-like nephritis in NZB/NZW F1 Mice[J]. J Autoimmun,2016,74:208-216.
[36]Yuan M,Tan Y,Pang Y,et al. Anti-pentraxin 3 auto-antibodies might be protective in lupus nephritis:A large cohort study[J].Ren Fail,2017,39(1):465-473.
[37]Keser G,Aksu K,Direskeneli H. Discrepancies between vascular and systemic inflammation in large vessel vasculitis:An important problem revisited[J]. Rheumatology(Oxford),2018,57(5):784-790.
[38]Tombetti E,Di Chio MC,Sartorelli S,et al. Systemic pentraxin-3levels reflect vascular enhancement and progression in Takayasu arteritis[J]. Arthritis Res Ther,2014,16(6):479.
[39]van PP,Tervaert JW,Heeringa P. Mechanisms of vasculitis:How pauciimmune is ANCA-associated renal vasculitis?[J]. Nephron Exp Nephrol,2007,105:e10-16.
[40]谢京.正五聚素-3在ANCA相关性血管炎中的作用及机制研究[D].重庆:第三军医大学,2014.
[41]Simon A,Subra JF,Guilpain P,et al. Detection of anti-Pentraxin-3 autoantibodies in ANCA-associated vasculitis[J]. PLo S One,2016,11(1):e0147091.
[42]Shirai Y,Okazaki Y,Inoue Y,et al. Elevated levels of pentraxin3 in systemic sclerosis:Associations with vascular manifestations and defective vasculogenesis[J]. Arthritis Rheumatol,2015,67(2):498-507.
[43]Luchetti MM,Sambo P,MajlingováP,et al. Scleroderma fibroblasts constitutively express the long pentraxin PTX3[J]. Clin Exp Rheumatol,2004,22(3 Suppl 33):S66-72.
[44]Iwata Y,Yoshizaki A,Ogawa F,et al. Increased serum pentraxin 3in patients with systemic sclerosis[J]. J Rheumatol,2009,36(5):976-983.
[45]Luchetti MM,Piccinini G,Mantovani A,et al. Expression and production of the long pentraxin PTX3 in rheumatoid arthritis(RA)[J]. Clin Exp Immunol,2000,119(1):196-202.
[46]Satomura K,Torigoshi T,Koga T,et al. Serum amyloid A(SAA)induces pentraxin 3(PTX3)production in rheumatoid synoviocytes[J]. Mod Rheumatol,2013,23(1):28-35.
[47]Weitoft T,Larsson A,Saxne T,et al. Pentraxin 3 in serum and synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis with and without autoantibodies[J]. Scand J Rheumatol,2017,46(5):346-352.
[48]Deniz T,Kizilgul M,Uzunlulu M,et al. Levels of pentraxin 3 and relationship with disease activity in patients with ankylosing spondylitis[J]. Acta Reumatol Port,2014,39(2):137-142.
[49]Zhang X,Ding W. Association of genetic variants in Pentraxin 3gene with ankylosing spondylitis[J]. Med Sci Moni,2016,22:2911-2916.
[50]Nisihara R,Skare TL,Zeni JO,et al. Plasma levels of pentraxin 3in patients with spondyloarthritis[J]. Biomarkers,2018,23(1):14-17.
[51]Bevelacqua V,Libra M,Mazzarino MC,et al. Long pentraxin 3:A marker of inflammation in untreated psoriatic patients[J]. Int J Mol Med,2006,18(3):415-423.
[52]Lee EJ,Song DH,Kim YJ,et al. PTX3 stimulates osteoclastogenesis by increasing osteoblast RANKL production[J]. J Cell Physiol,2014,229(11):1744-1752.
[53]Scimeca M,Salustri A,Bonanno E,et al. Impairment of PTX3expression in osteoblasts:A key element for osteoporosis[J]. Cell Death Dis,2017,8(10):e3125.
[54]Huang XL,Zhang L,Duan Y,et al. Association of Pentraxin 3 with autoimmune diseases:A systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Arch Med Res,2016,47(3):223-231.